假单胞菌海因酶基因在大肠杆菌中的高效表达(英文)

为实现利用生物酶转化法进行D 对羟基苯甘氨酸的工业化生产 ,构建了 3株海因酶基因工程菌 .利用PCR技术从恶臭假单胞菌 (Pseudomonasputida)CPU 980 1染色体DNA中扩增得到长约1.8kb的含编码区和自身启动子的海因酶全基因 .通过将海因酶全基因插入pMD18 T质粒、海因酶基因的编码区与pET 17 b质粒重组、海因酶基因编码区和T7强启动子一起插入pMD18 T质粒分别得到重组质粒pMD dht、pET dht和pMD T7 dht.将上述重组质粒分别转化大肠杆菌 (Escherichiacoli) ,通过地高辛标记菌落原位杂交和海因酶活力测定两种方法 ,筛选出具有海因酶活力的阳性转化子 .结果表明 ,大肠杆菌的RNA聚合酶能够识别和结合来自恶臭假单胞菌海因酶基因的自身启动子 ,该启动子在大肠杆菌中能够工作 .基因工程菌E .coliBL2 1 pMD dht、E .coliBL2 1 pET dht和E .coliBL2 1 pMD T7 dht的海因酶活力分别为 170 0U L、190 0U L和 2 5 0 0U L ,比野生菌P .putidaCPU 980 1的海因酶活力分别提高了 8倍、9倍和 12倍 .薄层扫描结果显示 ,这些工程菌的海因酶表达量分别约占菌体总可溶性蛋白质的 2 0 %、31%和 5 7%.SDS PAGE显示 ,海因酶的单体分子量约为 5 0kD .经工程菌E .coliBL2 1 pMD T7 dht催化 ,底物对羟基苯海因的转化率在 13h内可达到 9     

铜绿假单胞菌LasR基因反义核酸原核表达载体的构建及对该菌毒力的影响

PCR扩增LasR基因,用反向克隆法构建LasR基因反义核酸原核表达载体pUCP18/lasRantisense并转化铜绿假单胞菌,经酶切、PCR及测序鉴定重组载体.RT-PCR检测LasB基因和LasI基因mRNA的表达,NAD法测定外毒素A的活性,紫外分光光度计测定绿脓菌素的产生水平.用转化pUCP18/lasRantisense质粒菌株感染大鼠呼吸道并进行病理组织切片检查.PCR扩增出约720bp片段,与GenBank(No:NC_002516)报道的基因片段大小一致,构建了LasR基因反义核酸原核表达载体pUCP18/lasRantisense,并成功转化铜绿假单胞菌,且有效表达,使转化菌的毒力因子弹性蛋白酶、外毒素A和绿脓菌素表达水平均降低.与标准株感染的大鼠比较,转化pUCP18/lasRantisense质粒菌株感染的大鼠支气管炎症明显减轻.上述结果表明,LasR基因反义核酸原核表达载体pUCP18/lasRantisense可以降低铜绿假单胞菌的毒力.     

Fostriecin产生菌Streptomyces pulveraceus遗传转化体系的建立与优化

【目的】建立并优化链霉菌Fostriecin产生菌Streptomyces pulveraceus的遗传转化系统。【方法】以整合型质粒pSET152为出发质粒,通过供体菌E.coli ET12567/pUZ8002与受体菌Streptomyces pulveraceus进行接合转移。【结果】确定了链霉菌Streptomyces pulveraceus的最佳接合转移条件:培养基为终浓度含15%甘氨酸的MS培养基;孢子热激条件为50°C 10 min;阿伯拉霉素覆盖的时间为18 h,终浓度为20 mg/L。同时,把组成型启动子ermE+与绿色荧光蛋白基因(gfp)克隆到pSET152载体上,通过接合转移整合到该链霉菌中,gfp获得表达。【结论】建立Fostriecin产生菌的遗传转化系统,并发现甘氨酸能显著提高链霉菌的接合转移效率。     

λ DNA酶切片段与pUC19克隆载体的构建与鉴定

目的:构建λDNA片段/p UC19重组质粒并鉴定。方法:将克隆质粒p UC19和λDNA进行Hind III酶切、碱法提取质粒,琼脂糖凝胶电泳纯化鉴定、紫外分光光度测定,T4DNA连接酶切产物、冰Ca Cl2转化E.coli DH5α菌株使之成为感受态细胞、蓝白斑筛选法筛选并鉴定重组转化子。结果:1所提质粒p UC19电泳获得预期的3条带,经由标准DNA Markar比对准确,提取浓度满足酶切需要。2酶切质粒p UC19电泳获得预期的1条带,λDNA片段电泳获得的4条带,经由标准DNA Markar比对准确。3培养皿不同区域出现数量不等的蓝色、白色菌斑。结论:应用质粒p UC19可成功构建λDNA片段/p UC19重组质粒。经鉴定,该克隆载体能够导入菌株E.coli DH5α,转化效率较高。     

Ad-hBNP重组腺病毒的构建

目的:构建携带人BNP cDNA片段高效重组腺病毒Ad-hBNP,为实验提供研究工具.方法:从人心肌组织提取的RNA,用RT-PCR方法中获得hBNP扩增片段,与pUCm-T载体连接构成pUC-hBNP重组质粒;用KpnI、SalI分别双酶切pUC-hBNP和pAd-Track-CMV,将目的片段插入pAd-Track-CMV构建重组质粒pAdTrack-CMV-hBNP;pAdTrack-CMV-hBNP重组质粒经Pmcl酶切线性化后,电转法转入含有腺病毒骨架质粒的E.coli BJ5183感受态细胞中,同源重组获得重组质粒pAdEasy-hBNP;经BamHI、PacI酶切鉴定及基因序列检测后,重组成功的pAdEasy-hBNP经阳离子脂质体法转染HEK293T细胞,经过包装、扩增和纯化后,测定病毒滴度,电镜检测病毒形态.结果:转染HEK293T细胞5-6天GFP呈"彗星"状;重组腺病毒滴度为1.1×1012V.P/ml;电镜检测重组腺病毒为多面体结构.结论:应用Ad-Easy缺陷性腺病毒载体系统成功构建重组腺病毒Ad-hBNP,为进一步基因治疗研究提供分子生物学工具.     

RP4质粒及其带动的硫杆菌重组质粒psDt125在氧化硫硫杆菌中的接合转移

本实验选择了一种大肠杆菌(E.coli)和氧化硫硫杆菌(Thiobacillusthiooxidans)均能生长的接合培养基。以大肠杆菌E.coli C600(RP4)为供体,以氧化硫硫杆菌T.t-3为受体,通过接合,直接将RP4质粒转移到氧化硫硫杆菌中,其Km~r,Tc~r基因得到表达,但Ap~r基因不表达。再将RP4质粒反向接合转移到E.coliHB101上,其三个抗性基因均表达。并且利用RP4质粒的带动将硫杆菌重组质粒psDt125直接转入氧化硫硫杆菌,其Cm~r基因表达。从而为氧化硫硫杆菌的基因工程改造提供了一条简便可行的遗传信息转移途径。     

伤寒沙门菌耐药质粒体内接合转移的研究

目的研究伤寒沙门菌耐药质粒pRST98在小鼠体内向大肠埃希菌的接合转移,比较质粒在体内、外接合转移的异同。方法由于伤寒沙门菌是一种只对人类致病的病原菌,因此将伤寒沙门菌的耐药质粒pRST98导入遗传背景明确的鼠伤寒沙门菌低毒株RIA中,用接合子pRST98/RIA口饲BALB/c小鼠进行体内接合转移。结果在体外伤寒沙门菌很容易将pRST98转移给大肠埃希菌E.coliK12W1485(F-)RifrLac+,该接合子又可将pRST98转移给鼠伤寒沙门菌RIA,但在不同宿主菌中耐药标志的表达有差异。未经人工感染小鼠肠道分离的大肠埃希菌耐药情况严重,口饲pRST98/RIA后出现了部分耐药标志与pRST98耐药谱相同的大肠埃希菌,但有些抗生素的耐药标记未能表达。质粒检测显示体内形成的接合子均含耐药质粒pRST98。结论伤寒沙门菌耐药质粒pRST98在动物体内、外均可转移给大肠埃希菌,但同一质粒在体内、外大肠埃希菌株中耐药标志表达有差异,即使在同一小鼠体内分离的不同接合子,pRST98/E.coli菌株耐药性亦有不同,显示耐药质粒表达的多样性和复杂性。     

含CSFV E2基因A/D区原核表达载体的构建、表达及其抗原性研究

应用RT PCR方法扩增了编码猪瘟病毒石门株 (CSFVshimenstrain)囊膜糖蛋白E2全基因 ,然后将其克隆到pMD 1 8T质粒中 ,获得重组质粒pMD E2。再以pMD E2为模板 ,另行设计两对引物 ,同时扩增其中一段适于在E .coli中表达且抗原反应性较好的基因片段 (E2蛋白A D抗原区基因序列 ) ,将扩增的两片段串联插入原核表达载体pET 32a中构建成重组质粒pET 2e。用酶切和序列分析鉴定插入目的基因的正确性。SDS PAGE和Western blot分析表明 ,经pET 2e转化、IPTG诱导的受体菌可表达目的蛋白 ,克隆在硫氧还蛋白 (thioredoxinprotein ,TrxA)基因下游的E2蛋白基因与TrxA基因获得了高效融合表达 ,并且具有免疫学反应活性 ,这为猪瘟的血清学诊断方法的建立打下了基础 。     

变铅青链霉菌内源线性质粒接合转移必需功能区的鉴定

通常细菌间环型质粒在接合转移过程中,单链质粒DNA在质粒内部“oriT”接合转移起始位点发生缺刻.随后,打开的单链质粒DNA通过细胞膜的Ⅳ型分泌系统转移到受体菌中.但是,链霉菌中的接合型线型质粒带有游离3′端,5′端与末端蛋白结合,因而不能以细胞-细胞间方式转移单链缺刻DNA.报道了变铅青链霉菌线型质粒SLP2衍生的环型质粒,与SLP2一样可以高频高效接合转移,并鉴定了接合转移功能区.质粒有效的接合转移功能区包含6个共转录的基因,分别编码一个Tra样的DNA转移酶、胞壁水解酶、2个膜蛋白(可以与ATP结合蛋白相互作用)和一个功能未知的蛋白质.从SalⅠR-/M-向SalⅠR/M宿主转移的质粒频率下降表明,线型和环型的质粒都是以双链的形式转移的.上述研究结果表明SLP2衍生的线型质粒和环型质粒以相似的与细胞膜/胞壁功能相关的机理进行接合转移.     

零背景转座技术高效构建重组家蚕杆状病毒表达系统

摘要：【目的】获得零转座背景的基于家蚕核型多角体病毒(Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus, BmNPV) Bac-to-Bac 系统,为高效经济构建重组BmNPV在家蚕体内表达目标蛋白提供新系统。【方法】利用R6Kγ作为复制子构建新的条件复制型杆状病毒转移载体pRADM,同时封闭BmNPV-Bacmid（BmBacmid）宿主菌（Escherichia coli BmDH10Bac）的Tn7转座受体位点attTn7,获得新的封闭型宿主菌E.coli BmDH10Bac△Tn7。【结果】由于pRADM无法在宿主菌E.coli BmDH10Bac中复制,封闭了attTn7位点的宿主菌也不能再和BmBacmid竞争与转移载体的重组,显著提高了转座效率。封闭宿主菌的attTn7位点,能使转座效率提高近4倍,使用条件复制型转座载体pRADM时,转座效率提高近10倍。而用pRADM转座E.coli BmDH10Bac△Tn7时,转座阳性率为100％。避免了获得重组病毒DNA的鉴定程序,缩短了获得重组蛋白所需时间。用携带红色荧光蛋白基因DsRed的重组质粒pRADM-Red转座E.coli BmDH10Bac△Tn7,获得重组BmBacmid转染BmN细胞,红色荧光蛋白在细胞中得到高效表达。【结论】结果表明pRADM和E.coli BmDH10Bac△Tn7是一种零背景高效构建重组BmNPV的新系统。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.