甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊联合液氮冷冻治疗斑秃的疗效

为了研究观察不同剂量的甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊联合液氮冷冻治疗斑秃的疗效分析,以及检测甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊对患者肝肾功能的影响,进一步阐明甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊对斑秃治疗的效果与对人体的健康影响,本研究以仅使用液氮冷冻治疗斑秃为对照组,设低剂量甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊联合液氮为低剂量组(50 mg/次),高剂量甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊联合液氮为高剂量组(200 mg/次),一日3次,共治疗12周,以斑秃皮损面积及严重程度指数(PASI)评分为疗效评价。采用血液生化检验(肝,肾功检查)检测3组治疗前后的丙氨酸氯基转移酶、尿素氮和肌酐水平。研究结果表明,治疗后高剂量组总有效率(92.50%)高于低剂量组(82.50%)及对照组(55.00%)(p<0.05)。高剂量组PASI评分及治疗前后丙氨酸氯基转移酶、尿素氮、肌酐水平相对于低剂量组及对照组无统计学意义(p>0.05)。本研究初步结论表明,高剂量的甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊联合液氮治疗斑秃疗效显著高于甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊联合液氮及仅使用液氮冷冻治疗;甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊安全可靠,不影响患者的肝肾功能。     

青龙肠溶胶囊缓解癌性疼痛12例报告

青龙肠溶胶囊缓解癌性疼痛１２例报告解放军３５０３石职工医院马根埏恶性肿瘤晚期,往往伴随难以忍受的疼痛,我们加用青龙肠溶胶囊联合治疗１２例,取得满意效果,报道如下。１资料、方法与结果１．１一般资料近年我院收治晚期恶性肿瘤伴有剧烈疼痛者２１例。男１５例,...     

应用芬太尼透皮贴剂减轻中度癌痛

目的观察芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗中度癌痛病人的效果,为恰当选择使用芬太尼透皮贴剂的时机提供临床依据。方法2003年3月~12月在哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院宁养院接受宁养服务的中度癌痛患者108例,单中心开放试验给药,自身对照方法进行研究,观察周期28天。结果符合入组标准患者108例,其中完成15天连续用药患者98例,治疗前疼痛评分平均为5.2173±0.3185,第15天为0.9184±0.7822,其中79.6%的患者达到基本无痛,其他患者仅有轻度疼痛,从平均用药剂量及疼痛评分变化曲线图可以发现,疼痛强度很快下降,而平均药物剂量增长缓慢,尽早给癌痛患者进行规范化的疼痛处理,相对较低的剂量即可取得良好镇痛效果。结论芬太尼透皮贴剂可以安全用于中度癌痛的治疗。我们认为最佳使用时机为常规一、二阶梯镇痛药物效果不满意,疼痛评分在4~6分以上即可使用,尽早减轻疼痛,提高患者的生活质量。     

丽珠肠乐胶囊治疗重症肝炎肠胀气28例

重症肝炎是严重危及患者生命的一个常见疾病。临床上患者表现为深度黄疸 ,极度乏力 ,频繁呕吐 ,意识障碍 ,腹胀(肠胀气或腹水 ) ,肝功能严重损害 ,凝血酶元时间明显延长。在上述表现中。肠胀气往往难以解决而引发一些并发症。我科用大剂量丽珠肠乐胶囊治疗重症肝炎肠胀气 ,收到了较好的效果 ,现报道如下 :1　材料与方法1.1　临床资料　 48例重症肝炎伴肠胀气均我科住院病人 ,且经临床排除了肠道器质病变引起的肠胀气 ,同时也排除了药物、内分泌代谢疾病所致的肠胀气。将患者随机分成对照组及治疗组。对照组 2 0例 ,男性 14例 ,女性 6例 ,年…     

青龙肠溶胶囊治疗牛皮癣20例疗效观察

青龙肠溶胶囊治疗牛皮癣２０例疗效观察国营七五五厂职工医院刘喜成,武春田我院近二近年采用青龙肠溶胶囊治疗牛皮癣２０例取得了满意疗效,现报告如下：１一般资料２０例患者中男１１例,女９例,年龄１４～６０岁,病程最长者４０余年,最短者２个月。寻常型１９例,另...     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊治疗肠功能紊乱疗效观察

目的观察凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊治疗肠功能紊乱的疗效。方法选取肠功能紊乱患者80例,随机分为治疗组及对照组。两组患者均经纤维结肠镜检查除外肠道器质性病变。大便常规及潜血检查正常。治疗组给予凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片,每次3片(首剂加倍),每日3次,复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊每次3粒,每日3次。对照组患者给予安慰剂(维生素B6)每次3片(首剂加倍),每日3次,加复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊每次3粒,每日3次。两组均以8周为一疗程。结果治疗8周后,治疗组总有效率为95.0%,对照组总有效率为75.0%,治疗组疗效高于对照组(P0.05),两组均未见明显不良反应。结论凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊治疗肠功能紊乱有效率高于单用复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊且安全性好。     

新标准“注射用克痛宁”临床应用镇痛效果观察

目的　评估按国家药品生物制品检定所修订的国家标准生产的“注射用克痛宁” (电泳纯和免疫纯 )的临床应用效果及毒副作用。方法　各种中、重度急慢性疼痛患者 92例 ,肌肉注射给药 ,70 μg/次 ,70～ 1 40 μg/天。慢性疼痛病例一般按疗程用药 ,每疗程 5天 ,急性疼痛病例及部分慢性疼痛病例疼痛消失即停药。以病人曾用过的镇痛药疗效作为历史对照。结果　总有效率 96 .7% ,总显效率 82 .6 % ,首支总有效率 93.5 %。对癌痛组的首支有效率稍低 ,为 84 .2 %。一般在肌注后 30～ 6 0 min起效 ;对急性疼痛疗效可持续 6～ 1 0 h,对慢性疼痛大多可持续 1 2 h或 2 4 h以上。对阿片类药物成瘾患者也有良好效果。少数病人出现轻度口干、恶心、头晕等不良反应。结论　新标准“注射用克痛宁”对各种急慢性疼痛均有良好的镇痛效果 ,起效快、镇痛作用强而持久、不成瘾、毒副作用小 ,且具有潜在的戒毒作用。优于原地方标准的“克痛宁”。     

青龙肠溶胶囊的临床应用

本文介绍了东北白眉蝮蛇毒为主要原料的口服制剂青龙肠溶胶囊之临床应用.该药具细胞毒作用、精氨酸酯酶活性功能及免疫作用从而有抗癌抑癌及溶栓、去纤、解聚降粘、扩血管、改善微循环等抗栓、防栓作用,并能调节免疫功能。在青龙肠溶胶囊配方基础上伍用绞股兰配制昀青龙肠溶胶囊Ⅱ号并能加强降血脂、降血粘及降血压作用。该药经动物实验证实可在肠道内、碱性条件下被吸收或部分吸收,达到不经过胃内破坏而直接于肠内吸收后发挥药物的治疗作用。其 LD_5为5.2±1.0mg/kg,常规剂量安全系数为70～75倍,可认为是安全的。本药主要用于治疗血栓病、高粘滞综合征及癌症等。临床应用2000余例观察,治疗脑血栓132例,总有效率95.46%;对冠心病心功能指数明显改善(P<0.05):治疗周围血管病63例,其血液流变学指标均有显著改善(P<0.01,P<0.05),血脂显著下降(P<0.01).治疗高粘滞综合征20例,甲襞微循环表现管袢流态有明显的血流增快。本药治疗恶性肿瘤685例,总有效率87.1%。该药无神经毒及降低血小板之副作用,用药中无明显毒副反应,是一安全、有效、应用方便的蛇毒新制剂。     

双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊 对重症肺炎患者肠黏膜屏障功能的保护作用

目的探讨双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊对重症肺炎患者肠黏膜屏障功能的保护作用。方法选取重症肺炎患者66例,随机分为观察组（n=33例）和对照组（n=33例）。两组患者均予以吸氧、抗感染、抗休克和营养支持等常规治疗,必要时行机械通气或血管活性药物。观察组患者加用双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊420 mg,3次/d,温水服用或水化后自鼻饲注入。观察两组患者治疗前和治疗14 d后内毒素、二胺氧化酶（DAO）和D-乳酸水平的变化,并比较其临床疗效。结果治疗14 d后,两组患者血清内毒素、DAO和D-乳酸水平均较前明显下降（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,且观察组下降值明显大于对照组（P〈0.05）;同时观察组患者的临床总有效率明显高于对照组（χ2=3.88,P〈0.05）。结论双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊辅助治疗重症肺炎患者具有较好的疗效,能明显降低血清内毒素、DAO和D-乳酸水平,减轻患者内毒素血症和肠黏膜通透性,保护患者肠黏膜屏障功能。     

枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊对NASH患者血清内毒素和肠道菌群的影响

目的探讨枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)患者血清内毒素和肠道菌群的影响。方法选取消化科门诊就诊的NASH患者78例,采用随机数字表分为观察组(n=39例)和对照组(n=39例)。两组患者均予以甘草酸二胺肠溶胶囊450 mg/次,3次/d保肝治疗。观察组患者加用枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊500mg,3次/d,连用6周。观察并记录两组患者治疗前后肝功能指标(ALT和γ-GT)、血脂指标(LDL-C、HDL-C、TC和TG)、血清内毒素及肠道菌群的变化情况。结果治疗6周后,两组患者的ALT、γ-GT和血清内毒素水平较前均有明显下降(P0.05或P0.01),且观察组下降值明显大于对照组(P0.05);两组患者的LDL-C、TC、TG均较前明显下降,HDL-C水平较前明显上升(P0.05),且观察组下降或上升值明显大于对照组(P0.05);同时观察组患者双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、拟杆菌和肠球菌数量较前明显上升,肠杆菌较前明显减少(P0.05),而对照组治疗前后肠道菌群数量均无明显变化(P0.05)。结论枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊治疗NASH能纠正肠道菌群紊乱,恢复肠道微生态平衡,从而减轻肠源性内毒素血症,改善肝功能指标,降低血脂水平,对NASH有显著的辅助治疗效果。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.