Retracted: Long noncoding LINC01551 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation,migration, and invasion by acting as a competing endogenous RNA of microRNA-122-5p to regulate ADAM10 expression

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a severe disease with high mortality in the world. It has been shown that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) might play a role in HCC. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of long intergenic noncoding RNA 01551 (LINC01551) in the HCC development and explore the underlying mechanism of LINC01551/miR-122-5p/ADAM10 axis. The differentially expressed lncRNAs associated with HCC were screened out by a microarray analysis. The expression of LINC01551, miR-122-5p, and ADAM10 was determined in HCC tissues and cells. The potential miRNA (miR-122-5p) regulated by LINC01551 was explored, and the target relationship between miR-122-5p and ADAM10 was confirmed. To evaluate the effect of LINC01551 and miR-122-5p on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of HCC, different plasmids were delivered into MHCC97-H cells. High expression of LINC01551 and ADAM10 yet low-expression of miR-122-5p were revealed in HCC tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-122-5p could downregulate ADAM10. Biological prediction websites and fluorescence in situ hybridization assay verified that LINC01551 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm. Silencing LINC01551 reduced HCC cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle entry yet induce cell apoptosis. Upregulation of LINC01551 increased its ability of competitively binding to miR-122-5p, thus reducing miR-122-5p and upregulating ADAM10 expression, as well as promoting the proliferative, migrative, and invasive ability. Taken together the results, it is highly possible that LINC01551 functions as an competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate the miRNA target ADAM10 by sponging miR-122-5p and therefore promotes the development of HCC, highlighting a promising competitive new target for the HCC treatment.     

Allicin suppresses growth and metastasis of gastric carcinoma: the key role of microRNA-383-5p-mediated inhibition of ERBB4 signaling

ABSTRACT

Allicin is a natural product suppressing the progression of gastric carcinoma (GC). In the current study, the mechanism underlying the anti-GC effect of allicin was explored by focusing on the role of miR-383-5p/ERBB4 signaling. Two GC cell lines were treated with allicin and the effects on viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and miR-383-5p/ERBB4 activity in the cells were assessed. The interaction between allicin and miR-383-5p was further explored by inhibiting the miR-383-5p level. Allicin suppressed cell viability and induced apoptosis in both GC cell lines. The compound also inhibited migration and invasion of GC cells, which was associated with the up-regulation miR-383-5p and down-regulation of ERBB4. The inhibition of miR-383-5p by specific inhibitor blocked the anti-GC effect of allicin. Our results demonstrated that allicin contributed to the suppressed growth and metastasis potentials in GC cell lines. The effect was accompanied by an increased level of miR-383-5p and subsequent inhibition of ERBB4.     

EphA8 acts as an oncogene and contributes to poor prognosis in gastric cancer via regulation of ADAM10

EphA8 is a member of the erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor (Eph) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Ephs and their ephrins ligands play crucial roles in many cellular processed by mediating intracellular signaling resulting from cell–cell interactions. But the underlying mechanisms of EphA8 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclearly. 298 clinical specimens in tissues microarray, and was found to be significantly higher in GC tissues compared with nontumor tissues (p < 0.001). EphA8 expression was also strongly associated with differentiation level (p = 0.025), tumor-node-metastasis stage (p = 0.019), and poor 5 years survival (p < 0.001). A panel of GC cell lines showed reduced proliferation, invasion, and migration capacities after RNA-mediated knockdown of EphA8, concomitant with downregulation of the proliferation-related proteins (cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cyclin-dependent kinase 4) and the metastasis-related (matrix metalloproteinases MMP2, and MMP9). EphA8 knockdown also decreased expression of the protease ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10) and ADAM10-related protein AKT, suggesting an interaction between EphA8 and ADAM10. In conclusion, we found that EphA8, which is highly expressed in GC tissues, stimulates proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells, and is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis of GC. These dates suggest that EphA8 could be new diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets for GC.     

miR-140-5p is negatively correlated with proliferation,invasion, and tumorigenesis in malignant melanoma by targeting SOX4 via the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB cascades

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been validated as critical regulators in the development of melanoma. miR-140 was abnormally downregulated in uveal melanoma samples. However, the expression level and roles of miR-140-5p remain unclear in melanoma for now. We speculate that miR-140-5p is abnormally expressed and may play an important role in melanoma. The expressions of miR-140-5p and SOX4 messenger RNA were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Western blot assays were employed to detect the expression levels of SOX4, Ki67, MMP-2, MMP-7, p-β-catenin, c-Myc, cyclin D1, p65, and IκBα. Luciferase reporter assays were employed to elucidate the interaction between SOX4 and miR-140-5p. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) and transwell invasion assays were applied to evaluate capabilities of cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. Xenograft models of melanoma were established to verify the role and molecular basis of miR-140-5p. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were employed to measure the Ki67 and SOX4 at the protein level in xenografted melanoma tissues. Herein, these observations showed that, miR-140-5p was abnormally downregulated in melanoma tissues and cells, while SOX4 was upregulated. miR-140-5p directly targeted SOX4 and inhibited its expression in melanoma cells. miR-140-5p overexpression repressed melanoma cell proliferation and invasion and its effects were partially restored SOX4 overexpression. Moreover, miR-140-5p hindered melanoma growth in vivo by downregulating SOX4. Mechanistically, miR-140-5p suppressed activation of the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways by targeting SOX4. Our study concluded that miR-140-5p hindered cell proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis by targeting SOX4 via inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB signaling pathways in malignant melanoma, which provides an underlying molecular mechanism for the treatment for melanoma with miRNAs.     

lncRNA RPSAP52 induced the development of tongue squamous cell carcinomas via miR-423-5p/MYBL2

Growing lncRNAs have been noted to involve in the initiation and development of several tumours including tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCCs). However, the biological role and mechanism of lncRNA RPSAP52 were not well-explained. We indicated that RPSAP52 was higher in TSCC samples compared with that in control samples. The higher expression of RPSAP52 was positively correlated with higher T stage and TNM stage. Ectopic expression of RPSAP52 induced TSCC cell growth and cycle and induced cytokine secretion including IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TGF-β. We found that the overexpression of RPSAP52 suppressed miR-423-5p expression in SCC-4 cell. miR-423-5p was lower in TSCC samples compared with that in control samples, and miR-423-5p level was negatively correlated with higher T stage and TNM stage. Pearson's correlation indicated that miR-423-5p was negatively associated with that of RPSAP52 in TSCC tissues. Furthermore, MYBL2 was one direct gene of miR-423-5p and elevated expression of miR-423-5p suppressed MYBL2 expression and ectopic expression of RPSAP52 increased MYBL2 expression in SCC-4 cell. Finally, we illustrated that RPSAP52 overexpression promoted TSCC cell growth and cycle and induced cytokine secretion including IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TGF-β via modulating MYBL2. These data provided new insight into RPSAP52, which may be one potential treatment target for TSCC.     

MicroRNA-10b Promotes Migration and Invasion through KLF4 in Human Esophageal Cancer Cell Lines

Recently, microRNAs have emerged as regulators of cancer metastasis through acting on multiple signaling pathways involved in metastasis. In this study, we have analyzed the level of miR-10b and cell motility and invasiveness in several human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Our results reveal a significant correlation of miR-10b level with cell motility and invasiveness. Overexpression of miR-10b in KYSE140 cells increased cell motility and invasiveness, whereas inhibition of miR-10b in EC9706 cells reduced cell invasiveness, although it did not alter cell motility. Additionally, we identified KLF4, a known tumor suppressor gene that has been reported to suppress esophageal cancer cell migration and invasion, as a direct target of miR-10b. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-10b in KYSE140 and KYSE450 cells led to a reduction of endogenous KLF4 protein, whereas silencing of miR-10b in EC9706 cells caused up-regulation of KLF4 protein. Coexpression of miR-10b and KLF4 in KYSE140 cells and coexpression of small interfering RNA for KLF4 mRNA and miR-10b-AS in EC9706 cells partially abrogated the effect of miR-10b on cell migration and invasion. Finally, analyses of the miR-10b level in 40 human esophageal cancer samples and their paired normal adjacent tissues revealed an elevated expression of miR-10b in 95% (38 of 40) of cancer tissues, although no significant correlation of the miR-10b level with clinical metastasis status was observed in these samples.     

IL-1β promotes hypoxic vascular endothelial cell proliferation through the miR-24-3p/NKAP/NF-κB axis

Purpose: Our previous data indicated that miR-24-3p is involved in the regulation of vascular endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and migration/invasion. However, whether IL-1β affects hypoxic HUVECs by miR-24-3p is still unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in hypoxic HUVECs.Methods: We assessed the mRNA expression levels of miR-24-3p, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1A) and NF-κB-activating protein (NKAP) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). ELISA measured the expression level of IL-1β. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays evaluated the effect of miR-24-3p or si-NKAP+miR-24 on cell proliferation (with or without IL-1β). Transwell migration and invasion assays were used to examine the effects of miR-24-3p or si-NKAP+miR-24-3p on cell migration and invasion (with or without IL-1β). Luciferase reporter assays were used to identify the target of miR-24-3p.Results: We demonstrated that in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patient blood samples, the expression of miR-24-3p is down-regulated, the expression of IL-1β or NKAP is up-regulated, and IL-1β or NKAP is negatively correlated with miR-24-3p. Furthermore, IL-1β promotes hypoxic HUVECs proliferation by down-regulating miR-24-3p. In addition, IL-1β also significantly promotes the migration and invasion of hypoxic HUVECs; overexpression of miR-24-3p can partially rescue hypoxic HUVECs migration and invasion. Furthermore, we discovered that NKAP is a novel target of miR-24-3p in hypoxic HUVECs. Moreover, both the overexpression of miR-24-3p and the suppression of NKAP can inhibit the NF-κB/pro-IL-1β signaling pathway. However, IL-1β mediates suppression of miR-24-3p activity, leading to activation of the NKAP/NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, our results reveal a new function of IL-1β in suppressing miR-24-3p up-regulation of the NKAP/NF-κB pathway.     

MicroRNA-152 targets ADAM17 to suppress NSCLC progression

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that have been suggested to play an essential role in tumorigenesis. In this study, we show that miR-152 is significantly downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cell lines. Restoration of miR-152 significantly reduces proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. In addition, ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17) is identified as a target of miR-152 in NSCLC cells, and miR-152-induced suppression of cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion is partially mediated by silencing of ADAM17 expression. Furthermore, ADAM17 inversely correlates with miR-152 in NSCLC tissues. Collectively, our findings indicate that miR-152 acts as tumor suppressor in NSCLC partially via targeting ADAM17.     

microRNA-33-3p involved in selenium deficiency-induced apoptosis via targeting ADAM10 in the chicken kidney

Selenium (Se) deficiency induces typical clinical and pathological changes and causes various pathological responses at the molecular level in several different chicken organs; the kidney is one of the target organs of Se deficiency. To explore the mechanisms that underlie the effects of microRNA-33-3p (miR-33-3p) on Se deficiency-induced kidney apoptosis, 60 chickens were randomly divided into two groups (30 chickens per group). We found that Se deficiency increased the expression of miR-33-3p in the chicken kidney. A disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 10 (ADAM10) was verified to be a target of miR-33-3p in the chicken kidney. The overexpression of miR-33-3p decreased the expression levels of β-catenin, cyclinD1, T-cell factor (TCF), c-myc, survivin, and Bcl-2; it increased the expression levels of E-cadherin, Bak, Bax, and caspase-3; and it increased the number of chicken kidney cells in the G0/G1 phase. In addition, Se deficiency caused the ultrastructure of the kidney to develop apoptotic characteristics. The results of flow cytometry analysis and AO/EB staining showed that the number of apoptotic chicken kidney cells increased in the miR-33-3p mimic group. All these results suggest that Se deficiency-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vivo and in vitro in the chicken kidney via the regulation of miR-33-3p, which targets ADAM10.     

EGF promotes the shedding of soluble E-cadherin in an ADAM10-dependent manner in prostate epithelial cells

During the progression of prostate cancer, the epithelial adhesion molecule E-cadherin is cleaved from the cell surface by ADAM15 proteolytic processing, generating an extracellular 80 kDa fragment referred to as soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad). Contrary to observations in cancer, the generation of sE-cad appears to correlate with ADAM10 activity in benign prostatic epithelium. The ADAM10-specific inhibitor INCB8765 and the ADAM10 prodomain inhibit the generation of sE-cad, as well as downstream signaling and cell proliferation. Addition of EGF or amphiregulin (AREG) to these untransformed cell lines increases the amount of sE-cad shed into the conditioned media, as well as sE-cad bound to EGFR. EGF-associated shedding appears to be mediated by ADAM10 as shRNA knockdown of ADAM10 results in reduced shedding of sE-cad. To examine the physiologic role of sE-cad on benign prostatic epithelium, we treated BPH-1 and large T immortalized prostate epithelial cells (PrEC) with an sE-cad chimera comprised of the human Fc domain of IgG₁, fused to the extracellular domains of E-cadherin (Fc-Ecad). The treatment of untransformed prostate epithelial cells with Fc-Ecad resulted in phosphorylation of EGFR and downstream signaling through ERK and increased cell proliferation. Pre-treating BPH-1 and PrEC cells with cetuximab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody against EGFR, decreased the ability of Fc-Ecad to induce EGFR phosphorylation, downstream signaling, and proliferation. These data suggest that ADAM10-generated sE-cad may have a role in EGFR signaling independent of traditional EGFR ligands.     

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8 induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition to promote the invasion of colon cancer cells via TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8 (ADAM8) protein is a multi‐domain transmembrane glycoprotein which involves in extracellular matrix remodelling, cell adhesion, invasion and migration. ADAM8 and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) play an important role in tumour invasion has been well established. However, the interaction between ADAM8 and EMT has remained unclear. The data of colon cancer patients obtained from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GTEx (Genotype‐Tissue Expression Project) were analysed by the bioinformatics research method. The expression of ADAM8 in colon cancer cells was up‐regulated and down‐regulated by transfecting with the expression plasmid and small interfering RNA, respectively. Transwell invasion assay, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, Western blotting and qRT‐PCR were utilized to study the effect of ADAM8 on colon cancer cell''s EMT and its related mechanisms. Analysis of TCGA and GTEx data revealed that ADAM8 was linked to poor overall survival in colon cancer patients. Besides, ADAM8 was correlated with multiple EMT biomarkers (E‐cadherin, N‐cadherin, Vimentin, Snail2 and ZEB2). In vitro, we also proved that the up‐regulation of ADAM8 could promote EMT effect and enhance the invasive ability of colon cancer cells. On the contrary, the down‐regulation of ADAM8 in colon cancer cells attenuated these effects above. Further studies suggested that ADAM8 modulated EMT on colon cancer cells through TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. Our research suggested that ADAM8 could be a potential biomarker for the prognosis of colon cancer and induced EMT to promote the invasion of colon cancer cells via activating TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway.     

An improved fluorescent substrate for assaying soluble and membrane-associated ADAM family member activities

A fluorescent resonance energy transfer substrate with improved sensitivity for ADAM17, −10, and −9 (where ADAM represents a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) has been designed. The new substrate, Dabcyl-Pro-Arg-Ala-Ala-Ala-Homophe-Thr-Ser-Pro-Lys(FAM)-NH₂, has specificity constants of 6.3 (±0.3) × 10⁴ M⁻¹ s⁻¹ and 2.4 (±0.3) × 10³ M⁻¹ s⁻¹ for ADAM17 and ADAM10, respectively. The substrate is more sensitive than widely used peptides based on the precursor tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) cleavage site, PEPDAB010 or Dabcyl-Ser-Pro-Leu-Ala-Gln-Ala-Val-Arg-Ser-Ser-Lys(FAM)-NH₂ and Mca-Pro-Leu-Ala-Gln-Ala-Val-Dpa-Arg-Ser-Ser-Arg-NH₂. ADAM9 also processes the new peptide more than 18-fold better than the TNF-alpha-based substrates. The new substrate has a unique selectivity profile because it is processed less efficiently by ADAM8 and MMP1, −2, −3, −8, −9, −12, and −14. This substrate provides a unique tool in which to assess ADAM17, −10, and −9 activities.     

LncRNA MEG3 negatively modified osteosarcoma development through regulation of miR-361-5p and FoxM1

This study was aimed to figure out whether long noncoding RNA MEG3/miR-361-5p/FoxM1 signaling would contribute to improved proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. We altogether collected 204 pairs of osteosarcoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues, and obtained four human osteosarcoma cell lines. Then pcDNA3.1-MEG3, si-MEG3, miR-361-5p mimic, miR-361-5p inhibitor, pcDNA3.1-FoxM1, si-FoxM1, and negative control (NC) were, respectively, transfected into the osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, real time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to determine the mRNA expressions of maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) and miR-361-5p, and western blot analysis was applied for determining the FoxM1 expression. Besides, dual luciferase reporter gene assay was adopted to verify if MEG3 can be directly targeted by miR-361-5p. Finally, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were conducted to investigate the influence of MEG3, miR-361-5p, and FoxM1 expressions on the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. MEG3 and miR-361-5p were observed to be significantly downregulated within both osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, whereas FoxM1 was upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines (p < 0.05). MEG3 directly bound to miR-361-5p, and significantly upgraded its expression (p < 0.05). The upregulated MEG3 and miR-361-5p or the downregulated FoxM1 appeared to substantially inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells (p < 0.05). Finally, the proliferation, migration, invasion, and motility of osteosarcoma cells within the miR-NC + pcDNA3.1-FoxM1 group and pcDNA + pcDNA-FoxM1 group were markedly promoted when compared with the miR-361-5p mimic group and pcDNA3.1-MEG3 group (p < 0.05). The MEG3/miR-361-5p/FoxM1 axis could potentially serve as therapeutic targets or diagnostic biomarkers for osteosarcoma.     

LncRNA PDCD4-AS1 alleviates triple negative breast cancer by increasing expression of IQGAP2 via miR-10b-5p

ObjectiveMounting evidence demonstrates that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is dysregulated in breast cancers. This study was designed to detect the influences and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA PDCD4-AS1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsqRT-PCR and Western blot were utilized to investigate the expression levels of PDCD4-AS1, miR-10b-5p and IQGAP2 in TNBC tissues and cells. Online software and luciferase reporter gene system were employed to testify the interactions among these molecules. Loss and gain of function of PDCD4-AS1, miR-10b-5p or IQGAP2 were performed before MTT and colony formation assay, TUNEL staining in addition to Transwell and scratch assays were applied to measure the cell biological functions.ResultsIn this work, PDCD4-AS1 and IQGAP2 were lowly expressed while miR-10b-5p was strongly expressed in TNBC tissues and cells. PDCD4-AS1 or IQGAP2 overexpression effectively attenuated TNBC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased the apoptosis rate, while this effect was abandoned in response to miR-10b-5p mimics transfection. miR-10b-5p bound to IQGAP2 and acted as a downstream target of PDCD4-AS1.ConclusionOur findings identified lncRNA PDCD4-AS1 as a tumor suppressor in TNBC by regulating IQGAP2 expression via miR-10b-5p, giving a novel insight into the regulatory mechanism of PDCD4-AS1 in the pathogenesis of TNBC.     

Downregulation of circDYNC1H1 exhibits inhibitor effect on cell proliferation and migration in hepatocellular carcinoma through miR-140-5p

Circular RNAs have been found to be aberrantly expressed in tumors and their significance in tumorigenesis has been focused on. The role of circDYNC1H1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis and its relationship with miR-140-5p were explored. The expression of circDYNC1H1, miR-140-5p, and SULT2B1 in HCC tissues and cells was measured, and Pearson's analysis was used to analyze their expression correlation. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and Transwell assays were performed to determine cell proliferation and migration. Binding between circDYNC1H1 and miR-140-5p was evaluated with RNA pull-down assay. A luciferase reporter assay was conducted to assess the interaction between circDYNC1H1 and miR-140-5p and between miR-140-5p and SULT2B1. circDYNC1H1 was highly expressed in HCC tissues (n = 20), and it was negatively associated with the expression of miR-140-5p but positively correlated with SULT2B1 messenger RNA expression. circDYNC1H1 was upregulated in cell lines of HCC. Interference of circDYNC1H1 suppressed cell proliferation and migration of HCC. circDYNC1H1 acted as a sponge of miR-140-5p. miR-140-5p controlled SULT2B1 expression by targeting its 3′-untranslated region. circDYNC1H1 enhanced SULT2B1 expression via sponging miR-140-5p. Downregulation of circDYNC1H1 disturbed cell proliferation and migration of HCC through miR-140-5p/SULT2B1 pathway. Silencing of circDYNC1H1 delayed tumor growth in HCC mouse model. Acting like a sponge of miR-140-5p, silenced circDYNC1H1 downregulated SULT2B1 to restrain HCC cell proliferation and migration, which is adverse to HCC growth and progression.     

Retracted: CRNDE promotes cell tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell growth and invasion through suppressing miR-384

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer and is an aggressive head and neck malignancy. Increasing studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in diverse biological cell processes, such as cell development, fate decisions, cell differentiation, cell migration, and invasion. In our study, we showed that long noncoding RNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) expression was upregulated in TSCC cell lines and tissues. Overexpression of CRNDE increased the TSCC cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell invasion. Moreover, ectopic expression of CRNDE inhibited the miR-384 expression in the SCC1 cell and increased the Kirsten Ras (KRAS), cell division cycle 42, and insulin receptor substrate 1 expression, which were the direct target genes of miR-384. We demonstrated that the miR-384 expression was downregulated in the TSCC samples compared with the paired adjacent nontumor samples. The expression of CRNDE was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-384 in the TSCC samples. Overexpression of miR-384 suppressed TSCC cell proliferation, cell cycle, and invasion. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CRNDE promoted TSCC cell proliferation and invasion through inhibiting miR-384 expression. These results suggested that CRNDE acts as an oncogene in the development of TSCC, which partially occurs through inhibiting miR-384 expression.