北京下白垩统芦尚坟组叶肢介的生物地层学北大核心CSCD

叶肢介化石是我国北方中生代生物群的重要成员之一,对古环境恢复和生物地层对比具有重要意义。北京西下白垩统芦尚坟组含丰富的昆虫、介形虫、植物、孢粉等化石,还发现了鱼和恐龙等脊椎动物化石,但叶肢介化石以前并无正式报道。芦尚坟组及其上覆夏庄组的昆虫化石组合被称为"芦尚坟昆虫群",对京西地区早白垩世中晚期的古生物学和古生态学研究具有重要意义。本文描述产自北京市丰台区贺照云村附近芦尚坟组第四段的Eosestheria(东方叶肢介)1新种,认为芦尚坟组的叶肢介群落为衰落型Eosestheria群,与上覆夏庄组的Yanjiestheria(延吉叶肢介)群差异较大,与辽西阜新组的叶肢介群落联系紧密。我们认为芦尚坟组和阜新组时代接近,约为Aptian晚期。     

北京下白垩统芦尚坟组叶肢介的生物地层学

叶肢介化石是我国北方中生代生物群的重要成员之一,对古环境恢复和生物地层对比具有重要意义。北京西下白垩统芦尚坟组含丰富的昆虫、介形虫、植物、孢粉等化石,还发现了鱼和恐龙等脊椎动物化石,但叶肢介化石以前并无正式报道。芦尚坟组及其上覆夏庄组的昆虫化石组合被称为"芦尚坟昆虫群",对京西地区早白垩世中晚期的古生物学和古生态学研究具有重要意义。本文描述产自北京市丰台区贺照云村附近芦尚坟组第四段的Eosestheria(东方叶肢介)1新种,认为芦尚坟组的叶肢介群落为衰落型Eosestheria群,与上覆夏庄组的Yanjiestheria(延吉叶肢介)群差异较大,与辽西阜新组的叶肢介群落联系紧密。我们认为芦尚坟组和阜新组时代接近,约为Aptian晚期。     

侏罗系-白垩系界线和我国东北地区下白垩统陆相地层相关问题的探讨

文中介绍目前国际侏罗系-白垩系界线研究的进展以及我国东北地区下白垩统和相关陆相地层的研究现状.针对目前国内陆相侏罗系-白垩系界线研究中存在的争议,澄清一些概念,提出我国相关陆相地层的研究需结合古生物学、同位素年代学、古地磁学等多学科的结果.近年来的研究表明,这些综合性的工作和最新国际地质年代表的结果并不矛盾.最新的国际地质年代表中提出的侏罗系-白垩系界线的年龄(145.5±4Ma)得到国内外学者的广泛支持,相比之下,一些学者提出的侏罗系一白垩系界线年龄为135Ma或125Ma的观点还缺乏地层学和同位素年代学的证据.近年来年代地层学研究的进展为我国东北地区下白垩统精确国际对比提供了重要证据.东北地区陆相早白垩世沉积中脊椎动物化石的发现以及多数无脊椎动物和植物化石研究的结果表明,生物地层学的证据与年代学和古地磁学证据基本吻合.文中还通过一些实例,探讨在生物地层学(特别是脊椎动物地层学)研究中,重视生物系统发育学研究的重要性,即应当重视"谱系发育关系相近属种的对比",从而可以有效避免采用化石确定地层年代过程的一些误区.文中尚论及白垩系Aptian阶的底界年龄以及国际地质年代表中下白垩统一些阶的年限确定的意义.     

叶肢介化石在河西走廊赤金堡组、新民堡群的分布

河西走廊西部赤金堡组及新民堡群是生油岩系,富含叶肢介化石。研究这些化石对于确定地层时代,进行地层对比以及探讨晚侏罗世、早白垩世叶肢介动物群分布规律是有意义的。1974年5—7月,笔者与甘肃区测二队中生代专题研究队同志一起,在玉门、酒泉一带测制地层剖面,采获大量化石标本。关于叶肢介化石属、种的记述,大多已编入陕甘宁地区古生物化石图册(在印刷中)。本文着重分析叶肢介化石在赤金堡组及新民堡群的分布规律、动物群性质,同时讨论有关这两组地层的含义问题。     

辽西北票四合屯早白垩世土城子组三段孢粉组合及其意义

本文研究了辽西北票四合屯脊椎动物化石产地附近土城子组三段的孢粉组合,共计32属9种及25未定种。孢粉组合以松柏类两气囊花粉占绝对优势,三缝孢子含量低。当前组合中见有Cicatricosisporites,Lygodioisporites,Jiaohepollis,Rugubivesiculites等早白垩世特征分子,同时未见被子植物花粉,推测其时代为早白垩世早期,这与同位素测年结果相一致。这一孢粉组合以松柏类两气囊花粉的高含量及Classopollis的低含量为特征,明显不同于以往报道的土城子组的孢粉组合,却与辽西地区义县组下部层段的孢粉组合非常相似,表明辽西地区土城子组沉积的末期区域植物群面貌与义县组已无本质差别,尽管两套地层在岩相和沉积上差异明显。这一发现提示我们,土城子组的横向对比对于正确重建中国北方侏罗纪—白垩纪早期的沉积演化史十分关键,有必要在后续研究中进一步开展其他地区土城子组的孢粉等生物地层及区域间的对比工作。     

吉林通化侏罗-白垩纪孢粉组合

吉林省东南部通化地区,陆相侏罗系和白垩系颇为发育.经多年的野外地质调查和古生物学的研究,地层层序业已确立如下:白垩系三棵榆树组:中、基性,酸性火山岩.亨通山组:砂页岩夹煤线.含鱼、叶肢介、介形类、植物、孢粉及软体动物化石.下桦皮甸子组:砂页岩夹煤线.含鱼、叶肢介、介形类、软体动物及孢粉化石.林子头组:安山岩、集块岩及凝灰岩.鹰嘴砬子组:紫红色砂岩及黑灰色砂页     

松辽盆地东南区姚家组-嫩江组一段地层特征与湖泊演变

详细厘定位于松辽盆地东南区姚家车站剖面的一套上白垩统地层,确认为姚家组至嫩江组一段.姚家组下部以紫红色泥岩为主,至顶部变为黄绿色泥岩、泥质粉砂岩.嫩江组一段整合于姚家组之上,下部以油页岩为主,夹泥质白云岩薄层,中上部以灰绿色泥岩为主,夹白云岩结核.姚家组产有少量介形类化石,属于Cyprideaformosa-Cypridea sunghuajiangensis组合.嫩江组一段含有丰富的介形类、孢粉和叶肢介化石.自下而上建立了两个介形类化石组合:Cypridea anonyma-Candona,fabiforma和Cyidea gracila～Cypridea gunsulinensis,一个孢粉组合:Proteacidites-Cyathidites-Dictyotrililetes,以及两个叶肢介化石带:Dictyestheria elongata和Halysesther-ia yui.叶肢介Halysesthera yui在姚家组/嫩江组界线之上35cm处首现,是嫩江阶底界的首现标志化石.姚家组的TOC值和HI值均很低,有机质来源以高等植物为主,至嫩江组下部,TOC值和HI值比较高,有机质来源为菌藻类和高等植物的混合,向上TOC值和HI值又开始降低.从姚家组至嫩江组一段下部沉积期,松辽古湖泊的湖平面由浅变深,经历了一次大规模的湖侵,至嫩江组一段上部沉积期,湖水又变浅.姚家组红层主要形成于浅水环境,湖底呈氧化状态,有机质主要来源于高等植物,且不利于保存.嫩江组一段的油页岩主要形成于半深湖-深湖环境,湖水分层,下层水体缺氧,上层水体富氧,生物繁盛,有利于有机质的大量保存.     

黔西地区卡以头组叶肢介动物群

黔西地区发育良好的陆相二叠系-三叠系界线地层,近年来该地区的二叠纪-三叠纪过渡期陆相生物群研究较多,主要包括植物化石和孢粉化石。文中研究了产自该地区卡以头组的叶肢介动物群,并对部分标本采取电镜扫描来研究其微细结构,共分类描述2属11种及3个未定种,其中Euestheria属有5种和2个未定种,Palaeolimnadia属有6种和1个未定种。该研究既丰富了黔西地区二叠纪-三叠纪之交的生物群面貌,对于探讨这一重大地质突变期陆相生物群演变具有指示作用,也为陆相二叠系-三叠系界线的划分和对比提供了重要参考依据。     

黔西地区卡以头组叶肢介动物群北大核心CSCD

黔西地区发育良好的陆相二叠系-三叠系界线地层,近年来该地区的二叠纪-三叠纪过渡期陆相生物群研究较多,主要包括植物化石和孢粉化石。文中研究了产自该地区卡以头组的叶肢介动物群,并对部分标本采取电镜扫描来研究其微细结构,共分类描述2属11种及3个未定种,其中Euestheria属有5种和2个未定种,Palaeolimnadia属有6种和1个未定种。该研究既丰富了黔西地区二叠纪-三叠纪之交的生物群面貌,对于探讨这一重大地质突变期陆相生物群演变具有指示作用,也为陆相二叠系-三叠系界线的划分和对比提供了重要参考依据。     

吉林通化三棵榆树剖面叶肢介化石初步研究

吉林通化地区三棵榆树晚中生代地层剖面,层序连续,叶肢介化石丰富.研究这些化石对于确定侏罗-白垩系界限,探讨晚侏罗世、早白垩世叶肢介动物群演化规律是很有意义的.这篇短文写作过程中得到了陈丕基老师的指导并承悉心修改,特此致谢.三棵榆树剖面的叶肢介化石产于两个层位:下白垩统亨通山组21层产叶肢介 Eosestheria subrotunda Chen, E. sankeyushuensis sp. nov., E. sp., Pseudestherites aff. qinghem-     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.