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1.
There is a growing interest in protein expression profiling aiming to identify novel diagnostic markers in breast cancer. Proteomic approaches such as two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry analysis (2-D DIGE/MS/MS) have been used successfully for the identification of candidate biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of treatment response in various types of cancer. Identifying previously unknown proteins of potential clinical relevance will ultimately help in reaching effective ways to manage the disease. We analyzed breast cancer tissues from five tumor and five normal tissue samples from ten breast cancer subjects with infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) by 2-D DIGE using two types of immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips: pH 3-10 and pH 4-7. From all the spots detected, differentially expressed (p < 0.05 and ratio > 2) were 50 spots. Of these, 39 proteins were successfully identified by MS, representing 29 different proteins. Ten proteins were overexpressed in the tumor samples. The 2-D DIGE/MS/MS analysis revealed an increase in the expression levels in tumor samples of several proteins not previously associated with breast cancer, such as: macrophage-capping protein (CAPG), phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2), ATPase ASN1, methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase (MRI1), peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP4, cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2), lamin B1 and keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8 (KRT8). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed highly significant (p = 10(-26)) interactions between the identified proteins and their association with cancer. These proteins are involved in many diverse pathways and have established roles in cellular metabolism. It remains the goal of future work to test the suitability of the identified proteins in samples of larger and independent patient groups.  相似文献   

2.
The objective of this study was to determine whether tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIL-B) of infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast represent a tumor-specific humoral immune response. Immunohistochemical analysis of three Her-2/neu-negative IDC tumors from geriatric patients showed that TIL-B cluster in structures similar to germinal centers containing CD20(+) B lymphocyte and CD3(+) T lymphocyte zones with interdigitating CD21(+) follicular dendritic cells, suggesting an in situ immune response. A total of 29, 31, and 58 IgG1 H chain clones was sequenced from the three IDC tumors, respectively. Intratumoral oligoclonal expansion of TIL-B was demonstrated by a preponderance (45-68%) of clonal B cells. In contrast, only 7% of tumor-draining lymph node and 0% of healthy donor PBL IgG H chains were clonal, consistent with the larger repertoires of node and peripheral populations. Patterns and levels of TIL-B IgG H chain somatic hypermutation suggested affinity maturation in intratumoral germinal centers. To examine the specificity of TIL-B Ig, a phage-displayed Fab library was generated from the TIL-B of one IDC tumor. Panning with an allogeneic breast cancer cell line enriched Fab binding to breast cancer cells, but not nonmalignant cell lines tested. However, panning with autologous tumor tissue lysate increased binding of Fab to both tumor tissue lysate and healthy breast tissue lysate. These data suggest an in situ Ag-driven oligoclonal B cell response to a variety of tumor- and breast-associated Ags.  相似文献   

3.
摘要 目的:探讨乳腺癌组织FK506结合蛋白38(FK506-binding protein 38,FKBP38)的表达水平及其与病理分级和临床分期的关系。方法:采用免疫组化检测100例正常乳腺组织、300例浸润性导管癌(Invasion ductal carcinoma,IDC)和59例浸润性小叶癌组织(Invasion lobular carcinoma,ILD)中FKBP38的表达水平,分析FKBP38蛋白表达水平与乳腺癌临床病理参数之间的关系。结果:免疫组化结果表明,与正常乳腺组织相比,FKBP38在浸润性导管癌及浸润性小叶癌组织中的表达水平均显著降低,具有统计学差异(P<0.0001)。通过进一步分析可知,在浸润性导管癌中,FKBP38蛋白表达水平随病理分级及临床分期的增加而降低,具有统计学差异,而FKBP38蛋白与孕激素受体(Progesterone receptor,PR)蛋白的表达呈负相关。此外,三阴性乳腺癌(Triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)FKBP38的表达水平显著高于非三阴性乳腺癌,同样,FKBP38在TNBC的表达水平随原发性肿瘤分期的增加而降低。结论:FKBP38蛋白水平在乳腺癌患者中表达水平显著降低,并与乳腺癌的病理分级、临床分期相关。这提示FKBP38蛋白水平可作为乳腺癌诊断和治疗的潜在靶点,但其作用机制仍需进一步研究。  相似文献   

4.
5.
We have applied an in-depth quantitative proteomic approach, combining isotopic labeling extensive intact protein separation and mass spectrometry, for high confidence identification of protein changes in plasmas from a mouse model of breast cancer. We hypothesized that a wide spectrum of proteins may be up-regulated in plasma with tumor development and that comparisons with proteins expressed in human breast cancer cell lines may identify a subset of up-regulated proteins in common with proteins expressed in breast cancer cell lines that may represent candidate biomarkers for breast cancer. Plasma from PyMT transgenic tumor-bearing mice and matched controls were obtained at two time points during tumor growth. A total of 133 proteins were found to be increased by 1.5-fold or greater at one or both time points. A comparison of this set of proteins with published findings from proteomic analysis of human breast cancer cell lines yielded 49 proteins with increased levels in mouse plasma that were identified in breast cancer cell lines. Pathway analysis comparing the subset of up-regulated proteins known to be expressed in breast cancer cell lines with other up-regulated proteins indicated a cancer related function for the former and a host-response function for the latter. We conclude that integration of proteomic findings from mouse models of breast cancer and from human breast cancer cell lines may help identify a subset of proteins released by breast cancer cells into the circulation and that occur at increased levels in breast cancer.  相似文献   

6.
Matriptase is a serine protease expressed by cells of surface epithelial origin, including epithelial breast tumor cells. Matriptase cleaves and activates proteins implicated in the progression of cancer and represents a potential prognostic and therapeutic target. The aim of this study was to examine matriptase expression in breast tumors of Chinese women and to identify its clinicopathological correlations. Immunohistochemical analysis of matriptase was performed in tissue microarrays of 251 breast tumors including 30 fibroadenomas, 59 ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS), 38 grade I invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), 79 grade II IDC, and 45 grade III IDC. The matriptase scores were significantly higher in the tumors than their non-tumor counterparts (178+/-12 for fibroadenoma; 275+/-11 for DCIS; 299+/-10 for grade I IDC; 251+/-10 for grade II IDC; and 314+/-11 for grade III IDC). In cases of IDC, matriptase scores were significantly correlated with tumor staging and nodal staging. Our findings demonstrate that matriptase is over-expressed in breast ductal carcinoma of Chinese women. It therefore may be a good biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of malignant breast tumors.  相似文献   

7.
Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer-related mortality. We applied a highly multiplexed proteomic technology (SOMAscan) to compare protein expression signatures of non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues with healthy adjacent and distant tissues from surgical resections. In this first report of SOMAscan applied to tissues, we highlight 36 proteins that exhibit the largest expression differences between matched tumor and non-tumor tissues. The concentrations of twenty proteins increased and sixteen decreased in tumor tissue, thirteen of which are novel for NSCLC. NSCLC tissue biomarkers identified here overlap with a core set identified in a large serum-based NSCLC study with SOMAscan. We show that large-scale comparative analysis of protein expression can be used to develop novel histochemical probes. As expected, relative differences in protein expression are greater in tissues than in serum. The combined results from tissue and serum present the most extensive view to date of the complex changes in NSCLC protein expression and provide important implications for diagnosis and treatment.  相似文献   

8.

Background

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and cause of deaths in women around the world. Oncogene amplification usually occurs late in tumor progression and correlates well with aggressiveness of tumor. In fact the function of the S100A4 protein and its role in metastasis is unclear at present. The purpose of the study was to determine the expression of S100A4 protein in the invasion status and metastatic potential of breast cancer by using tissue microarray and to determine its role in breast cancer based on the expression of S100A4 gene product.

Methods

S100A4 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using commercially available tissue microarray containing malignant and normal breast tissue cores from 216 patients.

Results

S100A4 was absent in normal breast tissues while positive in 45.1% of infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) node negative and 48.8% of infiltrating lobular carcinoma node negative. In paired samples, S100A4 protein was expressed in 13.5% of IDC node positive cases and 35.1% of matched lymph node metastasis.

Conclusion

S100A4 protein expression appears widely expressed in early and advanced breast cancer stages compared with normal breast. Our study suggests S100A4 may play a role in breast cancer progression and may prove to be an independent marker of breast cancer which appears to be down regulated in more advanced stages of breast cancer.  相似文献   

9.
Abnormal expression of annexin A2 contributes to metastasis and infiltration of cancer cells.To elucidate the cause of abnormal expression of annexin A2,Western blotting,immunoproteomics and immunohistochemical staining were performed to analyze differentially ubiquitinated proteins between fresh breast cancer tissue and its adjacent normal breast tissue from five female volunteers.We detected an ubiquitinated protein that was up-regulated in the cancer tissue,which was further identified as annexin A2 by mass spectrometry.These results suggest that abnormal ubiquitination and/or degradation of annexin A2 may lead to presence of annexin A2 at high level,which may further promote metastasis and infiltration of the breast cancer cells.  相似文献   

10.
Gene expression studies have been widely used in an effort to identify signatures that can predict clinical progression of cancer. In this study we focused instead on identifying gene expression differences between breast tumors and adjacent normal tissue, and between different subtypes of tumor classified by clinical marker status. We have collected a set of 20 breast cancer tissues, matched with the adjacent pathologically normal tissue from the same patient. The cancer samples representing each subtype of breast cancer identified by estrogen receptor ER(+/-) and Her2(+/-) status and divided into four subgroups (ER+/Her2+, ER+/Her2-, ER-/Her2+, and ER-/Her2-) were hybridized on Affymetrix HG-133 Plus 2.0 microarrays. By comparing cancer samples with their matched normal controls we have identified 3537 overall differentially expressed genes using data analysis methods from Bioconductor. When we looked at the genes in common of the four subgroups, we found 151 regulated genes, some of them encoding known targets for breast cancer treatment. Unique genes in the four subgroups instead suggested gene regulation dependent on the ER/Her2 markers selection. In conclusion, the results indicate that microarray studies using robust analysis of matched tumor and normal samples from the same patients can be used to identify genes differentially expressed in breast cancer tumor subtypes even when small numbers of samples are considered and can further elucidate molecular features of breast cancer.  相似文献   

11.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in diverse biological processes and are emerging as key regulators of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. To explore the dysregulation of miRNAs in breast cancer, a genome-wide expression profiling of 939 miRNAs was performed in 50 breast cancer patients. A total of 35 miRNAs were aberrantly expressed between breast cancer tissue and adjacent normal breast tissue and several novel miRNAs were identified as potential oncogenes or tumor suppressor miRNAs in breast tumorigenesis. miR-125b exhibited the largest decrease in expression. Enforced miR-125b expression in mammary cells decreased cell proliferation by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and reduced anchorage-independent cell growth of cells of mammary origin. miR-125b was found to perform its tumor suppressor function via the direct targeting of the 3’-UTRs of ENPEP, CK2-α, CCNJ, and MEGF9 mRNAs. Silencing these miR-125b targets mimicked the biological effects of miR-125b overexpression, confirming that they are modulated by miR-125b. Analysis of ENPEP, CK2-α, CCNJ, and MEGF9 protein expression in breast cancer patients revealed that they were overexpressed in 56%, 40–56%, 20%, and 32% of the tumors, respectively. The expression of ENPEP and CK2-α was inversely correlated with miR-125b expression in breast tumors, indicating the relevance of these potential oncogenic proteins in breast cancer patients. Our results support a prognostic role for CK2-α, whose expression may help clinicians predict breast tumor aggressiveness. In particular, our results show that restoration of miR-125b expression or knockdown of ENPEP, CK2-α, CCNJ, or MEGF9 may provide novel approaches for the treatment of breast cancer.  相似文献   

12.
目的:研究乳腺癌组织与乳腺癌癌旁组织中FGFR4 mRNA及蛋白的表达及其临床意义。方法:分别以实时荧光定量RT-PCR、Western blot的方法检测52例乳腺癌组织和52例癌旁正常组织中FGFR4 mRNA和蛋白的表达,分析FGFR4 mRNA和蛋白的表达与临床病理特征的相关性。结果:在乳腺癌组织中,FGFR4 mRNA及蛋白的表达均高于在乳腺癌癌旁正常组织(P0.05),并且FGFR4的表达与患者淋巴结转移和Her-2相关,而与患者年龄、肿瘤大小、分化程度、ER和PR无明显相关性(P0.05)。结论:FGFR4 mRNA及蛋白在乳腺癌组织中表达升高,与淋巴结转移和Her-2有关,有望成为预测乳腺癌的转移和预后的参考指标之一。  相似文献   

13.
Although progress in clinical and basic research has significantly increased our understanding of breast cancer, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying breast cancer metastasis. Identification of effective therapeutic targets to prevent breast cancer metastasis is urgently needed. The function of mi R-503-3p has been investigated in other cancers, but its role in breast cancer remains undefined.Here, we found that mi R-503-3p was overexpressed in breast cancer tissue and plasma compared with adjacent normal breast tissue and with plasma from healthy individuals. Moreover, we identified mi R-503-3p to be an oncogene of breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Upregulation of mi R-503-3p in breast cancer cells inhibited expression of epithelialemesenchymal transition(EMT)-related protein SMAD2 and the epithelial marker protein E-cadherin by directly binding to their m RNA30 untranslated region, whereas increased expression of mesenchymal marker proteins, including vimentin and N-cadherin. Taken together, our findings support a critical role for mi R-503-3p in induction of breast cancer EMT and suggest that plasma mi R-503-3p may be a useful diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer.  相似文献   

14.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to cancer initiation and progression by silencing the expression of their target genes, causing either mRNA molecule degradation or translational inhibition. Intraductal epithelial proliferations of the breast are histologically and clinically classified into normal, atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). To better understand the progression of ductal breast cancer development, we attempt to identify deregulated miRNAs in this process using Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) tissues from breast cancer patients. Following tissue microdissection, we obtained 8 normal, 4 ADH, 6 DCIS and 7 IDC samples, which were subject to RNA isolation and miRNA expression profiling analysis. We found that miR-21, miR-200b/c, miR-141, and miR-183 were consistently up-regulated in ADH, DCIS and IDC compared to normal, while miR-557 was uniquely down-regulated in DCIS. Interestingly, the most significant miRNA deregulations occurred during the transition from normal to ADH. However, the data did not reveal a step-wise miRNA alteration among discrete steps along tumor progression, which is in accordance with previous reports of mRNA profiling of different stages of breast cancer. Furthermore, the expression of MSH2 and SMAD7, two important molecules involving TGF-β pathway, was restored following miR-21 knockdown in both MCF-7 and Hs578T breast cancer cells. In this study, we have not only identified a number of potential candidate miRNAs for breast cancer, but also found that deregulation of miRNA expression during breast tumorigenesis might be an early event since it occurred significantly during normal to ADH transition. Consequently, we have demonstrated the feasibility of miRNA expression profiling analysis using archived FFPE tissues, typically with rich clinical information, as a means of miRNA biomarker discovery.  相似文献   

15.
目的探讨乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中血管内皮生长因子C(VEGF—C)和丝裂原激活蛋白激酶p38(p38MAPK)的表达关系,以及与乳腺浸润性导管癌淋巴结转移等生物学行为的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学sP法检测70例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织及15例癌旁正常组织中VEGF-C和p38MAPK蛋白的表达,并采用Westernblot法检测13例伴有淋巴结转移的乳腺癌及12例无淋巴结转移的乳腺癌的新鲜组织中VEGF—C和p38MAPK蛋白表达。结果VEGF—C和p38MAPK在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达(阳性率分别为67.0%和61.4%)明显高于癌旁正常组织;VEGF-C和p38MAPK蛋白在伴有淋巴结转移组的乳腺癌组织中的表达均高于无淋巴结转移组(P=0.005,P=0.005);在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中VEGF-C和p38MAPK表达存在显著正相关(r=0.383,P=0.001),并与乳腺浸润性导管癌的TNM分期(P=0.019,P=0.010)有关;VEGF-C和p38MAPK蛋白表达与乳腺浸润性导管癌肿块的大小(P=0.203,P=0.086)和患者的年龄(P=0.0.266,P=0.087)无明显关系。Western blot也证实,VEGF-C和p38MAPK蛋白在有淋巴结转移组中表达高于无淋巴结转移组。结论VEGF-C和p38MAPK的蛋白表达与乳腺浸润性导管癌的淋巴结转移密切相关,其有望成为乳腺癌治疗的新靶点。  相似文献   

16.
Tumor microvessels differ in structure and metabolic function from normal vasculature, and neoangiogenesis is associated with quantitative and qualitative changes in expression of endothelial proteins. Such molecules could serve as molecular addresses differentiating the tumor vasculature from those of the normal brain. We have applied Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) against transformed endothelial cells as a complex target to select single-stranded DNA-ligands (aptamers) that function as histological markers to detect microvessels of rat experimental glioma, a fatal brain tumor that is highly vascularized. Both the SELEX selection procedure as well as subsequent deconvolution-SELEX were analyzed by fluorescence based methods (flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy). Of 25 aptamers analyzed, one aptamer was selected that selectively bound microvessels of rat brain glioblastoma but not the vasculature of the normal rat brain including peritumoral areas. The molecular target protein of aptamer III.1 was isolated from endothelial cells by ligand-mediated magnetic DNA affinity purification. This protein was identified by mass spectrometry as rat homologue of mouse pigpen, a not widely known endothelial protein the expression of which parallels the transition from quiescent to angiogenic phenotypes in vitro. Because neoangiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a key feature of tumor development, the presented aptamer can be used as a probe to analyze pathological angiogenesis of glioblastoma. The presented data show that pigpen is highly expressed in tumor microvessels of experimental rat brain glioblastoma and may play an important role in warranting blood supply, thus growth of brain tumors.  相似文献   

17.
Gene expression analysis has become a promising tool in predicting the clinical course of malignant disease and the response to antineoplastic therapy. Surprisingly, only little is known about the protein expression pattern of human tumors. Recent advances in proteomic analysis allow proteins of interest to be identified by their expression and/or modification pattern in 2-DE rather than using the traditional approach of translating gene expression data. To identify a proteomic pattern that is characteristic for malignant breast epithelium, we performed differential 2-DE analysis in sets of microdissected malignant breast epithelia and corresponding adjacent normal breast epithelia from five patients with invasive breast carcinoma. Thirty-two protein spots were found to be selectively regulated in malignant epithelium, and were subjected to MALDI-TOF and/or immunoblotting for protein identification. Thirteen of the identified proteins had previously not been associated with breast cancer. The validity of these findings was confirmed by literature review and immunohistochemistry for identified proteins in an independent cohort of 50 breast cancer specimens. We here describe, for the first time, a proteomic analysis of matched normal and malignant epithelia from invasive breast carcinomas. This strategy leads to a better understanding of oncogenesis at an operational level and helps to characterize the malignant phenotype of individual tumors, and thereby to identify novel targets for antineoplastic therapy.  相似文献   

18.
Comparative proteome analysis of breast cancer and normal breast   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
Breast cancer is a leading cause of death for women. The underlying molecular mechanism is still not well understood. In this study, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry was used to analyze changes in the proteome of infiltrating ductal carcinoma compared to normal breast tissue. Ten sets of two-dimensional gels per experimental condition were analyzed and more than 500 spots each were detected. This revealed 39 spots for which expression in breast cancer cells were reproducibly altered more than twofold compared to normal controls (p<0.01). These spots represented 25 different proteins after identification using the database search after mass spectrometry, comprising cell defense proteins, enzymes involved in glycolytic energy metabolism and homeostasis, protein folding and structural proteins, proteins involved in cytoskeleton and cell motility, and proteins involved in other functions. In addition, 28 nondifferentially expressed proteins with different functions were also mapped and identified, which might help to establish a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis reference map of human breast cancer. Our study shows that proteomics offers a powerful methodology to detect the proteins that show different expression patterns in breast cancer tissue and may provide an accurate molecular classification. The differentially expressed proteins may be used as potential candidate markers for diagnostic purposes or for determination of tumor sensitivity to therapy. The functional implications of the identified proteins are discussed.  相似文献   

19.
目的:探讨乳腺浸润性导管癌(IDC)中乳腺癌扩增性抗原1(AIB1)和增殖细胞核抗原(Ki67)蛋白的表达及临床意义。方法:选择2012年6月到2014年6月在我院经病理检查确诊为IDC患者的组织石蜡标本160例,采用链霉素-生物素(SP)免疫组化法检测标本中AIB1和Ki67蛋白的表达,多因素Logistic回归分析二者与IDC临床病理学特征的相关性。结果:AIB1、Ki67的阳性表达率分别为75.63%和80.63%。AIB1、Ki67的表达与淋巴结转移、组织学分级及TNM分期存在相关性(P0.05),且随组织学分级和TNM分期的增高,阳性表达率逐渐增高(P0.05),Ki67的表达水平随肿瘤变大,阳性率逐渐增加(P0.05)。淋巴结阳性组AIB1、Ki67的阳性表达率显著高于淋巴结阴性组(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,AIB1、Ki67的阳性表达是淋巴结转移、病理组织学分级及TNM分期的危险因素(P0.05)。结论:在IDC组织中AIB1和Ki67的阳性表达均增高,二者与IDC临床病理学特征有密切关系。  相似文献   

20.
In an attempt to find the correlation of aberrant expression of long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) with cancer, twenty-five samples of breast cancer tissue and respective adjacent normal tissue were studied for the expression of lincRNAs by RNA-seq. Among the 538 lincRNAs studied, 124 lincRNAs were exclusively expressed in cancer adjacent tissues and 62 lincRNAs were exclusively expressed in the cancer tissues. Furthermore, the expression of 134 lincRNAs was higher while 272 lower in breast cancer tissue compared with adjacent tissue. The expression of four selected lincRNAs (BC2, BC4, BC5, and BC8) was validated by semi-quantitative and real-time PCR. It was revealed that expression of lincRNA-BC5 was positively correlated with patients'' age, pathological stage, and progesterone receptor concentration, while lincRNA-BC8 was negatively correlated with progesterone receptor expression. Higher expression of lincRNA-BC4 was seen in advanced breast cancer grade. LincRNA-BC2 showed no specific changes in the pathological features studied. Interactions between selected lincRNAs and breast cancer associated proteins were highly suggested by RPIseq based on the specific secondary structure. The results demonstrated that this group of lincRNAs was aberrantly expressed in breast cancer. They might play important roles in the function of oncogenes or tumor suppressors affecting the development and progression of breast cancer.  相似文献   

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