再治疗根管内三种细菌检出及其与临床表征关系的分析研究

目的检测根管再治疗患者根管内白色假丝酵母菌、变形链球菌、古细菌三种细菌的检出率情况,并分析再治疗患者根管内白色假丝酵母菌、变形链球菌、古细菌三种细菌与临床症状之间的关系。方法临床选取89名根管再治疗患者,通过记录患牙的临床相关体征、症状等信息,去除根管内原有充填物,插入无菌纸尖60 s,与H锉刮取物一同放入EP管中,提取基因组DNA,通过PCR反应检测白色假丝酵母菌、变形链球菌、古细菌三种细菌的16S RNA,检测根管再治疗患者根管内白色假丝酵母菌、变形链球菌、古细菌三种细菌的检出率情况,并分析再治疗患者根管内白色假丝酵母菌、变形链球菌、古细菌三种细菌与临床症状之间的关系。结果根管再治疗患者根管内白色假丝酵母菌、变形链球菌、古细菌三种细菌的检出率分别为31.46%、29.21%、19.10%。在临床症状中叩痛病例组中的变形链球菌检出率高于无叩痛病例组(P0.05)。结论根管再治疗患者根管内变形链球菌的检出与临床症状中的叩痛密切相关,与根尖周破坏呈正相关。根管再治疗患者根管可以检测出白色假丝酵母菌、变形链球菌、古细菌三种细菌。     

载银纳米二氧化钛树脂基托对口腔变形链球菌、白色念珠菌和血链球菌的影响

目的研究载银纳米二氧化钛(Ag-TiO2)树脂基托对变形链球菌和白色念珠菌的体外抗菌效果,同时研究其对口腔有益菌血链球菌的影响。方法将不同质量分数的载银纳米二氧化钛抗菌粉剂添加到树脂基托材料中,制成抗菌树脂基托。采用薄膜密贴法分别检测该抗菌树脂基托对变形链球菌、白色念珠菌和血链球菌的抗菌率。结果与空白对照相比,Ag-TiO2质量分数为2.0%时,抗菌树脂基托对变形链球菌的抗菌率达95.0%,当质量分数达到3.0%时,抗菌率达到99.0%;Ag-TiO2质量分数为3.0%时,抗菌树脂基对白色念珠菌抗菌率达90.0%以上,但当Ag-TiO2质量分数达到5.0%时,仍未达到强抗菌作用;含Ag-TiO2的抗菌树脂基托对口腔有益菌血链球菌也存在一定的抑制作用,当Ag-TiO2质量分数达到5.0%,时抗菌树脂基托对变形链球菌的抗菌率达到51.6%。结论质量分数为3.0%的载银纳米二氧化钛树脂基托对变形链球菌、白色念珠菌均有抑制作用,对口腔血链球菌的杀灭作用不强,3.0%的浓度在既能杀死致病菌的同时又能最大程度保护口腔有益菌,可以很大程度上保证口腔微生态的平衡。     

龙血素A对白色假丝酵母菌毒力因子ALS3、SAP4作用的体外研究

目的研究龙血素A对白色假丝酵母菌生物膜的抑菌作用,并初步研究龙血素A是否通过影响或干扰白色假丝酵母菌毒力因子的转录和表达实现的。方法建立白色假丝酵母菌生物膜体外模型,MTT法计算龙血素A对白色假丝酵母菌生物膜的抑制率;激光共聚焦观察龙血素A对不同时间白色假丝酵母菌生物膜的抑菌效果;RT-PCR技术检测药物作用下白色假丝酵母菌毒力因子表达水平的变化。结果随着药物浓度的增加,龙血素A对白色假丝酵母菌生物膜的抑菌作用增强。激光共聚焦观察显示龙血素A使白色假丝酵母菌生物膜内活菌死菌比例下降。RT-PCR结果表明龙血素A抑制了毒力因ALS3、SAP4的表达。结论龙血素A对白色假丝酵母菌生物膜有抑制作用,并在毒力因子ALS3、SAP4的表达过程中起到明显的抑制作用。     

甲型链球菌与铜绿假单胞菌对白假丝酵母菌生长及粘附影响的体外观察

目的:观察甲型链球菌与铜绿假单胞菌对白假丝酵母菌生长及粘附的影响.方法:建立白假丝酵母菌的生长梯度模型,并引入甲型链球菌与铜绿假单胞菌或其培养后上清;建立人脐周静脉内皮细胞EVC-304的六孔板生长模型,与上述白假丝酵母菌生长梯度(引入及未引入甲型链球菌与铜绿假单胞菌)共同孵育.计数粘附数.结果:引入甲型链球菌与铜绿假单胞菌的白假丝酵母菌生长缓慢,对人脐周静脉内皮细胞的粘附数减少;而引入甲型链球菌与铜绿假单胞菌培养后上清的白假丝酵母菌生长良好.结论:甲型链球菌与铜绿假单胞菌对白假丝酵母菌生长及其对人脐周静脉内皮细胞的粘附有明显的抑制作用,且此种抑制作用与甲型链球菌与铜绿假单胞菌的分泌作用无关.     

伊犁黑蜂蜂胶对不同生长状态白假丝酵母菌抑菌作用的体外研究

目的探究伊犁黑蜂蜂胶对白假丝酵母菌游离状态及其生物膜状态的影响。方法采用NCCLS M27-A2酵母微量稀释法结合平板法测定蜂胶对游离状态下白假丝酵母菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC);玻片法在体外构建白假丝酵母菌生物膜模型,采用MTT法检测蜂胶对白假丝酵母菌生物膜状态下的最低生物膜清除浓度(MBEC)及抑制作用;激光共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)观察不同浓度蜂胶醇提取物对同一时间白假丝酵母菌生物膜的抑菌效果,并进行红蓝荧光染色定量分析。结果伊犁黑蜂蜂胶对浮游白假丝酵母菌的MIC为4mg/mL,MBC为8mg/mL;伊犁黑蜂蜂胶对生物膜状态下白假丝酵母菌的MBEC为16mg/mL,随着药物浓度的增加抑菌性逐渐增大,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);CLSM观察,伊犁黑蜂蜂胶作用于白假丝酵母菌生物膜后可使生物膜内活菌比例降低,生物膜活性减弱,生物膜内实验菌死亡率随蜂胶浓度增加呈上升趋势,与阴性对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论伊犁黑蜂蜂胶在体外对不同状态下的白假丝酵母菌均起到了明显的抑制作用。     

纳米银体外对三种微生物的抑制作用及机制

目的探讨纳米银广谱的抗菌作用及机制。方法以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌及白假丝酵母菌为研究对象,采用涂布法检测纳米银的杀菌作用,利用细菌呼吸链脱氢酶活性检测及透射电镜探讨纳米银抑菌的作用机制。结果≥0.05μg/mL的纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌及白假丝酵母菌具有明显的杀菌作用;5μg/mL的纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌及白假丝酵母菌作用60、30、15和5min均有明显的杀菌作用;纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的呼吸链脱氢酶活性具有明显的抑制作用;纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和白假丝酵母菌的菌体形态具有明显的破坏作用。结论纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和白假丝酵母菌具有高效、迅速及广谱的杀菌作用,这些作用可能与纳米银的多靶位作用机制有关。     

三种中药牙膏对口腔致病菌抑制作用的体外实验研究

目的 在体外通过实验观察3种中药牙膏对变形链球菌和白色念珠菌的抑菌作用,探讨中药牙膏对龋病及真菌感染的预防作用.方法 将两种细菌的国际标准株进行体外培养,取其第三代纯种培养物.采用纸片扩散法来评估中药牙膏的抑菌潜力.结果 实验组和对照组牙膏对2种细菌在体外均有明显的抑制其生长的作用,抑菌能力不尽相同(P＜0.05).结论 3种中药牙膏对变形链球菌和白色念珠菌生长可能有抑制作用.     

穿心莲内酯对白假丝酵母菌菌丝的影响

目的探讨中药有效成分穿心莲内酯（Andrographolide,AG）对白假丝酵母菌菌丝的影响。方法利用稀释涂布法观察AG对固体培养基上白假丝酵母菌菌落形态的影响;倒置显微镜观察AG对白假丝酵母菌芽管及菌丝形态的影响;采用xTT还原法评价AG对白假丝酵母菌菌丝活性的影响;采用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT—PCR）检测白假丝酵母菌菌丝形成相关基因SUN41、CSHl以及CaPDE2表达量变化。结果AG能影响白假丝酵母菌菌落的形态;倒置显微镜观察表明AG能够抑制白假丝酵母菌菌丝及芽管的形成;qRT-PCR检测显示AG能使SUN41和CSHl基因表达下调和使CaPDE2上调。结论穿心莲内酯可能通过影响SUN41、CSHl与CaPDE2基因的表达而抑制白假丝酵母菌菌丝的形成。     

大黄素对白假丝酵母菌抑菌作用的体外实验研究

目的研究大黄素对白假丝酵母菌的活性及其产生的生物膜的抑菌作用。方法将滴有不同浓度的大黄素药液的滤纸片放在长有白假丝酵母菌的固体培养基上,观察抑菌效果的区别。在体外建立白假丝酵母菌生物膜模型,用浓度为2.500、1.250、0.625、0.312和0.165mg/mL的大黄素溶液分别作用于已建立好的白假丝酵母菌生物膜模型,观察5个浓度的大黄素对白假丝酵母菌的抑菌效果。利用激光共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)观察各个浓度下的生物膜。结果随着大黄素浓度的增加,抑菌环直径增大,抑菌率升高。CLSM观察:大黄素作用于白假丝酵母菌生物膜,使生物膜活性降低。结论大黄素对白假丝酵母菌及其生物膜有抑制作用。     

米诺环素对临床几种常见假丝酵母菌体外药敏的初步探究

探究米诺环素在体外对常见酵母菌的药敏特点。采用Rosco纸片扩散法对168株常见的几种假丝酵母菌进行米诺环素的药敏试验。米诺环素有抑菌环的比率:白假丝酵母菌41%,光滑假丝酵母菌1.2%,热带假丝酵母菌和克柔假丝酵母菌没有抑菌环。在常见几种酵母菌中,米诺环素几乎只对白假丝酵母菌在体外有抗菌活性。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.