Metastatic adenocarcinoma in the baboon

An adenocarcinoma of undetermined origin, with metastasis to the skeletal system, occurred in a 27 year-old castrated male baboon (Papio species).     

Active sweat gland distribution in Caingang Indians

On a small sample of male Caingang Indians in Southern Brazil was counted the number of sweat glands active under thermal stimulation. The results at nine sites over the body are compared with those from samples of other races, the factors affecting the findings are discussed, and it is concluded that the Caingang results show no racial difference in the number of active glands, or in the gradient of their distribution over the body.     

Eccrine sweat gland activity in heat acclimation

The response of eccrine sweat glands of the forearms of four females was investigated during acclimation to heat. The sweat rate increased progressively during ten exposures. There was no significant change in the number of active sweat glands. The increased sweat rate could, therefore, be attributed to enhanced secretory activity of individual glands.

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Zusammenfassung Die Schweissdrüsenreaktion des Vorderarms von 4 Frauen wurde während der Akklimation an Hitze untersucht. Die Schweisssekretion stieg progressiv während 10 Sitzungen an. Eine signifikante Änderung in der Zahl der aktiven Schweissdrüsen wurde nicht beobachtet. Die gesteigerte Schweisssekretion beruht danach auf einer vermehrten Schweissbildung der einzelnen Drüsen.

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Resume On a étudié les réactions des glandes sudoripares de quatre femmes pendant la période d'acclimation à la chaleur. La sécrétion de sueur a augmenté progressivement durant 10 heures. On n'a cependant pas observé de modification sensible du nombre des glandes actives. L'augmentation de la sueur sécrétée provient donc d'une augmentation de la sécrétion de chacune des glandes en particulier.

     

Multiple cystic sweat gland tumors in transgenic mice

Here we describe gross and microscopic sweat gland tumors found in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer, which had transforming growth factor α under the control of mouse mammary tumor virus promoter (MMTV-TGFα). Initially, 20% of the mice in the colony were affected. Cystic lesions formed on the phalanges, palmar surfaces of the metacarpals, and plantar surfaces of the metatarsals. The lesions were multifocal and nonulcerated with straw-colored fluid, ranging in size from 1 to 30 mm at the largest dimension. The colony was monitored for 6 mo; during that time, the prevalence of lesions increased to 52% of the mice. Histologically, in most cases the cyst walls were lined by 1 or 2 layers of normal-appearing epithelial cells that resembled basal cells, indicating adenoma. However, 2 cysts from 2 different mice had papillary proliferative projections and extensive disorganized glandular structures that protruded into the cyst cavities, indicating adenocarcinoma. In these 2 cases, the neoplastic cells revealed architectural and cytologic atypia with rare mitoses. Similar findings have previously been observed in sweat gland tumors; however, multiple sweat-gland tumors have not been reported in mice.     

Shh promotes sweat gland cell maturation in three-dimensional culture

Sweat gland (SG) cells forming SG tubule-like structures in 3D culture, this is one of the most important methods to identify the biological function of SG cells and stem cells-derived SG-like cells, but also the important way on research of SG regeneration in vitro. In this study, we seeded human fibroblasts and SG cells in gels and used immunohistochemistry to confirm whether SG tubule-like structures formed. Fibroblasts are necessary factor in the process of SG cells maturation and forming SG’s secretory region in 3D culture. Further experimentation revealed that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) was secreted by fibroblasts within the 3D culture. By adding Shh protein to 3D culture, there had more SG tubule-like structures formed. These results suggest that Shh is an important factor during the process of forming SG tubule-like structures in 3D cultures, and adding Shh recommbinant protein could promote SG cell maturation and enhance the efficiency of structure formation.     

Metastatic rat adenocarcinoma: histochemical evaluation of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix

Summary This study was based on the hypothesis that after tumour transplantation, fibroblast metabolism increases adjacent to a tumour and this increase correlates with an increase in certain components of the extracellular matrix. A serial histochemical study of the cellular metabolism and extracellular matrix in a fast-growing mammary rat carcinoma was designed. The model used was theN-nitrosomethylurea-induced adenocarcinoma. At 24, 48, 72 or 96 h after transplantation, tumours and surrounding tissues were excised and processed. Ribonucleic acid and succinate dehydrogenase stains were used to indicate cellular metabolism; the extracellular matrix was stained for collagen, elastin, acid mucopolysaccharides, mucoproteins, glycoproteins and glycolipids. The results of this histology were compared with the histology of nonneoplastic transplants.In subcutaneous tissue adjacent to neoplasia, fibroblasts were abundant and showed an increase in metabolism between 24–96 h; this was correlated with an increase in collagen. For nonneoplastic transplants, fibroblasts were present only at 96 h, and collagen increases did not occur.It is inferred from the results that the tumour transplant is responsible for the increase in fibroblast metabolismin vivo which in turn increases fibre production.     

CFTR: development of high- affinity antibodies and localization in sweat gland.

Rabbit antisera were raised to six synthetic peptides corresponding to amino acid sequences contained in the protein product of the cystic fibrosis gene, CFTR. For two peptides, [Lys102]CFTR(102-116) and CFTR(1468-1480), antibody-peptide binding was of high affinity in that half-maximal binding occurred at peptide concentrations below 10 nM. Monospecific antibodies were prepared using these peptides, and these antibodies were used to stain human skin. Specific staining was detected in the cells lining the reabsorptive duct of the sweat gland. Within these lumenal cells, staining was most prominent at the apical domain but was also detected near the basolateral surface. This finding agrees well with predictions based on the effects of cystic fibrosis on sweat gland function, and suggests that these antibodies will be useful for studying CFTR in other human tissues.     

Cytologic features of pleural effusion in apocrine sweat gland carcinoma. A case report

BACKGROUND: Carcinoma arising in the apocrine sweat glands is very rare, and there are few reports of the cytologic features. We encountered a case of metastatic apocrine carcinoma in a pleural effusion. CASE: A 46-year-old male had a dark reddish nodule in the right axillary region that was diagnosed as apocrine carcinoma of skin appendage origin. Three years after wide resection and chemotherapy, widespread metastases developed with a massive pleural effusion. Needle aspiration fluid cytology contained clusters of adenocarcinoma. Some tumor cells had abundant cytoplasm or periodic acid-Schiff-positive, coarse granules. Decapitation secretion was occasionally found on the cell surface. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were often positive for BRST-2 and BRST-3. CONCLUSION: Cytologic features of metastatic apocrine sweat gland carcinoma show some characteristics of adenocarcinoma. Moreover, its definitive diagnosis in a pleural effusion can be made because of retaining the characteristics of apocrine sweat gland.