初探Septin 9作为大B细胞淋巴瘤化疗敏感性相关标志物

目的：初步探讨Septin 9作为大B细胞淋巴瘤化疗敏感性相关标志物的实验依据。方法：通过肿瘤药物敏感试验选取化疗高敏感性和低敏感性大B细胞淋巴瘤组织,进行蛋白质组学比较研究后得出差异表达蛋白;对在低敏感组中高表达的Septin 9进一步行Western Blot验证,应用免疫组化技术检测Septin 9在临床病例中的表达情况。结果：化疗高敏感性和低敏感性大B细胞淋巴瘤组织蛋白质组学比较研究显示Septin 9蛋白在高敏感组表达低于低敏感组,免疫印迹和免疫组化结果与蛋白质组结果是一致的。结论：Septin 9蛋白表达在化疗敏感性不同大B细胞淋巴瘤中存在差别,存在化疗敏感性越高Septin 9表达越低的趋势,可能作为预测淋巴瘤化疗敏感性的候选标志物。     

大B细胞性淋巴瘤化疗敏感性相关蛋白类型及信号通路的生物信息学研究

目的:筛选化疗敏感性不同大B细胞淋巴瘤中差异表达蛋白,并分析其类型和相关信号通路,为淋巴瘤化疗敏感性的研究提供重要的靶蛋白。方法:通过肿瘤药物敏感试验选取化疗高敏感性和低敏感性大B细胞淋巴瘤组织,进行蛋白质组学比较研究后得出差异表达蛋白;应用GO-分析软件对差异表达蛋白进行分类和关系分析。结果:将大B细胞淋巴瘤化疗高敏感组和化疗低敏感组蛋白质经二维凝胶电泳分离的差异表达蛋白通过质谱和生物信息学分析鉴定的蛋白点52个,按生化过程分为12种蛋白,其中与代谢过程有关的蛋白最多,其次是细胞过程蛋白;按信号通路分为20余条信号通路包括凋亡信号通路、细胞周期相关通路等。按分子功能分为9类蛋白,其中结合相关蛋白最多,其次是催化活性蛋白,第三为结构蛋白。按蛋白功能分为钙结合蛋白、水解酶、氧化还原酶、磷酸酶等。按细胞内定位分为细胞外区、细胞内、核糖核蛋白复合体三类蛋白,其中细胞内蛋白数量最多,其次是核糖核蛋白复合体。根据信号通路网络图,所有差异表达蛋白以三个复杂网络区为主和四个较为简单联系网络区。结论:大B细胞性淋巴瘤的化疗敏感性与多种蛋白功能和多条信号通路的改变有关,信号通路间也存在复杂的联系。     

应用蛋白质组学方法初步筛选与鼻咽癌放射敏感相关的蛋白

目的:通过筛选放射敏感性不同的鼻咽癌细胞中差异表达蛋白,以发现与鼻咽癌放射敏感相关的蛋白。方法:放射处理并结合流式细胞术检测及比较5-8F和6-10B细胞的放射敏感性。提取细胞总蛋白,进行双向凝胶电泳、MALDI-TOF肽质指纹图分析、质谱数据的蛋白质库搜寻鉴定。应用Western Blot检测细胞中蛋白质表达。应用免疫组织化学方法检测鼻咽癌组织中相关蛋白的表达。结果:双向凝胶电泳后对胶上的部分分辨较好的差异蛋白质点进行肽质谱指纹图分析和鉴定,在两种细胞中差异表达最为显著的蛋白质有9个。Western Blot证实CK19和P73在5-8F和6-10B表达与蛋白质组结果一致。P73在鼻咽癌放射敏感组和不敏感组中的表达阳性率分别为90%、57.5%,存在显著性差异。结论:放射敏感性不同的鼻咽癌细胞中存在一些差异表达蛋白,这些蛋白可能与鼻咽癌放射敏感性有关,其中P73可能成为放射敏感性预测的侯选标志物。     

cDNA阵列筛选结直肠癌化疗敏感性相关基因的初步研究

目的:筛选与结直肠癌中与化疗敏感性相关的基因,为结直肠癌化疗的个体化方案制定提供分子遗传学方面的依据.方法:收集结直肠癌新鲜组织标本,部分用于提取组织RNA和组织蛋白质,部分用于肿瘤药物敏感实验(MTT法).病理学诊断为中分化腺癌,根据药物敏感实验结果分为化疗高敏感组和化疗低敏感组,进行cDNA阵列实验比较筛选差异表达基因,Western Blot检测部分差异表达基因的表达情况.结果:通过肿瘤药物敏感实验结果得到对5-Fu+CF+L-OHP(氟脲嘧啶,亚叶酸钙,奥沙利铂)联合作用敏感的5例(高敏感组),不敏感的5例(低敏感组),cDNA阵列结果显示化疗高敏感组和低敏感组的差异表达基因其中有34个基因,其中差异表达显著的基因9个;叶酸多聚谷氨酸(FPGS)的表达在高敏感组中均高于低敏感组,HSP27在化疗低敏感组中的表达均高于高敏感组,与基因芯片中cDNA表达变化一致.结论:在结直肠腺癌化疗敏感性不同的病例中存在差异表达基因,这些基因可能成为结直肠癌化疗敏感性预测的生物标志物.     

埃兹蛋白的表达与非小细胞肺癌转移的关系研究

目的:探究埃兹蛋白(Ezrin)的表达与非小细胞肺癌转移的关系。方法:通过免疫组化检测Ezrin在有无转移的非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达差异,通过细胞免疫组化、western-blot、RT-PCR检测Ezrin在不同转移潜能肺癌细胞系中的表达差异,通过transwell考察Ezrin对不同转移潜能癌细胞侵袭和迁移能力的影响。结果:Ezrin蛋白在有转移的非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达水平明显高于无转移的肺癌组织,在高转移潜能肺癌细胞系中的表达高于低转移潜能细胞系,受抑制时会削弱高转移潜能肺癌细胞的迁移和侵袭能力,过表达时会增强低转移潜能肺癌细胞的侵袭和迁移能力。结论:Ezrin可能在非小细胞肺癌及其转移中发挥重要作用。     

弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤hs-CRP和VEGF的表达及与化疗耐药的相关性

目的:研究弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达及与化疗耐药的相关性。方法:选取2013年11月到2014年11月我院收治的化疗耐药弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤25例(A组),化疗敏感弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤25例(B组),另选取同期健康者25例(C组)。应用免疫荧光法检测三组入选者的hs-CRP,及酶联免疫吸附法试验(ELISA)法检测VEGF。结果:化疗前A组hs-CRP、VEGF水平显著高于B组和C组,B组高于C组,比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);化疗缓解后A组和B组hs-CRP、VEGF水平与化疗前比显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组复发耐药后hs-CRP、VEGF水平与缓解后比显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤血清中hs-CRP、VEGF水平改变与病情变化有关,可能与化疗耐药有关。     

阻断泛素-蛋白酶体通路对人原代白血病细胞的作用

阻断泛素-蛋白酶体通路对不同类型细胞具有完全不同的结果, 但未见对原代白血病细胞作用的报道. 观察了阻断上述通路对8例白血病患者和10例正常人骨髓单个核细胞(MNC)的作用. 结果表明, 不同个体原代白血病细胞对阻断此通路的反应敏感性存在明显差异, 其中3例细胞极为敏感, 24 h以内90%细胞被迅速诱发凋亡, 而正常人骨髓MNC对阻断泛素蛋白酶体通路反应不敏感, 未观察到凋亡现象发生. 进一步的免疫印迹实验发现, 对上述通路敏感的原代白血病细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达量较高, 而且在凋亡过程中发生了特异位点的酶解;对上述通路不敏感的细胞(包括正常人骨髓MNC)Bcl-2蛋白低表达, 或Bcl-2高表达但未能检测到其特异性酶解现象. 结合其他实验结果, 提示细胞中Bcl-2蛋白是否发生特异位点酶解与细胞对阻断上述通路的敏感性之间具有相关性, 为进一步研究不同种类细胞对阻断泛素-蛋白酶体通路敏感性差异的机制提供了线索.     

Ezrin蛋白在眼睑基底细胞癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的探讨Ezrin蛋白在眼睑基底细胞癌组织中的表达。方法收集武汉市中心医院和武汉大学人民医院病理科2002—2009年手术切除及活检的眼睑基底细胞癌（basalcellcarcinoma,BCC）标本共20例,另取癌周围组织5例作对照。采用免疫组织化学方法观察各组细胞内Ezrin蛋白表达。利用图像分析系统测定Ezrin蛋白在以上各组中表达的平均光密度和平均阳性面积率。结果眼睑基底细胞癌组织中Ezrin蛋白呈高表达;癌旁组织中Ezrin蛋白呈低表达。图像分析结果显示：眼睑基底细胞癌组织与癌旁组织之间Ezrin蛋白的平均光密度及阳性面积率的差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论Ezrin蛋白在眼睑基底细胞癌的发生、发展过程中起了重要作用。     

同时放化疗敏感性不同宫颈癌组织的二维电泳图谱建立及质谱分析

目的:分析同时放化疗后高敏感和低敏感中晚期宫颈癌组织之间蛋白质组的差异,为确定宫颈癌同时放化疗敏感性相关蛋白提供依据。方法:收集治疗前的中晚期宫颈癌活检组织标本,均为中分化鳞癌,置于—80℃超低温冰箱保存。同时放化疗后,根据WHO实体瘤疗效判断标准,将收集的10例宫颈癌组织标本分为高敏感组(5例)和低敏感组(5例);提取组织总蛋白,进行双向凝胶电泳(two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,2-DE)得到凝胶图谱,采用PD-quest 7.0软件进行匹配和差异分析,识别两组之间表达差异蛋白点。将部分差异蛋白点进行胶内原位酶解后进行MALDI-TOF-MS分析,获取肽质量指纹图,数据库搜索鉴定蛋白质。结果:建立了分辨率高,重复性好的同时放化疗后宫颈癌组织高敏感组和低敏感组的双向凝胶电泳图谱。高敏感组蛋白点数为781±74个,低敏感组蛋白点数为766±52个,组间平均匹配率为87.6%。质谱分析成功鉴定15个差异表达蛋白,其中7个蛋白质在高敏感组高表达,8个蛋白质在高敏感组低表达。结论:蛋白质2-DE图谱和质谱鉴定结果说明同时放化疗后高敏感组和低敏感组宫颈癌组织间存在蛋白质表达的差异,这些蛋白质可能与同时放化疗敏感性有关。     

CK8寡糖链结构及翻译水平改变与人肝癌细胞转移相关性研究

糖组学方法筛查人肝癌细胞转移过程中发挥重要作用的核心岩藻糖基化蛋白质分子,解析比较筛出的差异蛋白——细胞角蛋白8(CK8)翻译及糖基化修饰改变与人肝癌细胞转移潜能的关系.应用双向电泳(2-DE)、凝集素亲和印迹、凝集素亲和沉淀联合质谱分析技术,筛查并验证与肝癌转移相关的核心岩藻糖基化蛋白;应用细胞免疫荧光和蛋白质免疫印迹检测CK8的蛋白质表达情况;应用免疫沉淀结合多种凝集素亲和印迹,推测其与肝癌转移相关的寡糖链结构改变.研究发现,3种不同转移潜能人肝癌细胞Hep3B、MHCC97-L和MHCC97-H的扁豆凝集素(LCA)亲和印迹表达谱中,分子质量55～60ku、等电点4～6区域处有核心岩藻糖基化蛋白呈差异表达,质谱鉴定为CK8.LCA亲和沉淀及蛋白质印迹进一步验证CK8异常核心岩藻糖基化与肝癌转移相关;研究发现,CK8分布于细胞浆内,在MHCC97-L和MHCC97-H细胞中蛋白质表达水平较Hep3B高,在MHCC97-H中与LCA和蓖麻凝集素(RCA-1)的亲和力较Hep3B强.以上结果提示,2-DE和凝集素印迹技术联合MALDI-TOF-MS/MS分析可用于筛查疾病过程相关的异常糖基化蛋白质分子,CK8蛋白水平、核心岩藻糖基化及β-1,4末端半乳糖基化的增加均与肝癌细胞转移潜能相关.     

宫颈腺癌发生相关蛋白的蛋白质组学初步研究

目的：为了研究宫颈腺癌和正常宫颈组织的差异表达蛋白,为宫颈腺癌的发生和早期诊断提供有意义的生物标志物。方法：以正常宫颈组织和宫颈腺癌组织为研究对象,提取组织总蛋白,依次进行二维凝胶电泳,凝胶图象分析,基质辅助激光解吸附／离子化飞行时间质谱及生物信息学分析。Western Blot方法验证部分蛋白表达情况。结果：建立了宫颈腺癌和正常宫颈组织的二维电泳图谱,进行质谱和生物信息学分析比较鉴定宫颈腺癌和正常宫颈组织差异表达蛋白7个,与正常宫颈组织比较,宫颈腺癌表达降低的蛋白有3个,包括抑制素（inhibin-beta）,PTEN,乳铁蛋白（lactoferrin）;宫颈腺癌表达升高的蛋白有4个,包括谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTT1＊0）,Homeodomain—interacting protein kinase2（HIPK2）,CD44v5,galectin-7。Western Blot方法检测结果显示inhibin-beta和PTEN在宫颈腺癌中表达变化情况与蛋白质组学结果一致。结论：宫颈腺癌和正常宫颈组织存在差异表达蛋白,这些差异表达蛋白可能是宫颈腺癌发生相关蛋白,可能作为宫颈腺癌早期诊断的标志物。     

Proteome-wide changes induced by the Hsp90 inhibitor, geldanamycin in anaplastic large cell lymphoma cells

The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) affects the function of many oncogenic signaling proteins including nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK) expressed in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). While ALK-positive ALCL cells are sensitive to the Hsp90 inhibitor and the geldanamycin (GA) analog, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), the proteomic effects of these drugs on ALK-positive ALCL cells are unpublished. In this study, we investigated the cellular, biologic, and proteomic changes occurring in ALK-positive ALCL cells in response to GA treatment. GA induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, quantitative proteomic changes analyzed by cleavable isotope-coded affinity tag-LC-MS/MS (cICAT-LC-MS/MS) identified 176 differentially expressed proteins. Out of these, 49 were upregulated 1.5-fold or greater and 70 were downregulated 1.5-fold or greater in GA-treated cells. Analysis of biological functions of differentially expressed proteins revealed diverse changes, including induction of proteins involved in the 26S proteasome as well as downregulation of proteins involved in signal transduction and protein and nucleic acid metabolism. Pathway analysis revealed changes in MAPK, WNT, NF-kappaB, TGFbeta, PPAR, and integrin signaling components. Our studies reveal some of the molecular and proteomic consequences of Hsp90 inhibition in ALK-positive ALCL cells and provide novel insights into the mechanisms of its diverse cellular effects.     

Genomic and proteomic characterization of YDOV-157, a newly established human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line

The existence of several model systems with which to investigate a particular disease is advantageous for researchers. This is especially true for ovarian cancer, which, due to its complex and heterogeneous nature, inherently requires a large number of model systems. Here, we report a new ovarian serous adenocarcinoma cell line, designated YDOV-157, and characterized via post genomics and post proteomics. In this study, primary culture of tumor cells from ascites was performed and the cells were immortalized up to at least 60 passages in vitro. We studied the morphologies, cell proliferation, BRCA1/2 mutations, tumorigenesis capacity, and chemosensitivity of YDOV-157. Using a cDNA microarray, differentially expressed genes were identified and some of them were validated. Using proteomic analysis, we identified proteins that were differentially expressed in YDOV-157. The newly derived cell line, designated YDOV-157, grew as a monolayer and the doubling time was 102 h. When transplanted into nude mice, it initiated the formation of tumor masses with microscopic findings identical to those of the primary tumor. Chemosensitivity test showed that paclitaxel induced the highest chemosensitivity index. In microarray analysis, 2,520 probes were differently expressed, compared to human ovarian surface epithelial cells (HOSEs). In SYBR Green real-time PCR, the expression of E2F2 (P = 0.040) and CRABP2 genes (P = 0.030) was significantly higher in the ovarian cancer cell lines than in HOSEs. Furthermore, proteomic analysis showed that expression of 28 spots was significantly altered between YDOV-157 and HOSE. In conclusion, the newly derived YDOV-157 cell line may be an important research resource for studying cancer cell biology and should also be very useful for developing new strategies that inhibit cancer cell growth and progression.     

Differentially expressed cytosolic proteins in human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines correlate with lineages and functions

Identification of cytosolic proteins differentially expressed between types of leukemia and lymphoma may provide a molecular basis for classification and understanding their cellular properties. Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) and mass spectrometry have been used to identify proteins that are differentially expressed in cytosolic extracts from four human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines: HL-60 (acute promyelocytic leukemia), MEC1 (B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia), CCRF-CEM (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and Raji (B-cell Burkitt's lymphoma). A total of 247 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the four cell lines. Analysis of the data by principal component analysis identified 22 protein spots (17 different protein species) differentially expressed at more than a 95% variance level between these cell lines. Several of these proteins were differentially expressed in only one cell line: HL-60 (myeloperoxidase, phosphoprotein 32 family member A, ras related protein Rab-11B, protein disulfide-isomerase, ran-specific GTPase-activating protein, nucleophosmin and S-100 calcium binding protein A4), and Raji (ezrin). Several of these proteins were differentially expressed in two cell lines: Raji and MEC1 (C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, elongation factor 2, alpha- and beta-tubulin, transgelin-2 and stathmin). MEC1 and CCRF-CEM (gamma-enolase), HL-60 and CCRF-CEM (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N). The differentially expressed proteins identified in these four cell lines correlate with cellular properties and provide insights into the molecular basis of these malignancies.     

Comparative analysis of cell surface proteins in chronic and acute leukemia cell lines

This study was designed to identify the cell surface protein markers that can differentiate between chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (APL). The differentially expressed plasma membrane proteins were analyzed between CML cell line (K562) and APL cell line (NB4) using the comparative proteomic approach. The cell membrane proteins were enriched by labeling with a membrane-impermeable biotinylation reagent, sulfo-NHS-SS-Biotin, and subjected to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). By comparative proteomic analysis of K562 and NB4 cells, we identified 25 membrane and 14 membrane-associated proteins. The result of LC-MS/MS combined with chemical tagging method was validated by confirming the expression and localization of one of the differentially expressed plasma membrane proteins, CD43, by FACS and confocal microscopy. Our results indicate that CD43 could be a potential candidate for differentiating CML from APL.     

热CO2气腹处理后结肠癌细胞株COLO 205的蛋白组学变化

目的：研究热CO2气腹处理后结肠癌细胞株COLO205的蛋白组学变化,为阐明热CO2气腹对结肠癌细胞的杀伤作用机制提供依据。方法：用热CO2气腹处理结肠癌细胞株COL0205,按有无处理分为处理组与对照组。分别抽提两组细胞的总蛋白质,采用同位素标记的相对和绝对定量（isobaric tags for relative absolute quantitation, iTRAQ）技术标记,液相色谱（LC）分离蛋白质,质谱仪（MS）进行蛋白质鉴定及Western blot检测。结果：共筛选得到18个差异表达的蛋白,其中8个蛋白表达上调,10个蛋白表达下调。Western blot显示热休克蛋白HSP70在细胞表达明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）;蛋白Myosin-9的表达量在处理后显著下降。结论：热CO2气腹处理后结肠癌细胞株COL0205的蛋白组学发生差异性变化。