湘华鲮外周血细胞形态特征及嗜中性粒细胞 吞噬与杀菌能力

采用血涂片、显微测量、血细胞计数及嗜中性粒细胞吞噬功能和氯化硝基四氮唑蓝还原试验方法,于光学显微镜下观察分析三种水体湘华鲮（Sinilabeo decorus tungting）外周血细胞形态结构、大小、种类及数量。结果表明,湘华鲮外周血细胞中有红细胞、血栓细胞、粒细胞、淋巴细胞和单核细胞,红细胞比例最高,达80%以上,白细胞中血栓细胞最多,占70% ~ 74%。大水面网箱养殖的湘华鲮外周血红细胞数量显著低于水泥池和土池养殖个体（0.01 < P < 0.05）,而白细胞的数量、种类及各类白细胞所占比例较为稳定,不随养殖方式的变化而发生显著变化（P > 0.05）,但水泥池湘华鲮嗜中性粒细胞的吞噬与杀菌能力较其他两种养殖方式显著下降（0.01 < P < 0.05）。因此,建议湘华鲮宜在水质良好的流水环境中养殖。     

史氏鲟外周血细胞的显微及超微结构

采用血细胞计数、光学显微及电子显微技术对二龄史氏鲟外周血细胞的数目、形态及结构进行了研究。二龄史氏鲟红细胞的数目为47.75×104个/mm3,白细胞数目为2.9万个/mm3,其中淋巴细胞所占比率最高。史氏鲟的外周血中除正常红细胞外,还有处于分裂状态及未成熟的红细胞。史氏鲟外周血中的白细胞有四种类型,分别为淋巴细胞、粒细胞、血栓细胞和单核细胞。其中粒细胞有两种,即嗜中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞。嗜中性粒细胞含有多种形状的核,其中分叶的核数目较多,粒细胞及淋巴细胞均类似于哺乳动物。对史氏鲟外周血细胞细微结构的观察显示:红细胞中具有少量的细胞器;淋巴细胞结构典型;单核细胞较粒细胞稍小且具有较多线粒体;血栓细胞具有梭形和圆形两种,胞质较少,其中梭形的血栓细胞胞质几乎透明;对粒细胞的颗粒按照形状和电子密度进行了分类。     

质控物结合新鲜全血监测不同型号血细胞 分析仪检测结果的对比研究

目的：用全血质控物（以下简称质控物）监测不同型号血细胞分析仪后,对比不同型号血细胞分析仪检测同一份血标本结果的差异,以及用质控物结合新鲜血监测不同型号血细胞分析仪后,对比不同型号血细胞分析仪检测同一份血标本结果的差异。方法：美国亚培公司提供的CD-1600血细胞分析仪及其配套试剂,美国库尔特公司提供的COULTER—JT血细胞分析仪及其配套试剂,检测200例4至6岁健康查体儿童血常规。结果：用质控物检测不同型号血细胞分析仪,CD-1600的检测结果：4至6岁儿童白细胞计数,淋巴细胞、中间细胞、中性粒细胞男性与女性之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血小板的检测结果男性与女性之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。COULTER-JT的检测结果：4至6岁儿童白细胞计数。淋巴细胞、中间细胞、中性粒细胞男性与女性之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血小板男性与女性之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。CD-1600与COULTER-JT比较的检测结果：4至6岁儿童男性白细胞计数、淋巴细胞、中间细胞、中性粒细胞、血小板均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。但红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞压积具有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。4至6岁儿童女性白细胞计数、淋巴细胞、血小板均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。但中间细胞（0．01〉P〉0、05）中性粒细胞（P〈0．01）红细胞（P〈0．01）血红蛋白（0．01〉P〉0．05）红细胞压积（P〈0．01）均具有显著性差异。用质控物结合新鲜血监测不同型号血细胞分析仪检测结果上述各项指标均无显著性差异。结论：用质控物监测不同型号血细胞分析仪,同一份血标本不同仪器检测结果,部分指标有显著性差异,用质控物结合新鲜血监测不同型号血细胞分析仪,同一份血标本检测结果,其各项指标均无显著性差异。     

水族馆养殖中华鲟血细胞指标的变化

血细胞是临床健康的重要指标。本文对北京海洋馆养殖的40尾中华鲟（Acipenser sinensis）外周血细胞组成进行研究,研究对象包括超过30龄、18龄、16龄、15龄、11龄、7龄和4龄共7个龄组,并分析比较不同年龄、性腺快速发育前后以及处于疾病前后血细胞指标变化,希望应用于健康评价。结果表明,1）外周血红细胞总数（RBC）平均为（5.56 ± 1.19）× 1011/L,18龄和11龄与其他龄组之间存在显著性差异（P < 0.05）,超过30龄组血细胞比积（HCT）和血红蛋白（HB）值显著高于其他龄组（P < 0.05）;2）白细胞总数（WBC）平均为（16.53 ± 4.94）× 109/L,18龄与4龄间存在显著差异,且分别与其他龄组间存在显著性差异（P < 0.05）。3）白细胞分类计数（DLC）中各类型白细胞平均所占百分比分别为,大淋巴细胞（LLYM）5.26% ± 3.95%、小淋巴细胞（SLYM）77.74% ± 11.73%、嗜中性粒细胞（NEU）9.40% ± 7.98%、嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）1.90% ± 2.06%和单核细胞（MON）5.50% ± 4.00%,超过30龄和4龄间显著差异,且分别与其他龄组间存在显著性差异（P < 0.05）。4）性腺进入快速发育阶段后,红细胞总数、血细胞比积和白细胞总数较发育前均显著增加（P < 0.05）,血红蛋白值有增加但差异不显著。5）疾病中华鲟白细胞总数显著增高（P < 0.05）并伴随红细胞各指标降低,白细胞数增加幅度达90%,分类计数中中性粒细胞和单核细胞比例显著变化（P < 0.05）。中华鲟快速发育阶段及疾病状态的血细胞组成不同,血细胞密度的变化以及分类计数的差异可及时判断中华鲟健康状况,结果对中华鲟的健康评价与保育研究有重要的参考意义。     

濒危鱼类稀有白甲鱼外周血细胞特征

为了研究濒危鱼类稀有白甲鱼（Onychostoma rara）外周血细胞的特征,以采自长江中游沅江水系清水江共计21尾稀有白甲鱼的血液为材料,采用常规方法对稀有白甲鱼外周血细胞的组成、形态、大小和数量进行了观测。结果显示,稀有白甲鱼红细胞数量为（1.75±0.44）×106 个/ L,白细胞数量为（4.91±1.95）×105 个/ L。在血涂片上共计观察到了5种白细胞,包括淋巴细胞、血栓细胞、单核细胞、嗜中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞,没有发现嗜碱性粒细胞。其5种白细胞数量比例差异较大,其数量比例关系为：淋巴细胞>血栓细胞>嗜中性粒细胞>单核细胞>嗜酸性粒细胞。这5种白细胞的大小也有所不同,其大小关系为：单核细胞>嗜中性粒细胞>嗜酸性粒细胞>淋巴细胞>血栓细胞。与已报道的鱼类相比,稀有白甲鱼白细胞的数量明显较高,红细胞数量较多、体积相对较小,可能与其适应流水生活相关。     

玳瑁和绿海龟幼体外周血细胞的观察与比较

对玳瑁(Eretmochelys imbricata)和绿海龟(Chelonia mydas)外周血细胞形态特征及其数量进行了观察、测定与比较.结果表明,在2种海龟外周血都观察到7种血细胞:红细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和血栓细胞,除了绿海龟观察到大、小2种嗜酸性粒细胞外,另外几种血细胞的形态结构与其他爬行动物相似.白细胞分类计数表明,2种海龟白细胞中以嗜中性粒细胞数量最多,其次是淋巴细胞和单核细胞,嗜酸性粒细胞仅有少数,嗜碱性粒细胞极少,并且此类细胞在玳瑁的白细胞分类计数中为零.玳瑁红细胞数量为(346.7±68.4)×10~3个/μl,比绿海龟红细胞含量少,绿海龟为(403.3±170.6)×10~3/μl;玳瑁白细胞及血栓细胞数分别为(7.7±1.9)×10~3个/μl和(9.6±2.2)×10~3个/μl,绿海龟分别为(7.3±2.8)×10~3个/μl和(7.5±3.7) ×10~3个/μl.     

SPF级与普通级新西兰兔血液学参数的比较

目的对普通级新西兰兔进行剖宫产,获得SPF兔,比较SPF兔和普通级兔血液学参数。方法采取剖宫产手术培育成无菌兔,接种正常寄生菌使之SPF化。耳缘静脉采血,自动生化分析仪测定SPF兔、普通级兔血液学参数。结果经检测SPF兔符合国家SPF兔标准;SPF兔和普通级新西兰兔白细胞数、血红蛋白、红细胞容积、中性粒细胞百分比、嗜酸性粒细胞百分比、嗜碱性粒细胞百分比、中性粒细胞数、单核细胞数、嗜酸性粒细胞数、嗜碱性粒细胞数、总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白、谷酰转肽酶、葡萄糖、钙、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等参数差异极显著（P〈0.01）;血小板数、淋巴细胞百分比、肌酐差异显著（P〈0.05）;红细胞数、平均红细胞体积、平均血红蛋白含量、平均血红蛋白浓度、红细胞体积分布宽度、平均血小板体积、单核细胞百分比、淋巴细胞数、白蛋白、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、尿素氮、尿酸、磷、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、磷酸肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶差异不显著（P〉0.05）。结论不同等级微生物环境对新西兰兔血液学指标有显著影响。     

欧洲鳗鲡外周血细胞的显微和超微结构

利用光镜和透射电镜技术研究了欧洲鳗鲡（Anguilla anguilla）外周血细胞的显微和亚显微结构。结果表明：在外周血细胞中可以区分出红细胞、单核细胞、大淋巴细胞、小淋巴细胞、嗜中性粒细胞和血栓细胞;嗜中性粒细胞内的特殊颗粒包括A、B、C三型;嗜中性粒细胞分为Ⅰ型粒细胞（内含A、B、C三种特殊颗粒）、Ⅱ型粒细胞（内含A型和C型两种特殊颗粒）和Ⅲ型粒细胞（内含C型特殊颗粒）。还见到幼稚的和正在分裂的红细胞和单核细胞,提示示幼稚的红细胞能直接进入外周血流中,嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞无论在血涂片上或超薄切片上均未见到。描述了上述各种血细胞在光镜和电镜观察下的形态和细微结构。血栓细胞体积最小,嗜中性粒细胞体积最大;淋巴细胞数目最多,嗜中性粒细胞数目最少。     

牛蛙外周血细胞的形态学特点

本研究对雌雄牛蛙(Rana catesbeiana)外周血细胞的组成、形态、大小和数量进行了观察和统计。牛蛙外周血细胞由红细胞、白细胞以及血栓细胞组成,其中红细胞体积最大,平均大小(长径×短径)为(25.68±1.88)μm×(16.49±1.53)μm,扫描电镜下发现红细胞表面光滑;血栓细胞呈卵圆形或纺锤形,其体积最小,平均大小为(8.62±1.04)μm×(7.47±1.11)μm;白细胞由淋巴细胞、单核细胞、浆细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞组成,扫描电镜下白细胞表面粗糙不平,有许多不规则的凸起。白细胞中淋巴细胞最多,其中小淋巴细胞约占白细胞的32.66%±4.29%,大淋巴细胞约占6.03%±1.54%;嗜碱性粒细胞最少,只占4.78%±0.83%;浆细胞胞体大小不一,常呈椭圆形,平均大小为(23.51±0.59)μm×(22.86±0.67)μm;此外,牛蛙外周血细胞中单核细胞、淋巴细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞的数量比例以及淋巴细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞的大小均有性别的差异(P0.05)。     

切尾拟鲿外周血细胞的显微结构

应用Wright-Giemsa染液联合染色方法,通过光镜对切尾拟鲿Pseudobagrus truncatus外周血细胞的形态进行观察。结果表明,切尾拟鲿外周血细胞可分为红细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、血栓细胞和嗜中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞两种类型的粒细胞。未发现嗜碱性粒细胞。白细胞中,血栓细胞数量最多,占白细胞总数的39.32%;嗜酸性粒细胞数量最少,仅占白细胞总数的2.30%;单核细胞体积最大,大小为(14.58±3.95)μm×(12.96±2.67)μm;血栓细胞体积最小,大小为(6.53±0.96)μm×(3.65±0.41)μm。此外,统计了红细胞密度为(1.68±0.39)×106/mm3,白细胞密度为(5.84±0.73)×103/mm3。     

Human basophils express CD22 without expression of CD19.

BACKGROUND:Even modern automatic cell counters cannot count basophils precisely. Therefore, we need a rapid, accurate, precise, and easy method for counting basophils. METHODS:Using flow cytometry, basophils (CD22+/CD19-) and B cells (CD22+/CD19+) were counted. Within a large lymphocyte light scatter gate, % basophils (G%baso) and % B cells (G%B) were determined from the total count. Another method of analysis was to make two regions (R1 for basophils and R2 for B cells) and to determine in those the % basophils (R1%baso) and % B cells (R2%B) without gating. The flow cytometric basophil counts of the blood of 21 normal controls and 43 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients were compared with manual basophil count (Ma%baso) and basophil count by Coulter electronic cell counter (Hialeah, FL) (Auto%baso). CD22+/CD19- cells were sorted by a FACSCalibur (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA). RESULTS:The G%baso of all samples was 4.66 +/- 5.35%, and R1%baso was 4.23 +/- 4.88%, and they were well-correlated (r = 0.996, P < 0.001). The G%B of all samples was 1.55 +/- 1.68%, and R2%B was 1.59 +/- 1.67%, and they were also well-correlated (r = 0.993, P < 0.001). Their correlation was better in normal controls than in CML. G%baso was well-correlated to Ma%baso (r = 0.827) and Auto%baso (r = 0.806), and R1%baso was well-correlated to Ma%baso (r = 0.831) but showed poor correlation to Auto%baso (r = 0.734). Auto%baso revealed the poorest correlation to Ma%baso (r = 0.692). The sorted CD22+/CD19- cells were all basophils (99.48 +/- 0.30%), and they revealed CD13, CD33, and dim CD45 expression, whereas CD3, CD14, CD16, and HLA-DR were not detected on them. CONCLUSIONS: We discovered a specific marker combination to identify basophils (CD22+/CD19-), and we suggest that flow cytometric analysis using these markers is an easy, reliable, and accurate method of basophil counting.     

华南虎、东北虎、孟加拉虎的D-100p和ND5序列及其在系统进化分析中的应用

本文采用PCR和质粒克隆测序方法,获得了华南虎线粒体D-loop区的480bp序列和东北虎、孟加拉虎线粒体D-loop区的503bp序列;同时还获得了这三个虎亚种和金钱豹线粒体ND5基因5’端309bp的部分序列。根据D-loop序列分析,华南虎与孟加拉虎、东北虎的平均距离(p-distance)分别为0．11088和O．11087,而东北虎与孟加拉虎间的平均距离为0．00994;根据ND5序列分析,华南虎与孟加拉虎、东北虎的平均距离分别为0．11434和0．11758,而东北虎与孟加拉虎间的平均距离为0．00324。三个虎亚种的mtDNA D-loop和ND5序列比较表明,华南虎是这三个虎亚种中最为古老的亚种。     

PLT,MPV,PDW对单采血小板产品聚集的影响

目的：探讨血小板含量（PLT）,血小板平均分布宽度（PDW）,血小板平均体积（MPV）对单采血小板聚集的影响,方法：随机抽取68例血小板捐献者,均成功捐献单采血小板,分为聚集组和对照组。献血前抽取静脉血,采用麦道尼克CA620血细胞分析仪进行血细胞分析,检测PLT,MPV,PDW。结果：聚集组（%）PDW 17.5±1.8,高于对照组（%）PDW12.1±0.9（P〈0.05）。聚集组（fl）MPV 11.0±0.9高于对照组（fl）MPV 7.8±0.8（P〈0.05）,差异有统计学意义,聚集组PLT（187±13.3）×109,对照组PLT（195±11.0）×109,二者无明显统计学差异（P〉0.05）。MPV,PDW分别与PLT进行相关性分析,PLT与MPV无显著相关（r=0.132,P〉0.05）;PLT与PDW无显著相关（r=0.147,P〉0.05）。结论：单采血小板产品出现聚集,其捐献者PDW,MPV高于单采产品正常捐献者,与献血者PLT计数无明显关系。     

血常规在头颈部鳞状细胞癌早期诊断中的作用

目的:探究血常规指标在头颈部鳞状细胞癌早期诊断中的作用,从血液学的角度为头颈部鳞状细胞癌的早期诊断提供参考依据。方法:对181例头颈部良恶性肿瘤患者的血常规结果进行回顾性分析,比较头颈部鳞状细胞癌患者组(实验组)和头颈部良性肿瘤组(对照组)患者的血小板计数(PLT)、血小板比积(PCT)、血小板平均容积(MPV)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、大血小板比率(P-LCR)、中性粒细胞计数(NEU)、淋巴细胞计数(LYM)、单核细胞计数(MONO)、嗜酸性粒细胞计数(EOS)、嗜碱性粒细胞计数(BASO)、血小板计数/淋巴细胞计数比值(PLR)以及中性粒细胞计数/淋巴细胞计数比值(NLR)共12个指标。结果:实验组和对照组的PLT、PCT、MPV、PDW、P-LCR以及BASO计数值比较均没有统计学差异(p0.05)。对照组NEU、MONO、EOS、PLR和NLR均低于实验组,而LYM计数值高于实验组,其差异均具有统计学意义(p0.05),ROC曲线显示NLR对于早期诊断的意义要优于PLR。结论:血小板相关指标在头颈部鳞状细胞癌早期诊断中无明显意义,白细胞亚型计数具有重要的提示作用,而NLR的诊断意义要高于PLR,或许可以联合其他鳞癌标志物进行早期诊断。     

HEMATOLOGY VALUES OF WILD HARBOR PORPOISES (PHOCOENA PHOCOENA) FROM THE BAY OF FUNDY,CANADA

Clinical hematology values were determined for 29 harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) released from herring weirs in the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Erythrocyte values exhibited narrow ranges, but there was a high degree of individual variability in counts of white blood cells. Total white cell counts ranged from 2.6 to 15.5 ± 10⁹/liter, with an overall mean of 6.5 ± 2.7 ± 10±/liter. There were significant differences among reproductive classes in mean values of total red blood cells, hematocrit (HCT), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCHC) and total monocyte count. Wild harbor porpoises had fewer white blood cells, lower relative total number of neutrophils and lymphocytes, and higher percentages of monocytes and eosinophils than reported in the literature for captive porpoises. Compared to published values for other odontocetes, the hemograms of harbor porpoises were most similar to those of Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus). These hematology data represent a baseline from free-ranging harbor porpoises that can be used as a reference for long-term monitoring of the health of this population and as a tool for rehabilitation facilities.     

Phylogeography and genetic ancestry of tigers (Panthera tigris)

Eight traditional subspecies of tiger (Panthera tigris),of which three recently became extinct, are commonly recognized on the basis of geographic isolation and morphological characteristics. To investigate the species' evolutionary history and to establish objective methods for subspecies recognition, voucher specimens of blood, skin, hair, and/or skin biopsies from 134 tigers with verified geographic origins or heritage across the whole distribution range were examined for three molecular markers: (1) 4.0 kb of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence; (2) allele variation in the nuclear major histocompatibility complex class II DRB gene; and (3) composite nuclear microsatellite genotypes based on 30 loci. Relatively low genetic variation with mtDNA,DRB,and microsatellite loci was found, but significant population subdivision was nonetheless apparent among five living subspecies. In addition, a distinct partition of the Indochinese subspecies P. t. corbetti in to northern Indochinese and Malayan Peninsula populations was discovered. Population genetic structure would suggest recognition of six taxonomic units or subspecies: (1) Amur tiger P. t. altaica; (2) northern Indochinese tiger P. t. corbetti; (3) South China tiger P. t. amoyensis; (4) Malayan tiger P. t. jacksoni, named for the tiger conservationist Peter Jackson; (5) Sumatran tiger P. t. sumatrae; and (6) Bengal tiger P. t. tigris. The proposed South China tiger lineage is tentative due to limited sampling. The age of the most recent common ancestor for tiger mtDNA was estimated to be 72,000-108,000 y, relatively younger than some other Panthera species. A combination of population expansions, reduced gene flow, and genetic drift following the last genetic diminution, and the recent anthropogenic range contraction, have led to the distinct genetic partitions. These results provide an explicit basis for subspecies recognition and will lead to the improved management and conservation of these recently isolated but distinct geographic populations of tigers.     

Muscle force per cross-sectional area is inversely related with pennation angle in strength trained athletes

The present study aimed to examine the effect of pennation angle on the force per cross-sectional area for elbow extensor muscles in strength-trained athletes. A total of 52 male bodybuilders (n = 32) and Olympic weightlifters (n = 20) did maximal isometric elbow extension on an isokinetic dynamometer. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle-fiber pennation angle (PA) of the triceps brachii muscles were measured by ultrasonography. Bodybuilders had significantly greater isometric elbow extension force (F), CSA and PA than weightlifters. The ratio of force to CSA (F/CSA) of bodybuilders was significantly lower than that of weightlifters. A significant positive correlation was observed between CSA and PA in both groups (r = 0.832, P < 0.001, and r = 0.682, P < 0.001, for bodybuilders and weightlifters, respectively). The F/CSA was negatively correlated to PA both for bodybuilders (r = -0.408, P < 0.05) and weightlifters (r = -0.465, P < 0.05). Thus present study indicates that the larger pennation angle is associated with the lower force relative to muscle CSA in strength-trained athletes.     

Evaluation of automated hematology analyzer DYMIND DH76 compared to SYSMEX XN 1000 system

BackgroundDYMIND DH76 (DYMIND BIOTECH, China) is a new automated hematology system designed to provide CBC count, including a 5-part WBC differential count, and its analytical performance should be assessed before adoption for clinical use.MethodsThe analyzer was evaluated according to the International Council for Standardization in Haematology guideline. The purposes of this study were to assess its analytical performance in comparison to SYSMEX XN 1000 hematology analyzer currently used in our laboratory, as well as to compare the automated and manual WBC differential.ResultsWithin-run precision in all concentration ranges was very good with coefficients of variation (CVs) between 0.02% and 2.5% except for platelets over 500×109/L (CV 9.5%). Within-batch imprecision showed CVs lower the declared deviation ranges. Accuracy (defined as trueness) was excellent for all CBC and white cell differential parameters, compared with the state of the art%. Linearity was confirmed with excellent regression coefficients (0.999-1.000), even in the lowest values, and carryover was ≤ 1%. Comparison between DYMIND DH76 and SYSMEX XN 1000 was also very good with correlation coefficients (R2) for WBC (1.000), RBC (0.999), hemoglobin (0.999) and PLT over 50×10⁹/L (0.994) and R2 was lower but still acceptable (0.910) for PLT<50×10⁹/L. R2 for neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes were 0.974, 0.982, 0.957, 0.625, and 0.836, respectively, in the comparison between the manual and DYMIND DH76 automated differential WBC counts.ConclusionsWith excellent analytical performance and acceptable comparative analysis, DYMIND DH76 hematology analyser covered the predefined international standards and requirements and is fully appropriate for clinical application.     

Effects of granulocyte depletion on pulmonary responsiveness to aerosol histamine

The effects of granulocyte depletion with hydroxyurea on pulmonary responsiveness to aerosol histamine were studied in 10 chronically instrumented unanesthetized sheep. Sheep were studied when granulocyte counts were normal (B), after 3 days of hydroxyurea but before granulocyte counts had dropped below 700 cells/mm3 (H), and after granulocyte counts had fallen below 200 cells/mm3 (D). Hydroxyurea itself had no effect on aerosol histamine responsiveness and the results were unaffected by the order of experimentation. All 10 sheep were less responsive (P less than 0.05) to aerosol histamine when granulocyte depleted effective dose of histamine that caused a reduction to 65% of control dynamic compliance (ED65Cdyn = 23.98 +/- 4.70 mg/ml) compared with base line (ED65Cdyn = 7.06 +/- 1.86 mg/ml). Those sheep initially most responsive to aerosol histamine had the greatest attenuation in their airway responsiveness to aerosol histamine (P less than 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between absolute granulocyte counts in peripheral blood and pulmonary responsiveness to aerosol histamine during base-line (B) condition (r = -0.74, P less than 0.05) and for the data as a whole [r = -0.69, P less than 0.05 (B + H + D)]. Circulating granulocytes and/or pulmonary inflammation may contribute to pulmonary responsiveness to bronchial challenge.     

圈养华南虎钩端螺旋体感染情况调查

钩端螺旋体病(Leptospirosis)为致病性钩端螺旋体引起的人畜共患传染病,在世界范围内分布(Levett,2001),可感染鼠科、猴科和犬科等多种动物(Desvars et al.,2012).人或动物通过接触带菌动物的粪便、尿液污染的水和土壤而感染(娄银莹等,2019),可造成黄疸、急性肾功能衰竭、出血性素质...