Tenth Enzyme Mechanisms Conference

The tenth biennial conference on enzyme mechanisms was organized by T. Fink (chairman), R. Abeles, W. Cleland, B. Metcalf, and N. Oppenheimer. It was held at the Asilomar Conference center in Pacific Grove, California. Session topics included: 1, Bioorganic mechanisms; 2, structural mechanisms; 3, mechanisms through mutagenesis; 4, mechanism-based inhibition; 5, mechanisms—general; and 6, bioinorganic mechanisms. In addition to the lectures, two poster sessions were held which included topics from several areas of mechanistic enzymology. A brief summary of the lectures and a few references are presented below. As in the past, the authors and titles of the posters will also be listed.     

First International Conference on “Biotechnology in Agriculture”

The 1st International Conference on “Biotechnology in Agriculture” was held at the Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania, from the 22nd to the 23rd of April 2014. The conference was organized as collaboration between the Agricultural University of Tirana (AUT) and the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena, Germany. About 200 scientists from different countries presented their work orally or as posters covering the three main topics of the conference: plant, animal and food biotechnology. The conference included a field trip as well to the Experimental Didactic Economy Station and a Fish Farm, both belonging to the Agricultural University of Tirana. In this report, we describe the main topics of the Conference and a summary of talks and posters presented in different sessions. The main conclusions provided at the end of the activity, the objectives for the future and a brief overview of the field trips and pre- and post-conference tours are displayed in this current report. Since the conference on “Biotechnology in Agriculture” was the first one organized in Albania and also an international one, it was of a great interest for the participants and also for the scientific community working in the biotechnology area. Therefore, one of the decisions made at the end of the conference was to hold similar conferences periodically, every two years, at AUT.     

Special Issue of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Biophysical Reviews</Emphasis> dedicated to the 19<Superscript>th</Superscript> IUPAB Conference in Edinburgh,Scotland (July 2017).

From the 16th to the 20th of July 2017, the 19th IUPAB (International Union of Pure and Applied Biophysics) world congress was held in Edinburgh, Scotland. Organized in conjunction with the 11th EBSA (European Biophysical Societies’ Association) the meeting attracted over 1430 participants, had 35 scientific sessions and 10 plenary speakers. Each invited speaker was invited to contribute either a short review or a letter article that summarized the contents of their session. This special issue of Biophysical Reviews is dedicated to providing contextual background to some of the many talks presented at the meeting in Edinburgh. The reader is referred to supplementary issue 1 of volume 46 of the European Biophysics Journal for a complete listing of abstracts for all presented talks and posters.     

Food for thought from plant and animal genomes

A report on the Plant and Animal Genome XXI meeting, held in San Diego, USA, January 12-16, 2013.

Meeting Report

On 12 January, on a morning full of blue sky and cold sunshine, the Plant and Animal Genome XXI meeting opened its doors for the 21st time at the Town and Country Hotel in San Diego. I arrived a couple of hours late, a newbie toting a roller suitcase, a little unprepared for the sheer scope of the meeting I was about to attend. The diversity of topics and attendees at the meeting, ''The Largest Ag-Genomics Meeting in the World'', was stunning. Within my first hour, I would wind up eating my boxed lunch with a member of the transitional government of Egypt, who moonlights as a grad student in Colorado; and within my first afternoon, I would hear talks about drought resistance in rice, marker-assisted breeding in sweet cherry and transgressive segregation in cotton, not to mention the 12 concurrent sessions on topics from citrus genomes to swine breeding. As a plant developmental biologist interested in international agriculture, I chose talks with an eye towards the border between basic and applied research, the brackish zone where molecular biological innovations find their way into research centers, field trials, and ultimately, farmers'' fields. In this report, I will present examples of the diverse and exciting work being done at this intersection, and will conclude by highlighting some emerging trends and challenges on the horizon.     

Workshop on DNA repair.

A workshop on DNA repair with emphasis on eukaryotic systems was held, under the auspices of the EC Concerted Action on DNA Repair and Cancer, at Noordwijkerhout (The Netherlands) 14-19 April 1991. The local organization of the meeting was done under the auspices of the Medical Genetic Centre South-West, The Netherlands (MGC), c/o Department of Radiation Genetics and Chemical Mutagenesis, University of Leiden (The Netherlands). Local organizers were: D. Bootsma (chairman), W. Ferro, J.H.J. Hoeijmakers, A.R. Lehmann, P.H.M. Lohman, L. Mullenders, and A.A. van Zeeland (secretarial assistance: Mrs. C. Escher-van Heerden and Mrs. R. Bontre). Over 190 scientists participated, and the format of the meeting followed that of the 1987 workshop on the 'Molecular Aspects of DNA Repair' (Friedberg et al., 1987). Plenary review talks in the mornings were followed, in the afternoon, by poster viewing in three or four parallel sessions. Groups of 15-20 posters were discussed in detail, and later on, in plenary sessions, chairpersons of the poster discussions reviewed the afternoons' posters. The principal themes of the meeting were the isolation and characterisation of repair genes and proteins, repair in specific sequences, consequences of defective DNA repair, and new methods for detecting DNA damage and repair. Remarkable progress has been made recently in all of these areas, and many exciting new results were presented. It is impossible to summarize all contributions to this (intensive) one-week meeting. Therefore, and for the sake of coherence, presentations that did not fit easily into any of the general themes of the meetings have not been included.     

Meeting report: Second international meeting on quadruplex DNA

A two and a half day meeting on G-quadruplexes was held in Louisville, KY, USA (April 18–21, 2009). A specific goal of this conference was to promote discussion on the biology of G-quadruplexes. In practice this was represented in four main ways, namely in biophysics, bio/nanotechnology, therapeutics, and what might be termed “intrinsic biology”. Research into the basic biophysical and structural properties of G-quadruplexes continues to be important for understanding biology, and for optimizing aptamers for therapeutic and bio/technological purposes. The meeting comprised two Keynote lectures, twenty-three invited talks, and forty-two posters covering various aspects of these topics using a wide variety of technologies.     

The International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine (ICIBM) 2018: systems biology on diverse data types

Between June 10–12, 2018, the International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine (ICIBM 2018) was held in Los Angeles, California, USA. The conference included 11 scientific sessions, four tutorials, one poster session, four keynote talks and four eminent scholar talks that covered a wide range of topics in 3D genome structure analysis and visualization, next generation sequencing analysis, computational drug discovery, medical informatics, cancer genomics and systems biology. Systems biology has been a main theme in ICIBM 2018, with exciting advances presented in many areas of systems biology, covering various different data types such as gene regulation, circular RNAs expression, single-cell RNA-Seq, inter-chromosomal interactions, metabolomics, proteomics and phosphoproteomics. Here, we describe ten high quality papers to be published in BMC Systems Biology.     

American society for biochemistry and molecular biology 83rd annual meeting,Houston, Texas, 12th February, 1992, education symposium: Some reflections on the state of biochemistry teaching

A symposium on educational topics, organised by Professor A H Mehler, was one of two sessions that dealt with aspects of teaching in a program that traditionally has been concerned only with scientific research. The session was well attended and, because of the obvious interest in spite of competing attractions, we hope that this area will be represented in futute meetings. The texts of the talks given by the four speakers are printed below.     

The International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine (ICIBM) 2016: putting systems biology to work

Between December 8–10, 2016, the International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine (ICIBM 2016) was held in Houston, Texas, USA. The conference included eight scientific sessions, four tutorials, one poster session, four highlighted talks and four keynotes that covered topics in 3D genome structure analysis and visualization, next generation sequencing analysis, computational drug discovery, medical informatics, cancer genomics and systems biology. Systems biology has been a main theme in ICIBM 2016, with exciting advances were presented in many areas of systems biology. Here, we selected seven high quality papers to be published in BMC Systems Biology.     

2007 Keystone Symposium on Autophagy in Health and Disease

The first Keystone Symposium on Autophagy in Health and Disease was held in Monterey, a scenic city on the Pacific coast in central California, April 15-20, 2007. The symposium brought together approximately 280 participants, from basic researchers to physicians and journalists. The meeting was composed of a joint keynote session with the meeting "Apoptotic and Non-Apoptotic Cell Death Pathways" and eight plenary sessions, covering the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and many emerging concepts and functions of autophagy in organelle degradation, physiological regulation, cell death and survival, and disease. Three afternoon workshops focused on short talks selected from the posters, and a special discussion session led by experts dealt with techniques and concerns regarding experimental detection of autophagy. The symposium highlighted autophagy as a potential therapeutic target in a wide range of diseases, including cancer, microbial infection, myopathies and neurodegenerative disorders.     

2007 Keystone Symposium on Autophagy in Health and Disease

The first Keystone Symposium on Autophagy in Health and Disease was held in Monterey, a scenic city on the Pacific coast in central California, April 15-20, 2007. The symposium brought together approximately 280 participants, from basic researchers to physicians and journalists. The meeting was composed of a joint keynote session with the meeting “Apoptotic and Non-Apoptotic Cell Death Pathways”, and eight plenary sessions, covering the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and many emerging concepts and functions of autophagy in organelle degradation, physiological regulation, cell death and survival, and disease. Three afternoon workshops focused on short talks selected from the posters, and a special discussion session led by experts dealt with techniques and concerns regarding experimental detection of autophagy. The symposium highlighted autophagy as a potential therapeutic target in a wide range of diseases, including cancer, microbial infection, myopathies and neurodegenerative disorders.     

Current Topics in Organogenesis and Gametogenesis

At the 49th Annual Drosophila Research Conference from April 3-8, 2008 in San Diego there were eight talks and over ninety posters in the section on Organogenesis and Gametogenesis. These covered a wide range of topics within the two broad categories of organ-specific stem cells (including germ cells) and organ-specific developmental programs. Here we discuss eleven of these presentations describing current research into the formation of the gonad, intestine, trachea, muscle and leg joint. The new insights presented advance our understanding of the molecular events that underlie interactions between stem cells and their niches as well as mechanisms underlying tissue-specific differentiation programs.     

Meeting report: Fourth international meeting on G-quadruplex Nucleic Acids (Singapore,July 1–4, 2013)

The fourth international meeting on G-quadruplex Nucleic Acids was held in the Nanyang Technological University (NTU) of Singapore. Over 150 participants gathered from more than 25 countries. Over 40 talks and 100 posters summarized our current knowledge of these unusual DNA and RNA structures.     

Current topics in organogenesis and gametogenesis

At the 49(th) Annual Drosophila Research Conference from April 3-8, 2008 in San Diego there were eight talks and over ninety posters in the section on Organogenesis and Gametogenesis. These covered a wide range of topics within the two broad categories of organ-specific stem cells (including germ cells) and organ-specific developmental programs. Here we discuss eleven of these presentations describing current research into the formation of the gonad, intestine, trachea, muscle and leg joint. The new insights presented advance our understanding of the molecular events that underlie interactions between stem cells and their niches as well as mechanisms underlying tissue-specific differentiation programs.     

Botany without borders: barcoding in focus

This recent meeting, held on the campus of the University of British Columbia, attracted 1200 delegates and a vast array of talks, but was notable for a remarkable showing of talks and posters on DNA barcoding in plants, spread through many sessions. The Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding defines barcoding as ‘species identification and discovery through the analysis of short, standardized gene regions known as DNA barcodes’. This approach is somewhat controversial in animals ( Rubinoff et al., 2006 ), although it has been shown to be useful and reliable in many metazoan taxa ( Meyer & Paulay 2005 ; Hajibabaei et al., 2007 ), in which the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene is used. However, in land plants, COI evolves far too slowly to be useful, and there is no obvious single universal alternative ( Fazekas et al., 2008 ). Genes that work well in one taxon may perform poorly in other taxa. Additionally, some perfectly good plant species, reproductively isolated and morphologically and ecologically distinct, are too young to show much sequence divergence at most loci. Nevertheless, as we saw at this conference, progress has been made towards identifying genes that serve many of the functions of DNA barcodes, at least in some plant taxa.     

Stag Parties Linger: Continued Gender Bias in a Female-Rich Scientific Discipline

Discussions about the underrepresentation of women in science are challenged by uncertainty over the relative effects of the lack of assertiveness by women and the lack of recognition of them by male colleagues because the two are often indistinguishable. They can be distinguished at professional meetings, however, by comparing symposia, which are largely by invitation, and posters and other talks, which are largely participant-initiated. Analysis of 21 annual meetings of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists reveals that within the subfield of primatology, women give more posters than talks, whereas men give more talks than posters. But most strikingly, among symposia the proportion of female participants differs dramatically by the gender of the organizer. Male-organized symposia have half the number of female first authors (29%) that symposia organized by women (64%) or by both men and women (58%) have, and half that of female participation in talks and posters (65%). We found a similar gender bias from men in symposia from the past 12 annual meetings of the American Society of Primatologists. The bias is surprising given that women are the numerical majority in primatology and have achieved substantial peer recognition in this discipline.     

Conservation,management, and restoration of coral reefs

The 8th International Conference on Coelenterate Biology (ICCB 8) was held in Eilat, Israel from December 1st to 5th 2013. The conference included 15 sessions, one of which discussed the latest information on the conservation, management, and restoration of Coelenterata in different parts of the world. A total of 16 oral presentations and 5 posters were presented in this session. Of these 21 papers, 11 were related to conservation issues, 7 described management, and 3 discussed restoration. This session provided insights on the current conservation, management, and restoration of coelenterates in different parts of the world.