山东四种草本植物的核型研究

本文对山东４种草本植物进行了染色体研究。结果表明：阿尔泰狗哇花（Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｐａｐｐｕｓａｌ ｔａｉｃｕｓ（Ｗｉｌｄ）Ｎａｖｏｐｏｋｒ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝３６,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝３６＝３６ｍ,核型“１Ａ”型;求米草（Ｏｐｌｉｓｍｅｎｕｓｕｎｄｕｌａｔｉｆｏｌｉｕｓ（Ａｒｄｕｉｎｏ）ＲｏｅｍｅｔＳｃｈｕｌｔ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝１２,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１２＝８ｍ＋４ｓｍ,核型“２Ａ”型;红秋葵（Ｈｉｂｉｓｃｕｓｃｏｃｉｎｅｕｓ（Ｍｅｄｉｃ）Ｗａｌｔ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝３８,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝３８＝１４ｍ＋２２ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ,核型“２Ｂ”型;蟋蟀草（Ｅｌｅｕｓｉｎｅｉｎｄｉｃａ（Ｌ）Ｇａｅｒｔｎ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝１８,核型公式为ｋ（２ｎ）＝１８＝１６ｍ＋２ｓｍ,核型“２Ａ”型。     

刺激中缝背核调制小脑间位核神经元电活动

刺激中缝背核（ｄｏｒｓａｌｒａｐｈｅｎｕｃｌｅｕｓ,ＤＲ）可以引起小脑间位核（ｉｎｔｅｒｐｏｓｅｄｎｕｃｌｅｕｓ,ＩＮ）神经元抑制,兴奋和双相（抑制－兴奋和兴奋－抑制）３种不同类型的反应,其中以抑制反应为主（７６．０％）,多数细胞的反应潜伏期〈３０ｍｓ。ＩＮ细胞的自发放电频率为５－１２０Ｈｚ,自发放电频率高的神经元群体对ＤＲ刺激的反应率却比自发放电频率低的群体低。静脉注射５－ＨＴ２／１ｃ受体阻断剂     

鸣禽与非鸣禽后丘脑核团神经联系的比较研究

鸣禽与非鸣禽后丘脑核团神经联系的比较研究关键词鸣禽，非鸣禽，后丘脑核团鸣禽丘脑葡萄形核（Ｕｖａ，ｎｕｃｌｅｕｓｕｖａｃｆｏｒｍｉｓ）与非鸣禽后丘脑背外侧核尾部（ｃＤＬＰ，ｎｕｃｌｅｕｓｄｏｒｓｏｌａｔｅｒａｌｌｉｓｐｏｓｔｅｒｉｏｒｔｈａｌａｍｉ，ｐ...     

云南省虫六新种（目：亚目）

本文报道了采自云南省地表枯枝落叶层的目　６新种,隶属６科６属,分别是褐带单烟Ｃａｅｃｉｌｉｉｕｓｓｐａｄｌｃｉｔａｅｎｓｉｓ（单科Ｃａｅｃｉｌｉｉｄａｅ）,褐痣塔　Ｔａｇａｌｏｐｓｏｃｕｓ　ｐｈａｅｏｓｔｉｇｍｕｓ（双科Ａｍｐｈｉｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）,双钩外　Ｅｃｔｏｐｓｏｃｕｓｂｉｕｎｎｃｉａｌｉｓ（外科Ｅｃｔｏｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）,中斑围　Ｐｅｒｉｐｓｏｃｕｓｍｅｄｉｍａｃｕｌａｒｉｓ（围　科Ｐｅｒｉｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）,小头触　Ｐｓｏｃｏｃｅｒａｓｔｉｓｃａｐｉｔｕｌａｔｉｓ（　科Ｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）及单钩苔鼠　Ｌｉｃｈｅｎｏｍｉｍａｈａｍａｔａ（鼠　科Ｍｙｏｐｓｏｃｉｄａｅ）。模式标本保存于北京农业大学昆虫标本馆。文中量度单位为ｍｍ。     

猕猴属6个种的rDNA变异及其系统进化关系

以人２８Ｓ,１８Ｓ,ｒＤＮＡ为探针,用１５种限制性内切酶构建了猕猴属６个种（Ｍ．ｍｕｌａｔｔａ,Ｍ．ｆａｃｓｉｃｕｌａｒｉｓｆＭ．ａｒｃｔｏｉｄｅｓ,Ｍ．ａｓｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ．Ｍ．ｔｈｉｂｅｔａｎａ．Ｍ。ｎｅｍｅｓｔｒｉｎａ）和滇金丝猴Ｒｈｉｎｏｐｉｔｈｅｃｕｓｂｉｅｔｉ）,白颊长臂猿（Ｈｙｌｏｂａｔｅｓｌｅｕｃｏｇｅｎｙｓ）核糖体ＤＮＡ重复单位的限制性内切酶图谱,红面猴（Ｍ．ａｒｃｔｏｉｅｓ）与     

家鸽、黄雀和黄喉鹀耳蜗核的定位与比较

向非鸣禽家鸽（Ｃｏｌｕｍｂａ ｌｉｖｉａ ｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｕｓ）和鸣禽黄雀（Ｃａｒｄｕｅｌｉｓ ｓｐｉｎｕｓ）、黄喉鹀（Ｅｍｂｅｒｉｚａ, ｅｌｅｇａｎｓ）耳蜗内注射 ＨＲＰ作顺行追踪表明,耳蜗纤维组成第八脑神经的听支（ Ｎ Ⅷ）后,分别投射至延髓的角状核（ＮＡ）和巨细胞核（ＮＭ）,由 ＮＡ及 ＮＭ两个亚核组成耳蜗核（ｎｕｃｌｅｕｓ ｃｏｃｈｌｅａ）,它是听觉的上行通路中的第一级中继站,延髓层状核并不接受耳蜗纤维的直接投射。家鸽与黄雀、黄喉鹀之间的ＮＡ、ＮＭ及ＮⅧ在形态和分布上都有较明显的差别。     

中国西南志留纪的豆海百合类

描述了豆海百合类２属７种，它们是：Ｐｉｓｏｃｒｉｎｕｓ（Ｐ．）ｐｉｌｕｌａ，Ｐ．（Ｇ．）ｋｏｓｏｖｅｎｓｉｓ，Ｐ．（Ｇ．）ｂｏｈｅｍｉｃｕｓ，Ｐａｍｐｉｓｏｃｒｉｎｕｓｏｌｌｕｌａ，Ｐ．Ｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｕｓ，以及Ｐｉｓｏｃｒｉｎｕｓ（Ｇ．）ｂｒｅｖｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和Ｐａｒａｐｉｓｏｃｒｉｎｕｓｐａｔｅｒｉｆｏｒｍｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．；并首次发现了Ｐ．（Ｇ．）ｂｏｈｅｍｉｃｕｓ萼杯内腔的内部钙质骨胳构造。同时，还就波希米亚豆海百合种内变异和豆海百合类的对称性进行了研究。     

中国鳞虫兆属Tom ocerus四新种(弹尾目:鳞虫兆科)

本文记述了中国鳞虫兆属Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ４新种,即紫胸鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ（Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｐｕｒ－ｐｕｒｉｔｈｏｒｕｓ, ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ．, （四川）; 白鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍｏｃｅｒｕｓ（Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｃａｌｃｅｕｓ, ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ．, （四川）;巨鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍｏｃｅｒｕｓ（ｓ．ｓｔｒ．）ｍ ａｘｉｍｕｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．（四川）;小鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ（ｓ．ｓｔｒ．）ｅｍ ｅｉｃｕｓ, ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ． （四川）。模式标本保存于绵阳经济技术高等专科学校农艺系昆虫标本室。１． 紫胸鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ（Ｔｏｍｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｐｕｒｐｕｒｉｔｈｏｒｕｓ, 新种（图１）鉴别特征：本种与Ｔ．（Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｍ ｉｎｕｔｕｓＴｕｌｌｂｅｒｇ １８７６ 非常相似,但其下列特征可与后者相区别：弹器齿节刺的刺式为５／７,１,弹器端节间齿数为５～７,爪内齿数为１,１,１,握弹器体上刚毛数为５支。正模：♀,四川峨眉山,１９－ ＩＶ－ １９９５,刘永琴;副模：４♀♀２♂♂,同正模。２． 白鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ （Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｃａｌｃｅｕｓ, 新种（图２）鉴别特征：本种与Ｔ．（Ｔｏｍｏｃｅｒｉ     

架棚中酚类化合物的研究

从架棚（ＣｅｒａｔｏｓｔｉｇｍａｍｉｎｕｓＳｔａｐｆｅｘＰｒａｉｎ）的乙酸乙酯部分分离得到１４个酚类化合物。经波谱技术,特别是２ＤＮＭＲ技术鉴定,其中化合物ｐｌｕｍｂｏｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎｓＡ（１）和Ｂ（２）为新化合物。其他１２个化合物被分别鉴定为ｐｌｕｍｂｏｌａｃｔｏｎｅＡ（３）、ｐｌｕｍｂａｂｉｃａｃｉｄ（４）、ｉｓｏｓｈｉｎａｎｏｌｏｎｅ（５）、ｅｐｉｓｏｓｈｉｎａｎｏｌｏｎｅ（６）、Ｎｔｒａｎｓｃａｆｅｏｙｌｔｙｒａｍｉｎｅ、Ｎｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｕｌｏｙｌｔｙｒａｍｉｎｅ、ａｐｏｃｙｎｉｎ、ｖａｎｉｌｉｃａｃｉｄ、ｓｙｒｉｎｇｉｃａｃｉｄ、ｇａｌｏｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎ、（＋）ｃａｔｅｃｈｉｎ和１,２,６ｔｒｉＯｇａｌｏｙｌｇｌｕｃｏｓｅ。     

南川前胡化学成分的研究

从伞形科前胡属南川前胡的根中分离得到７个化合物,通过理化常数和波这方法确定了其结构,分别是ｄｅｌｔｏｉｎ,佛手相内酯（ｂｅｒｇａｒｐｔｅｎ）,丁二酸（ｓｕｃｃｉｎｉｃ ａｃｉｄ）,甘露醇（ｄ－ｍａｎｎｉｔｏｌ）,二十五烷酸（ｐｅｎｔａｃｏｓａｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）和胡萝卜甙（ｄａｕｃｏｓｔｅｒｅｌ）。以上化合物均为从本植物中首次分得。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.