A new deltocephaline leafhopper genus,Melanetettix, from Melanesia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)

Melanetettix gen. nov. is described from Melanesia for 22 new species of leafhoppers. The new species fall into four groups. New species described are M. bicolor, M. bifidus, M. capitatus, M. curvatus, M. delmoi, M. elongatus, M. maai, M. marginatus, M. ocellatus, M. pallidus, M. rhamphodes, M. roseus, M. semeraroae, M. sinuatus, M. aculeus, M. bifurcatus, M. truncatus, M. clavatus, M. ensiferus, M. nielsoni, M. rotundatus and M. alatus. An identification key to the new species is provided along with discussion of the affinities of Melanetettix, which is close to Scaphoideus Uhler.     

无突叶蝉属二新种 (同翅目：叶蝉科，离脉叶蝉亚科)

 记述了无突叶蝉属Taharana二新种：指无突叶蝉 T. digitata sp.nov.和尖板无突叶蝉T. cuspidata sp.nov.。模式标本存放于 安徽农业大学植保系昆虫分类研究室     

片叶蝉属一新种记述(同翅目:叶蝉科:离脉叶蝉亚科)

本记述了离脉叶蝉亚科片叶蝉属1新种,阔突片叶蝉Thagria vastestyla Wang et Li,sp.nov.,新种模式标本保存在贵州大学研究所。     

Biology and natural enemies of the leafhopper Balclutha incisa (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) in south-western Australia

Abstract  Balclutha incisa is a widely distributed leafhopper common on grasses. In Perth, Western Australia, crab grass ( Digitaria sanguinalis ) and veldt grass ( Ehrharta longiflora ) were identified as host plants. Mating and subsequent oviposition occurred in late summer to early winter (August) on the panicles and stems of crab grass. We describe the biology and phenology of B. incisa within a restricted habitat over a 2-year period and we comment on oviposition sites, eggs and emergence of B. incisa . We describe the behaviour of two main predators, the Pacific damsel bug, Nabis kinbergii Reuter and muscid fly belonging to the genus Coenosia Meigen , particularly in regard to their response to visual and auditory signals produced by the leafhoppers.     

Virus-vector relationships of chickpea chlorotic dwarf geminivirus and the leafhopper Orosius orientalis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Chickpea chlorotic dwarf geminivirus (CCDV) is one of the viruses associated with chickpea stunt disease. It is transmitted by the leafhopper Orosius orientalis. The minimum acquisition access period (AAPmin) and inoculation access period (IAPmin) were found to be less than 2 min, while the minimum latency period (LPmin) was less than 2 h. The median AAP, IAP and LP were 8.0 h, 2.3 h and 27.7 h, respectively. No difference in transmission rates (proportion of leafhoppers able to transmit) was observed between male and female leafhop-pers. In serial transmission experiments, transmission was shown to be persistent, and after a 2-day AAP about 80% of the leafhoppers transmitted the virus for most of their life. The virus could be detected in individual leafhoppers by DAS-ELISA. It did not multiply in the leafhopper, but, instead, decreased in concentration during leafhopper feeding on a non-host of the virus.     

Copulation, the dynamics of sperm transfer and female refractoriness in the leafhopper Balclutha incisa (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)

Abstract.  Mature sperm of the leafhopper Balclutha incisa (Matsumara) (Cicadellidae: Auchenorrhyncha: Hemiptera) are stored as a series of sperm bundles within seminal vesicles prior to ejaculation. During transfer, sperm are pumped from the vesicles into the ejaculatory duct to the complex aedeagus. Sperm transfer is marked by a c . 30-fold expansion of the spermatheca to accommodate both sperm and seminal fluid. Sperm number increases exponentially with male age, reaching a maximum of 700 000 after 14 days, while the number of sperm available on days 2–5 is between 70 000 and 100 000. During mating, maximum sperm transfer occurs after 7 min and mating is complete after about 10 min. Ejaculate size, defined by both sperm and associated accessory gland fluid, is influenced by male mating status and the interval since the previous mating. There is a positive correlation between duration of copulation and both ejaculate and the time to subsequent mating. Sperm are more likely to be retained in the testes during mating by males of 2–5 days post-emergence than older males. The number of sperm received by the female can be manipulated experimentally by mating males once (medium ejaculate) or twice (small ejaculate) immediately after their first mating. Females that receive small ejaculates from sperm-depleted males have a far shorter refractory period than females receiving medium to large ejaculates. Both ejaculate size and the time after males have mated influence the female post-mating refractory period as measured by the female's responsiveness to male sexual signalling.     

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Japanagallia spinosa and Durgades nigropicta (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae)

In this study, we determined and analyzed the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Japanagallia spinosa and Durgades nigropicta (Hemiptera: Megophthalminae). The circular genome were 15,655 bp long in J. spinosa (GenBank: KY123686) and 15,974 bp long in D. nigropicta (GenBank: KY123687). The J. spinosa and D. nigropicta mitogenomes both contained 37 genes and the gene order was similar to that in other leafhoppers. All of the protein-coding genes started with ATN. In the J. spinosa mitogenome, the nad3, nad4L, and cytb genes used TAG as a stop codon, the atp8 and nad1 genes used TGA, and the cox2 gene used a single T. However, in the D. nigropicta mitogenome, three genes used a single T as the stop codon, whereas the nad3 gene used TAG. We predicted the secondary structures of the rRNAs in J. spinosa and D. nigropicta. The secondary structure of rrnL comprised six domains (domain III is absent in arthropods) with 42 helices and that of rrnS comprised three structural domains with 26 helices. Comparisons of J. spinosa and D. nigropicta detected some differences in H577 and H673. We determined the structural organization of the control regions in the mitogenomes of leafhoppers, where three types of repeat regions were found in most. The phylogenetic relationships between J. spinosa and D. nigropicta with related lineages were reconstructed using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses. The monophyly of each superfamily considered in this study was confirmed by the clades in the phylogenetic tree. And in this study, Cicadellidae was resolved as monophyletic by the phylogenetic analysis. This mitogenome information for J. spinosa and D. nigropicta could facilitate future studies of mitogenomic diversity and the evolution of related insect lineages.     

Genus Carvaka Distant in Australia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Selenocephalinae)

Abstract  The leafhopper genus Carvaka Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Selenocephalinae) in Australia is reviewed in light of recent publications on the subfamily Selenocephalinae in the Oriental region. The genus Exitianellus Evans is transferred from the subfamily Deltocephalinae to the Paraboloponini and synonymised with Carvaka . Carvaka elegantula (Evans) comb. nov. is redescribed and three new species, C. mouldsorum , C. maculata and C. flava are added to the genus. A key for the separation of the Australian species of Carvaka is provided. The Australian fauna represents all three recognised species groups of the genus. The significance of this to the biogeographical origins of the Australian fauna is discussed.     

阔颈叶蝉属一新种记述(半翅目:叶蝉科)

记述阔颈叶蝉属Drabescoides 1新种,即长臂阔颈叶蝉Drabescoides longiarmus sp.nov..新种近似于圆突阔颈叶蝉Drabescoides umbonata Shang, Zhang et Shen,2003,主要区别为:本种体形稍大,翅脉色泽较深,体背、颜面黄褐色,雄虫阳茎干背面两片状脊大且显著靠拢,尾节侧瓣三角形,具2个刺突,连索干细,臂极长,两臂夹角小,阳基侧突端部马蹄状,表面着生微齿,雌虫第7腹板后缘弧形深凹入.提供了新种的鉴别特征图.模式标本保存在贵州大学昆虫研究所.     

Review of the South American leafhopper genus Parandanus (Hemiptera,Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae)

The South American leafhopper genus Parandanus Linnavuori & DeLong (Deltocephalinae: Deltocephalini) is reviewed and four of its six species are illustrated and male genital characters are provided. Three new species from Peru, Parandanus longistylus Duan, sp. n., Parandanus nigricephalus Duan, sp. n. and Parandanus paracruciatus Duan, sp. n. are described. A key to species is also provided.     

中国羿小叶蝉属分类研究（半翅目：叶蝉科：小绿叶蝉族）

研究了中国小绿叶蝉族羿小叶蝉属Helionides,提出了4个新组合,报道了采自中国南方的2新纪录种,提供了中国该属已知种的检索表。     

First report on the natural occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi in populations of the leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): Pathogen identifications and their incidence in maize crops

The corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis is one of the most important pests of maize in Latin America. Here we report, for the first time, the natural occurrence of two fungal species infecting the adult stage of this pest. In 2020, insects killed by a pale bluish green fungus in irrigated maize fields located in Northeast Brazil were found attached to the abaxial surface of leaves. Using morphological characters and multigenic phylogeny, it was identified as Metarhizium brasiliense. In the beginning of 2021, the same pathogen was seen on adults in a maize field in the Central-Western region, alongside an entomophthoralean fungus during an epizootic. The latter pathogen was molecularly identified as a species in the genus Batkoa. The number of Batkoa-infected leafhoppers, displaying the typical swollen abdomen and extended wings, reached an average of 1.88 per maize leaf (86.42% of the sampled adults). The incidence of M. brasiliense was higher in plots in the Northeastern region (0.22 and 0.53 adult per leaf) when compared to the Central-Western region (0.04 adult per leaf). The report of D. maidis adults infected by M. brasiliense in agricultural settings located in different geographic regions and over 550 km apart indicates probable widespread occurrence of this pathogen in Brazil. Moreover, this opens the possibility of more applied biological control studies and, perhaps, the development of new tools to manage D. maidis populations.     

中国小叶蝉属栎小叶蝉种团及三新种记述（半翅目：叶蝉科：小叶蝉亚科）

对中国小叶蝉属栎小叶蝉种团研究进行了追溯。记述栎小叶蝉种团3新种:周氏小叶蝉T.choui sp.nov.,大理小叶蝉T.daliensis sp.nov.,三斑小叶蝉T.trimaculata sp.nov.及1中国新记录种:栎小叶蝉T.quercus(Fabricius,1777),并提供中国栎小叶蝉种团雄虫检索表。模式标本及观察标本存放于西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。     

Bambusananus cuihuashanensis,a new bamboo-feeding leafhopper species of Athysanini (Hemiptera,Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from Shaanxi,China

Bambusananus cuihuashanensis sp. n. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Athysanini), a new bamboo-feeding leafhopper species, is described and illustrated from Shaanxi Province of China. Checklist, host plants and distribution for each species of Bambusananus is given along with a key to all known species.     

A remarkable new opsiine leafhopper genus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Southern China,with notes on its phylogenetic position

A remarkable new genus of tribe Opsiini (Deltocephalinae), Yinformibus gen. nov. including Yinformibus menglaensis sp. nov. is described from Yunnan of China. The new genus is placed in the tribe Opsiini based on male adults having a pair of aedeagal shafts, each with its own gonopore. Partial 28S rDNA and Histone H3 sequences are provided for the new species, and a phylogenetic analysis based on these markers for Deltocephalinae retrieved from GenBank suggests Opsiini is monophyletic and supports the placement of Yinformibus gen. nov. in Opsiini. The molecular results placed the new genus in a clade comprising Hishimonus Ishihara, Opsius Fieber, and an undescribed genus from Zambia. Additionally, we also analysed the relationships of Yinformibus gen. nov. with other genera based on morphology.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:85C23AC3-8B19-4F29-9F55-BFC392242B51     

A remarkable new species of the sharpshooter genus Egidemia (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae)

A new species of Egidemia China, 1927, Egidemia impudica, is described and illustrated from the Department of Magdalena (Colombia). The male genitalia of the new species have a very peculiar, diagnostic feature: the pygofer is considerably reduced and truncate posteriorly, so that part of the aedeagus is exposed. A key to males of all known Egidemia species is provided. Notes comparing Egidemia impudica with the other nine known species of the genus are also given.     

条大叶蝉属二新种记述（同翅目：大叶蝉科）

本描述条大叶蝉属(Atkinsoniella Distant)2新种：瘤突条大叶蝉Atkinsoniella tylata sp．nov和黑翅条大叶蝉Atkinsoniella nigripennis sp．nov。模式标本保存在贵州大学昆虫研究所。     

A taxonomic study on the leafhopper genus Scaphoidella vilbaste (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China

All six species of the leafhopper genus Scaphoidella Vilbaste from China are reviewed. Among them, two new species, S. undosa sp. nov. and S. acaudata sp. nov., are described; two new combinations, Scaphoide. unihamata (Li et Kuoh) comb. nov. and Scaphoidella wideaedeaga (Wang et Li) comb. nov. are proposed; and two new synonyms are revealed, Scaphoideus inermis Cai et He (2001) syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Scaphoidella unihamata (Li et Kuoh 1993) and Scaphoideus multipunctus Li et Dai (2004) syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Scaphoidella stenopaea Anufriev (1977). A key is given to separate all six Chinese species, and illustrations of genitalia are provided.