应用荧光原位杂交技术检测人β^E珠蛋白基因小鼠染色体上的整合状态

为将荧光原位杂交技术应用于基因定位研究中,探讨一种能有效地检测转基因动物染色体上外源基因整合状态的实验方法,对小鼠腹腔注射秋水仙素后,取转基因小鼠骨髓制备中期染色体,将传统的FISH方法加以改进,检测外源基因在转基因小鼠染色体上的整合状态。检测结果表明,外源人β^E珠蛋白基因已稳定地整合于小鼠染色体上,FISH能直观地反映外源基因在转基因动物染色体上的整合状态,该方法可对转基因动物及基因转移研究中的外源基因整合反进行染色体定位检测。     

人α—珠蛋白基因表达调控研究进展

人α－类珠蛋白基因簇位于１６号染色体的短臂近端粒区,由４个功能基因和３个假基因组成,其中,ζ－珠蛋白基因在胚胎期表达,α２、α１和θ珠蛋白基因在胎儿和成人期表达。α－类珠蛋白基因的主要调控序列位于ζ－珠蛋白基因上游４０ｋｂ的位置,称为ＨＳ－４０,另外还存在其它的ＨＳ－位点。在ＨＳ－４０和各种珠蛋白基因启动子上有多种红系和通用反式作用因子的结合位点,它们间的协同作用保证了α－类珠蛋白基因表达的组织和     

人类珠蛋白基因表达的遗传控制

人类珠蛋白基因表达的遗传控制曾溢滔,任兆瑞,黄淑帧（上海市儿童医院上海医学遗传研究所上海２０００４０）一、血红蛋白的遗传人类珠蛋白基因可以说是基因组中最具有代表性的基因,不仅由于它本身的遗传复杂性是研究人类基因组结构及其表达的理想材料,而且珠蛋白基因突变的多样性导致的血红蛋白合成异常（如各种类型的地中海贫血综合征和异常血红蛋白病）也是研究基因的结构和功能关系的典型模型。     

羟基脲（Hydroxyurea）对细胞周期与珠蛋白基因表达的影响（简报）

Although the hydroxyurea (HU) has been extensively studied, little is known of its molecular mechanism in controlling the expression of human globin gene and in modulating the progression of cell-cycle in K 562 cell. In the present study, the effect of hydroxyurea on proliferative kinetics of K 562 cells was examined by monitoring the number of cells during a period of 8 day's cell culture. Our results showed that there was a dose related decrease in cell growth when K562 cells were incubated with HU. Moreover, cell-cycle analysis demonstrated that HU had profound effect on cell-cycle distribution. In the case of the induced K 562 cells, there was an increased accumulation of cells in S phase and a decreased fraction of cells in G 1 and G 2 + M phase. Furthermore, HU could induce the expression of human beta-globin gene in the induced K 562 cells. Our results indicate that HU has a potential to inhibit the proliferation of K 562 cells and to stimulate the terminal differentiation of this cell.     

IL—3对人红白血病细胞株珠蛋白基因表达的影响

运用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ等方法研究了白细胞介素－３（ＩＬ－３）对人类红白血病细胞株（Ｋ５６２细胞）内珠蛋白基因表达的影响,结果显示,Ｋ５６２细胞在诱导前,不能表达β－珠蛋白基因,用ＩＬ－３５０ｕ／ｍｌ诱导Ｋ５６２细胞３ｄ和５ｄ后,可检测到β珠蛋白基因的转录产物,而α珠蛋白基因和γ－珠蛋白基因在诱导前后无明显变化,同时,用苯肼当色细胞的方法检测到：Ｋ５６２细胞在诱导前蓝染细胞数极少,ＩＬ－３诱导Ｋ５６２细胞     

基因表达常规分析方法概述

在基因表达的分析中,RNA转录的稳态水平是检测细胞株和组织的基因表达活性的最方便的参数之一.本概述了用于检测mRNA丰度的常规分析方法,即Northern印迹、RNase保护试验和实时定量PCR技术,特别是为对数量不多的基因进行表达情况的测定时提供了较为实用的方法.     

RNase保护法同时检测黄体生成素受体及17a—羟化酶的mRNA

睾酮是组织中主要雌激素雌二醇的前体,在卵巢内睾酮绝大部分转为雌二醇,睾酮的生成直接受垂体的黄体生成素和睾酮合成的限速酶１７ａ－羟化酶的调控,用液相杂交的方法,同时检测了卵巢组织中黄体生成素受体和１７ａ－羟化酶的基因表达,并摸索出了最适条件。为今后进一步研究卵巢的功能,提供了新的手段。     

应用荧光原位杂交技术检测人βE珠蛋白基因在转基因小鼠染色体上的整合状态

为将荧光原位杂交技术应用于基因定位研究中,探讨一种能有效地检测转基因动物染色体上外源基因整合状态的实验方法,对小鼠腹腔注射秋水仙素后,取转基因小鼠骨髓制备中期染色体,将传统的FISH方法加以改进,检测外源基因在转基因小鼠染色体上的整合状态.检测结果表明,外源人βE珠蛋白基因已稳定地整合于小鼠染色体上.FISH能直观地反映外源基因在转基因动物染色体上的整合状态,该方法可对转基因动物及基因转移研究中的外源基因整合后进行染色体定位检测。 Abstract:To determine the integration site of human βE globin gene in the chromosomes of transgenic mice, transgenic mice carrying human βE globin gene were injected intraperitoneally with colchicines, then, bone marrow cells wereisolated and metaphase chromosomes were prepared, the traditional FISH method was improved to detect the integration site of humanβE globin gene in transgenic mice when combined with G-banding. Human t3E globin gene can bedetected in different position of different chromosomes in transgenic mice and FISH signals showed that two mice were heterozygous of human 13E globin gene and one was homozygous. Human t3E globin gene was integrated into thechromosomes of transgenic mice in a random pattern and the results demonstrated that FISH can be used to investigate the integration site of foreign genes in transgenic mice.     

氯化高铁血红素诱导K562细胞中β-珠蛋白基因表达的研究

以绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）基因为报道基因,构建了在β-珠蛋白启动子驱动及HS2元件调控下的重组表达载体HG,用脂质体转染法将其转染到K562细胞中,并用RT-PCR方法及流式细胞仪检测氯化高铁血红素(Hm)对K562细胞中β-珠蛋白基因表达及重组载体HG在K562细胞中瞬时表达的影响。结果显示：用30μmol/L Hm诱导K562细胞24、48及72h后,不仅其γ-珠蛋白mRNA水平升高,其β-珠蛋白mRNA水平也明显上升,而且这种诱导作用在诱导24、48h后比较明显;Hm还可增强重组表达载体HG在K562细胞中的瞬时表达。提示Hm诱导红系分化的机理可能与γ→β-珠蛋白基因的转换机制相关。 Abstract: The recombinant plasmid HG was constructed,in which the reporter gene encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was driven by the β-globin promoter and regulated under the HS2 element.The inductive effect of hemin on the expression of the β-globin gene and transiently transfected β-globin genes in K562 cells was analysed by FACS as well as RT-PCR method.The results showed that the level of γ and β-globin gene mRNA in K562 cells increased significantly after 24,48 and 72 hours induced with 30 μmol/LHm.And this inductive effect was sronger after 24 and 48 hours.Furthermore,the transient expression of plasmid HG in K562 cells increased significantly with hemin induction.These results indicated that the mechanism of inductive erythroid differentiation with hemin may be correlated with mechanism of γ→β-globin gene.     

应用荧光原位杂交技术检测人βE珠蛋白基因在转基因小鼠染色体上的整合状态

为将荧光原位杂交技术应用于基因定位研究中,探讨一种能有效地检测转基因动物染色体上外源基因整合状态的实验方法,对小鼠腹腔注射秋水仙素后,取转基因小鼠骨髓制备中期染色体,将传统的FISH方法加以改进,检测外源基因在转基因小鼠染色体上的整合状态.检测结果表明,外源人βE珠蛋白基因已稳定地整合于小鼠染色体上.FISH能直观地反映外源基因在转基因动物染色体上的整合状态,该方法可对转基因动物及基因转移研究中的外源基因整合后进行染色体定位检测。 Abstract:To determine the integration site of human βE globin gene in the chromosomes of transgenic mice, transgenic mice carrying human βE globin gene were injected intraperitoneally with colchicines, then, bone marrow cells wereisolated and metaphase chromosomes were prepared, the traditional FISH method was improved to detect the integration site of humanβE globin gene in transgenic mice when combined with G-banding. Human t3E globin gene can bedetected in different position of different chromosomes in transgenic mice and FISH signals showed that two mice were heterozygous of human 13E globin gene and one was homozygous. Human t3E globin gene was integrated into thechromosomes of transgenic mice in a random pattern and the results demonstrated that FISH can be used to investigate the integration site of foreign genes in transgenic mice.     

转基因小鼠中外源基因遗传及表达稳定性的研究

挑选两个乳汁中人凝血因子IX（hFIX）表达量相差较大的转基因小鼠家系,分别用PCR、Southern blot、FISH和ELISA对两个家系中的小鼠进行检测。结果显示后代小鼠的转基因阳性率为50%左右;外源基因的整合是完整的,没有发现可见的丢失现象;家系中的各个小鼠表达量有差异,FIX-33家系中hFIX在乳汁中的表达量为（43.32±5.41）?g/mL;FIX-124家系中hFIX在乳汁中的表达量是（1.16±0.45）?g/mL。而两个家系之间的表达量则差异极为显著(P<0.01)。这表明原代转基因小鼠的遗传及表达特性可以得到稳定的传递。     

定量测定黑鲷生长激素受体mRNA的液相杂交/RNase保护法

目的　建立液相杂交 核糖核酸酶保护测定 (RibonucleaseProtectionAssay,RPA)技术定量检测黑鲷(Sparusmacrocephalus)生长激素受体mRNA水平。方法　将黑鲷生长激素受体cDNA片断亚克隆至pGEM T载体 ,制备特异性的放射性反义RNA探针及正义RNA ,将反义RNA探针与正义RNA及样品总RNA进行液相杂交 ,用RNaseA和RNaseT1 降解杂交产物的单链RNA ,双链杂交体得到保护 ,然后检测杂交体的分子大小及放射强度。结果　检测出了黑鲷生长激素受体反义RNA探针与正义RNA及样品总RNA的特异性杂交片断 ,由此建立了定量测定黑鲷生长激素受体mRNA的液相杂交 RNase保护法 ,并采用该方法在黑鲷的多种组织中检测出了生长激素受体基因的表达 ,表达水平在肝脏中最高。该结果与我们曾采用生长激素放射受体分析法对黑鲷生长激素受体所研究的结果相吻合。结论　为进一步深入研究鱼类生长激素受体分子内分泌的调控理论提供了有力手段。     

A Rapid and Reliable PCR-based Assay for Gene Transmission and Sex Determination in Newborn Transgenic Mice

This article describes a reliable and rapid method for simultaneous detection of a transgene and sex determination in the newborn mouse pups by PCR using three sets of primers in a single reaction. One set of sense/antisense primers is used to amplify the experimental transgene (androgen receptor gene in this case), the second set for the mouse Y-chromosome-specific SRY gene, and the third set for the subunit of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), an internal control. This procedure allowed us to promptly analyze pups born from transgenic founders carrying the androgen receptor transgene and, at the same time, establish the sex of the animals. The method is simple, rapid and highly reproducible.     

重组人apoE基因表达活性和转基因小鼠研究

人apoE基因组DNA,去除其自身启动子,代之以小鼠金属硫蛋白启动子,重组质粒经脂质体介导转入小鼠NIH／3T3细胞后,以人apoE基因组DNA／EcoRⅠ片段为探针检测mRNA表达,可见apoEmRNA杂交信号很强,经重金属诱导后杂交信号更强,表明MT启动子功能良好,pME表达正常．将人apoE基因组DNA用显微注射法导入小鼠受精卵雄性原核,再将胚胎移植入假孕母鼠输卵管内,仔鼠分娩四周后,自鼠尾提取DNA,鉴定人apoEDNA在小鼠染色体上的整合,最终得到有人apoE基因整合的转基因首建鼠．     

RNase A及其链亲和素融合蛋白在pET系统中的表达

在大肠杆菌中用pET28a表达载体表达重组RNaseA。变性条件下,利用His-Resin亲和纯化,得到60mg／L电泳纯的RNaseA。纯化的RNaseA复性后,利用含大量RNA分子的碱法抽提质粒为底物,测定重组RNaseA活性,与商品化的RNaseA活性相当。同时在RNaseA活性测定体系中加入4mol／L尿素会使RNA分子切割效率提高10倍左右。在此基础上,成功表达RNaseA与链亲和素(streptavidjn)的融合蛋白,经纯化复性后,该融合蛋白同时具有核酸酶、biotin结合活性,在分子生物学中具有重要的应用价值。     

KLFs对珠蛋白基因表达和红系分化的调控作用

Krüppel样因子(Krüppel-like factors, KLFs)是一组与真核基因转录调控密切相关的锌指蛋白.KLFs高度保守的羧基末端含3个串联的Cys2His2型锌指结构,用于结合GC盒和CACCC盒等DNA序列. 红细胞中特异表达的珠蛋白基因和许多红系调控因子中都含有CACCC盒.已有研究发现,多个KLFs通过结合CACCC盒参与调控珠蛋白基因表达和红系分化,例如,KLF1通过结合β-珠蛋白启动子和位点控制区(locus control region, LCR),促进β-珠蛋白的表达、γ-向β-珠蛋白基因的转换和红系分化;KLF2、KLF11和KLF13分别促进ε-和γ-珠蛋白基因的表达;KLF4促进α-和γ-珠蛋白基因的表达;KLF3和KLF8则抑制ε-和γ-珠蛋白基因的表达. 本文综述了KLFs调控珠蛋白基因表达和红系分化的研究进展.