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Science in China Series C: Life Sciences, an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and published by Science in China Press, is committed to publishing high-quality, original results in both basic and applied research. Science in China Series C: Life Sciences is published in both print and electronic forms. It is indexed by Science Citation Index.     

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics (JGG,for-merly known as Acta Genetica Sinica) is one of China’s leading journals in life sciences.JGG is spon-sored by the Genetics Society of China and the Insti-tute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese     

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Science in China Series C-Life Sciences (Sci China Ser C-Life Sci) is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic jour-nal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,     

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology (Formerly Acta Botanica Sinica) is the official English language journal of the Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Botanical Society of China, and publishes original research articles, rapid communications and reviews dealing with all aspects of plant science.     

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Acta Zoologica Sinica is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed journal and publishes original articles, reviews, viewpoints, research methods, information about academic conferences and reviews on new books in all aspects of Zoology, and particularly welcome contributions in research fields of ecology,behaviorial biology, evolutionary biology and biogeography.     

Information for Authors

Acta Zoologica Sinica is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed journal and publishes original articles, reviews, viewpoints, research methods, information about academic conferences and reviews on new books in all aspects of Zoology, and particularly welcome contributions in research fields of ecology, behaviorial biology, evolutionary biology and biogeography.     

Information for Authors

Acta Zoologica Sinica is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed journal and publishes original articles, reviews, viewpoints, research methods, information about academic conferences and reviews on new book sin all aspects of Zoology, and particularly welcome contributions in research fields of ecology, behaviorial biology, evolutionary biology and biogeography.     

Information for authors

Science in China Series C: Life Sciences, an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and p     

Endophenotypes for psychiatric disorders: ready for primetime?

It is increasingly accepted that the imprecision of categorical psychiatric diagnoses can be a limiting factor in understanding the genetic basis of human behavioral abnormalities. Genetic investigation of endophenotypes--more precisely defined quantitative traits hypothesized to underlie disease syndromes--offers great promise as an alternative or complement to studies of categorical disease phenotypes. However, there is not yet standardization of the methods by which candidate endophenotypes should be chosen and applied. Fruitful endophenotype studies depend on the selection of heritable, quantitative traits that can be objectively and reliably measured. In this article, we propose guidelines for such investigations for psychiatric disorders, using endophenotypes previously proposed for bipolar disorder as particular examples. Gene expression studies and non-human primate models are recent developments in which an endophenotype approach might prove particularly valuable.     

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Acta Zoologica Sinicais a bi monthly, peer-re-viewed journal and publishes original articles , re-views , viewpoints , research methods , informationabout academic conferences andreviews on newbooksin all aspects of Zoology, and particularly welcomecontri…