中国二叉鼓翅蝇属(双翅目,鼓翅蝇科)五新纪录种

记述了采自中国云南和贵州的二叉鼓翅蝇属Dicranosepsis Duda,1926中国5新纪录种,并给出了中国大陆二叉鼓翅蝇属的分种检索表。研究标本保存于扬州大学应用昆虫研究所标本室。     

陕西省尖翅蝇属二新种记述(双翅目,尖翅蝇科)

记述了陕西省尖翅蝇科Lonchopteridae尖翅蝇属Lonchoptera Meigen两新种,即指形尖翅蝇Lonchoptera digitata sp.nov.和陕西尖翅蝇L.shaanxiensis sp.nov.,并讨论了它们与近缘种的区别。模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆。     

中国尖翅蝇属二新种及一新记录种记述(双翅目:尖翅蝇科)

记述采自中国北方尖翅蝇属Lonchoptera Meigen 2新种,即纤毛尖翅蝇L.ciliosa,sp.nov.和多鬃尖翅蝇L.multiseta,sp.nov.,讨论了它们与近缘种的区别.并首次记录了亮额尖翅蝇L.nitidifrons Strbol在中国的分布.模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆.     

中国暇尖翅蝇属二新种记述（双翅目：尖翅蝇科）

记述暇尖翅蝇属Spilolonchoptera2新种,即短尾暇尖翅蝇S.brevicaudata sp.nov.和杨氏暇尖翅蝇S.yangi sp.nov.。     

四川白角秽蝇种团二新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报道采自四川省西部山区的蝇科秽蝇属２新种,定名为歪叶秽蝇Ｃｏｅｎｏｓｉａ ａｎｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｏｃｅｒｃａ Ｘｕｅ ｅｔ Ｆｅｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和暗翅秽蝇Ｃｏｅｎｏｓｉａ ｏｂｓｃｕｒｉｐｅｎｎｉｓ Ｘｕｅ ｅｔ Ｆｅｎｇ,ｓｐ ｎｏｖ．,它们共同特征是雄肛尾叶和侧尾叶细长,侧尾叶端部向后方弯曲,阳基后突很小,呈退化状,触角较短等,隶属于白角秽蝇种团Ｃ．ａｌｂｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ－ｇｒｏｕｐ。模式标本保     

中国沼蝇科二新种（双翅目：沼蝇总科）

记述采自中国河北与云南的沼蝇科2新种：短条负菊沼蝇Pherbellia brevistria-ta,sp.nov.和黑条基芒沼蝇Tetanocera nigrostriata sp.nov.。模式标本保存于中国农业大学昆虫学系昆虫标本室。     

中国四川有瓣蝇类三新种(双翅目:蝇总科)

记述分布于中国四川西部有瓣蝇类中的3新种：大喙鬃粪蝇(Norellia megistonycta sp.nov.)(粪蝇科);峨眉池蝇(Limnophora emeishanica sp.nov．)及山顶池蝇(Limnophora oreosoacra sp．nov．)(蝇科)。模式标本存于中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所。     

云南尖翅蝇属三新种及中国一新纪录种记述(双翅目,尖翅蝇科)

记述了云南尖翅蝇属Lonchoptera 3新种:双鬃尖翅蝇L.bisetosa sp.nov.、凹尾尖翅蝇L.caudexcavata sp.nov.和弯鬃尖翅蝇L.curvisetosa sp.nov.,及中国1新纪录种,膨突尖翅蝇L.elinarae Andersson,并讨论了它们与近缘种的区别.模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆.     

毛盾圆蝇属一新种(双翅目:蝇科)

毛盾圆蝇属Lasiopelta Malloch,1928是个小属,迄今仅发现于东洋区。笔者在整理采自贵州的蝇类标本中,发现该属一新种。新种的模式标本保存于作者所在单位。斑翅毛盾圆蝇Lasiopelta maculipennis新种 雄 体长5mm。头底色黄,仅后头上部蓝黑色。眼具极疏微毛,几乎裸。额颇宽,头顶部约为一眼宽。间额暗红,具极薄的灰黄色粉被。额三角粉被金黄,细长,前段狭如线,     

中国狭翅广口蝇属(双翅目,广口蝇科)新种和新纪录

经研究,确认中国狭翅广口蝇属Plagiostenoperina Hendel（双翅目,广口蝇科）已知7种,记述了采自中国云南西双版纳的1新种,云南狭翅广口蝇P．yunnana sp,nov．。报道了中国1新纪录种,端斑狭翅广口蝇P．teres Hendel（分布：云南西双版纳）,以及我国大陆的两个新纪录种,古铜狭翅广口蝇P．aenea（Wiedemann）（分布：广西龙州大青山、海南）和台湾狭翅广口蝇P．formosana Hendel（广东、广西、福建、云南）。新种模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所,北京。     

丝状鼓翅蝇属二中国新记录种

Nemopoda nitidula (Fallén) and N. mamaevi Ozerov were redescribed and found to be new record species of Sepsidae from China. The specimens were deposited in the Institute of Applied Entomology of Yangzhou University.     

Copulation reduces male but not female longevity in Saltella sphondylli (Diptera: Sepsidae)

Mating more than once is extremely costly for females in many species, making the near ubiquity of polyandry difficult to understand. However, evidence of mating costs for males is much rarer. We investigated the effects of copulation on longevity of male and female flies (Saltella sphondylli). We also scrutinized potential fecundity and fertility benefits to females with differing mating history. Copulation per se was found to decrease the longevity of males but not that of females. However, when females were allowed to lay eggs, females that mated died earlier than virgin females, indicating costs of egg production and/or oviposition. Thus, although longevity costs of copulation are higher for males, reproduction is nevertheless costly for females. We also found no differences in fecundity or fertility relative to female mating history. Results suggest that polyandry may be driven by minor costs rather than by major benefits in this species.     

Analysing small insect glands with UV‐LDI MS: high‐resolution spatial analysis reveals the chemical composition and use of the osmeterium secretion in Themira superba (Sepsidae: Diptera)

For many insect species, pheromones are important communication tools, but chemical analysis and experimental study can be technically challenging because they require the detection and handling of complex chemicals in small quantities. One drawback of traditional mass spectrometry methods such as gas chromatography mass spectrometry is that whole‐body extractions from one to several hundred individuals are required, with the consequence that intra‐ and interindividual differences cannot be detected. Here, we used the recently introduced UV‐LDI MS (ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry) to profile the ‘osmeterium’ of the sepsid fly Themira superba that is located on the edge of the hind tibia of males. Based on analyses of individual legs, we established that the gland produced a secretion that consisted of oxygenated hydrocarbons and putative isoprenoids. The secretion was first detected 24 h after eclosion, and its transfer to the wings of females during mating was demonstrated using UV‐LDI MS. We then tested whether the secretion had an anti‐aphrodisiac function, but experimental transfer of the secretion to virgin females did not affect mating success or copulation duration. Throughout the study, UV‐LDI MS proved invaluable, because it allowed tracking the natural and experimental transfer of small quantities of pheromones to specific body parts of small flies.     

蝗虫化学信息物质研究进展

详述了蝗虫主要化学信息物质的种类、功能及主要成分等研究进展。蝗虫化学信息物质包括种内通讯的化学信息素和种间通讯的化学信息物质。其中种内通讯的化学信息素主要有群居信息素、成熟信息素、产卵信息素(含促产卵化学信息素和群集产卵化学信息素)、性信息素、聚集信息素等;种间通讯的化学信息物质主要介绍用于防卫的化学信息物质,包括卵分泌的信息物质、特定腺体分泌的信息物质、粪便挥发的信息物质、口腔分泌物和内部毒素等,对其天敌均有一定的防卫作用。化学通讯是蝗虫种内和种间通讯联系的普遍方式。     

The First Mitochondrial Genome of the Sepsid Fly Nemopoda mamaevi Ozerov, 1997 (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea: Sepsidae), with Mitochondrial Genome Phylogeny of Cyclorrhapha

Sepsid flies (Diptera: Sepsidae) are important model insects for sexual selection research. In order to develop mitochondrial (mt) genome data for this significant group, we sequenced the first complete mt genome of the sepsid fly Nemopoda mamaevi Ozerov, 1997. The circular 15,878 bp mt genome is typical of Diptera, containing all 37 genes usually present in bilaterian animals. We discovered inaccurate annotations of fly mt genomes previously deposited on GenBank and thus re-annotated all published mt genomes of Cyclorrhapha. These re-annotations were based on comparative analysis of homologous genes, and provide a statistical analysis of start and stop codon positions. We further detected two 18 bp of conserved intergenic sequences from tRNA^Glu-tRNA^Phe and ND1-tRNA^Ser(UCN) across Cyclorrhapha, which are the mtTERM binding site motifs. Additionally, we compared automated annotation software MITOS with hand annotation method. Phylogenetic trees based on the mt genome data from Cyclorrhapha were inferred by Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods, strongly supported a close relationship between Sepsidae and the Tephritoidea.     

Phylogenetic systematics of the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea-group (Insecta: Diptera: Empididae)

Six clades are inferred from a phylogenetic analysis including 42 species belonging to the Empis (Coptophlebia) hyalea‐group. These clades are named as follows: E. (C.) acris, E. (C.) aspina, E. (C.) atratata, E. (C.) hyalea, E. (C.) jacobsoni and E. (C.) nahaeoensis. The presence of two dorsal more or less developed epandrial projections is considered autapomorphic for the E. (C.) hyalea‐group in addition to two characters previously found to support the monophyly of this group (presence of an unsclerotized zone in the middle of labella and epandrium unpaired). Amongst the cladistically analysed species, 24 are newly described [ E. ( C. ) acris , E. ( C. ) aspina , E. ( C. ) cameronensis , E. ( C. ) duplex , E. ( C. ) incurva , E. ( C. ) inferiseta , E. ( C. ) kuaensis , E. ( C. ) lachaisei , E. ( C. ) lamellalta , E. ( C. ) lata , E. ( C. ) loici , E. ( C. ) longiseta , E. ( C. ) mengyangensis , E. ( C. ) menglunensis , E. ( C. ) missai , E. ( C. ) nimbaensis , E. ( C. ) padangensis , E. ( C. ) parvula , E. ( C. ) projecta , E. ( C. ) pseudonahaeoensis , E. ( C. ) submetallica , E. ( C. ) urumae , E. ( C. ) vitisalutatoris and E. ( C. ) woitapensis ], five are reviewed [E. (C.) hyalea Melander, E. (C.) jacobsoni De Meijere, E. (C.) ostentator Melander, E. (C.) sinensis Melander and E. (C.) thiasotes Melander] and 13 were recently described in two previous papers. Two additional species, E. (C.) abbrevinervis De Meijere and E. (C.) multipennata Melander, are also reviewed but not included in the cladistic analysis since they are only known from the female. A lectotype is designated for E. (C.) jacobsoni. A key is provided to the six clades of the E. (C.) hyalea‐group as well as to species of each clade. A catalogue of the E. (C.) hyalea‐group, including 72 species, is given. The taxonomic status of 25 additional species mainly described by Bezzi and Brunetti, from the Oriental and Australasian regions, is discussed. The E. (C.) hyalea‐group is firstly recorded from the Palaearctic Region and Australia. Finally, the distribution and the habitats of the species compared with their phylogeny suggest a possible relationship between the diversification of the group and forest fragmentations during the Quaternary. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 145 , 339–391.     

Revisional notes on the genus Toxopoda Macquart (Diptera,Sepsidae) in the Oriental and Australasian regions

I herein revise the genus Toxopoda Macquart of the Oriental and Australasian regions. A total of 16 species is discussed. Six new species are described: T. cavata sp. nov., T. angulata sp. nov., T. elephantina sp. nov., T. zuskai sp. nov., T. malayana sp. nov., and T. ozerovi sp. nov. The species T. contracta (Walker), T. viduata (Thomson) and T. simplex Iwasa, which can be easily confused with other species, are correctly redescribed and illustrated. Distributional notes and a key to the species of the Oriental and Australasian regions are provided.     

葡糖杆菌属分类及其主要应用的研究进展

葡糖杆菌是醋酸菌科的一个重要属,与人类关系密切,该属中部分菌株在维生素C、米格列醇的工业生产及合成中起着重要作用;此外,该属菌株还能氧化葡萄糖生成葡糖酸盐和酮基葡糖酸等工业重要中间体。综述了葡糖杆菌的研究进展,主要介绍了葡糖杆菌的生理生化特征、分类进展及其主要应用,可以为广大醋酸菌研究者提供参考。