SYNARTHROPHYTON,A NEW GENUS OF CORALLINACEAE (CRYPTONEMIALES,RHODOPHYTA) FROM THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE1

Synarthrophyton gen. nov. is described based on southern Australian material of Melobesia patena Hooker fils & Harvey, which shows features intermediate between Mesophyllum Lemoine and Lithothamnium Philippi. It has the thin-walled rounded epithallial cells and coaxial hypothallium characteristic of Mesophyllum and the type of procarp and male structures common to Lithothamnium. Synarthrophyton is unique within the subfamily Melobesioideae (J. E. Areschoug) Yendo because it displays secondary pit connections. Details of the vegetative and reproductive morphology of S. patena (Hooker fils. & Harvey) comb. nov. are given and its taxonomic position in the Corallinaceae Lamouroux discussed.     

MORPHOLOGY OF PLACENTOPHORA (SOLIERIACEAE,GIGARTINALES: RHODOPHYTA), A NEW GENUS BASED ON SARCODIOTHECA COLENSOI FROM NEW ZEALAND1

The only member of the red algal family Solieriaceae known from New Zealand is the endemic Sarcodiotheca colensoi (Hook. & Harv.) Kylin. This study shows that it differs in several respects from the type S. furcata (Setch. & Gard.) Kylin; thus a new genus Placentophora is created for the New Zealand alga. Although P. colensoi nov. comb. is retained in the Solieriaceae on the basis of vegetative, spermatangial, tetrasporangial, carpogonial-branch and early gonimoblast features, it differs from typical members of that family in its pattern of later carposporophyte development. After a single gonimoblast initial is cut off from the auxiliary cell towards the center of the thallus, further gonimoblasts develop from the initial as ramifying, radiating filaments. These filaments enter an extensive “nutritive-cell” region surrounding the auxiliary cell, form, numerous connections to the “nutritive” cells, and incorporate most of them into a central placenta of interconnected, and variously-fused vegetative and gonimoblast cells. Carpo-sporangia then form in short chains around the periphery of the placenta. The cystocarp lacks both a central fusion cell and a sterile-celled investment, or “Faserhülle.” The distinctive carposporophyte of Placentophora is compared to patterns of gonimoblast development, known in other members of the Solieriaceae.     

云南省蚱科一新属新种(直翅目:蚱科)

本文报道蚱科一新属一新种。新属,微翅蚱属Alulatettix gen nov.的主要特征是前胸背板强烈隆起呈屋脊形,前胸背板侧片后缘具二凹陷,前、后翅甚微小。其模式种为云南微翅蚱Alulatettix yunnanensis sp.nov.     

ASTEROMENIA (RHODYMENIACEAE,RHODYMENIALES), A NEW RED ALGAL GENUS BASED ON FAUCHEA PELTATA1

Asteromenia gen. nov. (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) is proposed with a single species, Asteromenia peltata (W. R. Taylor) comb. nov. (basionym: Fauchea peltata W. R. Taylor). Thalli of the proposed new genus are stipitate with dorsiventral, peltate blades that are initially circular in shape but with age become stellate with ligulate arms. Internally, the blades have a polystromatic medulla of large, hyaline cells, grading into a cortex of smaller, pigmented cells. Clusters of translucent cells occur on the dorsal surface of the blade. Tetrasporangia are formed by transformations of intercalary midcortical cells. Mature tetrasporangia have cruciately arranged spores and are densely aggregated in the cortex, mostly on the ventral surface, but occasional tetrasporangia also arise on the dorsal surface. Carpogonial branches are four-celled and arise on inner cortical cells. Auxiliary cells are borne on auxiliary mother cells attached to supporting cells of the carpogonial branches. Cystocarps are protuberant, with well-developed, ostiolate pericarps that often have extended, proboscis-like necks. The new genus differs from the previously described peltate or dorsiventral taxa in the Rhodymeniaceae by its polystromatic medulla (Maripelta and Sciadophycus have a monostromatic medulla), intercalary tetrasporangia formed in an unmodified cortex, and four-celled carpogonial branches (Halichrysis, as typified by H. depressa (J. Agardh) F. Schmitz, has terminal tetrasporangia in nemathecia and three-celled carpogonial branches).     

革螨一新属新种及一新科的建立(蜱螨亚纲:革螨股)

在云南陇川县的蜣螂体上采得一种革螨系未曾描述过的新种,并为之建立新科与新属,用其颚角呈球形膨大及躯体角化较深的特征命名。球革螨科新科Bulbogamasidae fam.nov.的主要特征:叉毛三叉,其侧具一拇指状薄膜;颚角呈球形膨大,角化弱;头盖前缘光滑;雄螨足11具强大的距状表皮突。球革螨属新属Bulbogamasus gen.nov.的主要特征:背板整块;背毛26对,板周围的长大,中部的细小;胸叉叉丝末端具刺状突,小分支端部有的分叉;雌螨具腹肛板与肛前毛;雄螨导精趾粗长,超过螯钳长的2倍以上。模式种为中华球革螨新种Bulbogamasus sinicus sp.nov.     

CORRECTION OF THE NAME PSEUDOTETRAÉDRON POLYMORPHUM (CHLOROPHYCEAE)1

A unicellular chlorococcalean alga, Pseudotetraëdron polymorphum MacEntee, Bold & Archibald is renamed Chlorotetratëdron polymorphum (MacEntee, Bold & Archibald) MacEntee, Bold & Archibald became the former generic designation has been preempted by a xanthophycean alga.     

华西萤叶甲之一新属(鞘翅目:叶甲科)

本文记述的萤叶甲亚科新属外表颇似跳甲亚科的丝跳甲属Hespera,故名丝萤叶甲属Pseudespera。共有四个新种,其中两个采自湖北神农架林区,两个采自川西、滇北等地。新种模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所。     

微绒螨亚科一新属新种：蜱螨亚纲：绒螨科

木文记述微绒螨亚科一新属新种,正模♀,副模2♀♀采自上海土表杂质,保存于上海复旦大学生物系。     

TAXONOMIC STUDY OF TWO NEW GENERA OF FUSIFORM GREEN FLAGELLATES,TABRIS GEN. NOV. AND HAMAKKO GEN. NOV. (VOLVOCALES,CHLOROPHYCEAE)1

On the basis of LM, we isolated strains of two species of fusiform green flagellates that could be assigned to former Chlorogonium (Cg.) Ehrenb. One species, “Cg.”heimii Bourr., lacked a pyrenoid in its vegetative cells and required organic compounds for growth. The other was similar to Cg. elongatum (P. A. Dang.) Francé and “Cg.”acus Nayal, but with slightly smaller vegetative cells. Their molecular phylogeny was also studied based on combined 18S rRNA, RUBISCO LSU (rbcL), and P700 chl a‐apoprotein A2 (psaB) gene sequences. Both species were separated from Chlorogonium emend., Gungnir Nakada and Rusalka Nakada, which were formerly assigned to Chlorogonium. They were accordingly assigned to new genera, Tabris Nakada gen. nov. and Hamakko (Hk.) Nakada gen. nov. as T. heimii (Bourr.) Nakada comb. nov. and Hk. caudatus Nakada sp. nov., respectively. Tabris is differentiated from other genera of fusiform green flagellates by its vegetative cells, which only have two apical contractile vacuoles and lack a pyrenoid in the chloroplast. Hamakko, on the other hand, is distinguishable by the fact that its pyrenoids in vegetative cells are penetrated by flattened thylakoid lamellae.     

小黑螨科一新属新种（蜱螨亚纲：辐螨亚目）

建立了小黑螨科一新属：华颚螨属Ｓｉｎｏｇｎａｔｈｕｓ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．;描述了模式种：王氏华颚螨Ｓ．ｗａｎｇａｅ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,并列出了该科分属检索表。     

中国食蚜蝇科—新属新种(英文)

本文记述了中国食蚜蝇科Syrphidae、管蚜蝇亚科Eristalinae、管蚜蝇族Eristalini的一新属:艳管蚜蝇属Pseudomeromacrus gen.nov.和新种 刺茎艳管蚜蝇Pseudomeromacrus setipenitus Li,sp.nov.模式标本保存于华南农业大学植保系昆虫标本室。     

中国中三叠世龙蝎蛉新科的发现(昆虫纲,长翅目)

记述龙蝎蛉新科Drakonochoristidae fam. nov.和1新亚科及其2新属、种和1个老亚科。2新属种的化石标本采自中国陕西铜川中三叠统铜川组下段上部的灰绿色泥岩和页岩。新科性质及其分类位置在文中进行讨论。新科的建立填补这个类群在中国的空白,同时对于小蝎蛉科Nannochoristidae和二叠蝎蛉科Permochoristidae的演化关系的研究有一定的意义。这些新属、种系陕西昆虫群(陕西生物群的一个类别)铜川昆虫组合的新成员。铜川组的时代相当于欧洲拉丁尼期(Ladinian Stage)。     

叶刺瘿螨亚科一新属三新种：真螨目：瘿螨科

新属为新诺尔瘿螨属Neoknorella Kuang et Feng,gen.nov.三新种是竹新诺尔瘿螨Neoknorella bambusae sp.nov.,竹裂柄瘿螨 Dichopelmus bambusae sp.nov.和樟无伪足瘿Anothopoda cinnamomi sp.nov.,它们均营自由生活。     

AUGOPHYLLUM,A NEW GENUS OF THE DELESSERIACEAE (RHODOPHYTA) BASED ON rbcL SEQUENCE ANALYSIS AND CYSTOCARP DEVELOPMENT1

A new genus, Augophyllum Lin, Fredericq et Hommersand gen. nov. related to Nitophyllum, tribe Nitophylleae, subfam. Nitophylloideae of the Delesseriaceae, is established to contain the type species Augophyllum wysorii Lin, Fredericq et Hommersand sp. nov. from Caribbean Panama; Augophyllum kentingii Lin, Fredericq et Hommersand sp. nov. from Taiwan; Augophyllum marginifructum (R. E. Norris et Wynne) Lin, Fredericq et Hommersand comb. nov. (Myriogramme marginifructa R. E. Norris et Wynne 1987) from South Africa, Tanzania, and the Sultanate of Oman; and Augophyllum delicatum (Millar) Lin, Fredericq et Hommersand comb. nov. (Nitophyllum delicatum Millar 1990 ) from southeastern Australia. Like Nitophyllum, Augophyllum is characterized by a diffuse meristematic region, the absence of macro‐ and microscopic veins, procarps consisting of a supporting cell bearing a slightly curved four‐celled carpogonial branch flanked laterally by a cover cell and a sterile cell, a branched multicellular sterile group after fertilization, absence of cell fusions between gonimoblast cells, and tetrasporangia transformed from multinucleate surface cells. Augophyllum differs from Nitophyllum by the blades becoming polystromatic inside the margins, often with a stipitate cylindrical base, the possession of aggregated discoid plastids neither linked by fine strands nor forming bead‐like branched chains, spermatangia and procarps initiated at the margins of blades, not diffuse, and a cystocarp composed of densely branched gonimoblast filaments borne on a conspicuous persistent auxiliary cell with an enlarged nucleus. Analyses of the rbcL gene support the separation of Augophyllum from Nitophyllum. An investigation of species attributed to Nitophyllum around the world is expected to reveal other taxa referable to Augophyllum.     

A NEW HOMOTHALLIC VARIETY OF CHLAMYDOMONAS MOEWUSH (CHLOROPHYCEAE)1

A new homothallic variety of Chlamydomonas moewusii Gerloff var. monoica is described. When first isolated, the alga exhibited a very strong mating reaction (80–90% zygotes on 2 wk BBM agar slants), but after 2 mo in axenic culture, the reaction was significantly reduced in intensity. Attempts were made to restore the initial mating intensity by varying environmental conditions, but met with limited success. The alga did not grow heterotrophically in carbon-supplemented BBM medium.     

云南省厉螨科一新属新种（蜱螨亚纲：革螨股）

在云南陇川县的蟋蟀Gryllus sp.体上采得一种革螨,系厉螨科Ltelapidae Berlese中未曾描述过的种类,并为之建立新属,订名为滇厉螨属Dianolaelaps gen.nov.,属模标本为蟋蟀滇厉螨Dianolaelaps gryllus sp.nov.。新属的主要鉴别特征是:雌螨螯钳动趾端部分三叉;颚角内侧有沟漕并具齿突;口下片末端,在颚角与下咽间有长圆形结构,其内缘并具透明的尖齿列;涎针有膜状结构包绕;足Ⅰ—Ⅲ基节各具一棘,各基节远端侧具细小毛列。     

枝腺科一新亚科、新属及三新种(吸虫纲:枝腺科)

本文报道作者近年来在江西鸟类和哺乳类所采集的枝腺科吸虫中的三新种,包括一新亚科和新届的建立。卷尾卵形吸虫,新种Cladorchis dicruris sp.nov.寄生于鸟类灰卷尾Dicrurs leucophaeusVieillot的肠道外壁结缔组织囊内,据其形态特征,建立了枝睾属,新属Cladorchis gen.nov.和枝睾亚科,新亚枓Cladorchiinae subf.nov.,同时对枝腺科各亚科检索表进行了补充。巨睪副囊吸虫,新种Parabascus macrorchis sp.nov.见于安氏棕蝠Eptesicus andersoni的小肠肉;平睾坚囊吸虫,新种Pycnoporus(Pycnoporus)parallelorchis sp.nov.见于折翼蝠Miniopterus schrcibersii的小肠内。     

秆蝇科一新属及四新种（双翅目：无瓣蝇类）

本文记述了双翅目秆蝇科1新属4个新种。     

中国蟾蜍科一新属

对世界蟾蜍科动物的分类现状做了概述,并对我国原定名为鳞皮游蟾Nectophryne scalptus Liu and Hu(1973)及叶昌嫒等(1978)将其改为鳞皮厚蹼蟾Pelophryne scalptus(Frost,1985订正种名为scalpta)的海南标本做了进一步研究,与现有蟾蜍科各属、特别是与东南亚地区的几个特有属的特征做了对比研究。结果表明：原定名为鳞皮游蟾Nectophryne scalptus的海南标本应代表一个新属即小蟾属Parapelophryne gen．nov．,因此原定名为鳞皮游蟾(或鳞皮厚蹼蟾)的标本为新属的成员,即种名应改为鳞皮小蟾Parapelophryne scalpta(Liu and Hu)。     

美绥螨科一新属新种记述（蜱螨亚纲：革螨股）

本文记述美绥螨科Ａｍｅｒｏｓｅｉｉｄａｅ一新属、新种,叶华绥螨Ｓｉｎｏｓｅｉｕｓ ｌｏｂａｔｕｓ Ｂａｉ ｅｔＧｕ,ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,其主要形态特征无法归入美绥螨科诸属中,故建立华绥螨属,新属Ｓｉｎｏｓｅｉｕｓ Ｂａｉ ｅｔ Ｇｕ,ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．,模式标本采自宁夏海原县的长尾仓鼠体上,保存于宁夏回族自治区地方病防治所。