英国的侧盘菌属:属的概况及大型孢子种的研究(英文)

对侧盘菌属在英国的研究概况进行了评述,研究侧重于Otidea apophysata和O.platyspora两个具有大型子囊孢子的种。同时,对4个错误地用于大型孢子种的名称进行了订正:O. abietina(Pseudotis属的模式种)是含糊名称(nomen ambiguum);O.cochleata也为含糊名称;O. felina是O.alutacea的同物异名,并为后者指定了选模式;将O.umbrina处理为O.bufonia的同物异名。此外,确定了Otidea violacea的分类地位。     

The plam-feeding planthopper genus Ommatissus (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Tropiduchidae)

Abstract The tribe Trypetimorphini, the genus Ommatissus , and its two subgenera and eleven species are redescribed or described as new. Evidence for the monophyly of both the genus and of the tribe to which it belongs is examined; it is concluded that while the genus is monophyletic, the monophyly of the tribe is in doubt. Keys for the separation of the three genera of the tribe and for all of the known species of Ommatissus are presented. A new subgenus of Ommatissus is described: O.(Opatissus) , with the type-species O.vietnamicus . Four new species are described: Ommatissus magribus from Morocco, O.kamerunus from Cameroon, O.natalensis from South Africa and O.vietnamicus from Vietnam. The 'Dubas bug', Ommatissus lybicus Bergevin, formerly regarded as a variety of O.binotatus Fieber, is raised to full species status. Trichoduchus is synonymized with Trypetimorpha resulting in the new combinations Trypetimorpha biermani Dammerman, T.china Wu and T.japonicus Ishihara. Trichoduchus japonicus Fennah is synonymized with Trypetimorpha japonicus Ishihara.     

Revision of the Australasian genus Orussobaius Benson (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Orussidae)

Abstract The Australasian genus Orussobaius Benson is revised. Seven species are recognised: Orussobaius paniculus sp. n. from Papua New Guinea, and six species from Australia: O. badius sp. n., O. caligneus sp. n., O. mesembrinus Benson, O. minutissimus sp. n., O. minutus Benson, and O. wilsoni Benson. Orussobaius normani Rayment (new synonymy) is removed from synonymy with O. wilsoni and treated as a junior synonym of O. minutus instead. With a body length of only 2 mm, O. minutissimus sp. n. is the smallest currently known sawfly species in the world. A key is provided and distribution maps are shown for all species. The genus Orussobaius is redefined on the basis of all species currently included.     

New species of Oswaldocruzia (Nematoda: Molineidae) in Ameiva festiva (Squamata: Teiidae) from Nicaragua

Oswaldocruzia nicaraguensis n. sp. (Strongylida: Molineidae) from the intestines of Ameiva festiva (Sauria: Teiidae) is described and illustrated. Oswaldocruzia nicaraguensis represents the 78th species assigned to the genus and is most similar to the Caribbean species of the genus by possessing spicules in which each of the 3 divisions terminates in numerous fine points. Of the 8 species assigned to this group, O. nicaraguensis is most similar to Oswaldocruzia moraveci; of the 8 species, only O. moraveci and O. nicaraguensis possess a type II bursa and lack cervical alae. It is separated from O. moraveci by the position of the tips of ribs 5-6; close together in O. nicaraguensis, well separated in O. moraveci.     

Taxonomic review of the genus Ochyrotica Walsingham from China(Lepidoptera:Pterophoridae:Ochyroticinae)

The genus Ochyrotica from China is reviewed,with four species treated.The male of 0.connexiva(Walsingham) is described for the first time,O.zolotuhini Ustjuzhanin Kovtunovich is firstly recorded in China,and the distribution information of O.concursa(Walsingham) in China is clarified.The structural variations of the genus and all species from China are discussed.Images of the adults and illustrations of genital structures are provided,along with a key to the known Chinese species.     

中国稻蝗属细胞分类学研究(英文)

本文对分布于中国境内11省区,27个采集地点的八种稻蝗进行了染色体C带核型比较研究。结果表明:中华稻蝗Oxya chinensis,上海稻蝗O.shanghaiensis,无齿稻蝗O.adentata C带分布型式相似,但染色体分组型式、交叉定位数据以及异染色质含量具有差异;山稻蝗O.agauisa具有本身独特的带纹结构,与本属其它种类迥异;双带稻蝗O.bicingula染色体带型结构相似于山稻蝗及中华稻蝗类群,表明三者在进化历程中有一定联系。小稻蝗O.hyla intricata中一个亲缘种团(Sibling species group),体现在种内的形态差异及染色体带型结构的不同。显示该种近期内分化速率较高。据此,本文讨论了稻蝗属内八个种相互间的亲缘关系和分类地位,本文认为稻蝗属内务物种进化速率是不均衡的,这种状态应归因于各物种的遗传背景和环境因素的影响。     

CYTOTAXONOMIC STUDY OF OXYA SPECIES IN CHINA (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDOIDEA)

Abstract  The chromosomal conventional karyotype and C-banding karyotype of eight species in the genus Oxya (Catantopidae) are analysed. The result shows that O. chinensis (Thunberg), O. shanghaiensis Willemse and O. adentata Willemse all have similar C-banding distribution, but the model of chromosomal group, the chiasma localization data and the total heterochromatin content (THC) value are different. O. agavisa Tsai has its own c-banding feature and is distinguished from other species in the genus. O. bicingula Ma et al . is similar to both the O. chinensis group and O . a gavisu in chromosomal marks and morphological characters, indicating that these three species have some relations during the evolutionary process. O. hyla intricata (Stal) is a "sibling species group" as indicated by the variation of the morphological feature and there are also diversiforms in cytotaxonomic marks. It seems that this group has higher differentiational speed and the speciational evolution is more active in modern times. In this group, O. apicocingula sp. nov. and O. flave femura sp. nov. are more specialized than the other populations which have not many terminal C-bands in genome. As a conclusion, we consider that the evolutionary rate of the species in Oxya genus is unbalanced. This status is due to the actions from both the hereditary basis and the environmental condition of the different species.     

Prevalence of self-incompatibility inOryza barthii Cheval.: Its bearing on the evolution of rice and related taxa

The prevalence of self-incompatibility inOryza barthii Cheval. and its implications on the origin of riceO. sativa L. and some other related taxa are discussed. It is suggested that evolution has been fromO. barthii toO. perennis toO. sativa with corresponding changes in breeding system from allogamy to facultative autogamy to obligate autogamy. The significance of the breeding system for speciation and evolutionary potentialities of these three taxa is pointed out. The presence inO. barthii of the most primitive characters of the genus and its widespread presence in tropical Africa (where nine out of 23 species of the genus occur) have been interpreted as suggesting that this region might have been the centre of origin of the genus.     

New species of Oswaldocruzia (Nematoda: Molineidae) and other helminths in Bolitoglossa subpalmata (Caudata:Plethodontidae) from Costa Rica

Oswaldocruzia cartagoensis n. sp. (Strongylida: Molineidae) from the intestines of Bolitoglossa subpalmata (Caudata: Plethodontidae) is described and illustrated. Oswaldocruzia cartagoensis n. sp. represents the 86 th species assigned to the genus and the 39th species from the Neotropical region. It is most similar to the Neotropical species of the genus that possess type I bursa, i.e., Oswaldocruzia bonsi , Oswaldocruzia brasiliensis , Oswaldocruzia lopesi , Oswaldocruzia neghmei , and Oswaldocruzia vitti . Of these, O. bonsi, O. brasiliensis, and O. neghmei lack cervical alae, rib 4 in individuals of O. vitti reaches the edge of the bursal membrane, species of O. lopesi and O. cartagoensis can be separated on the basis of spicule structure, the blade in O. lopesi is bifurcate, and that of O. cartagoensis terminates in 6-8 fine points. In addition to the new species of Oswaldocruzia, Cosmocera parva, Cosmocera podicipinus, and acanthocephalan cystacanths were also found.     

A revision of the genus Orthaea Dallas (Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae), with the description of two new species and a new genus: Neomyocoris,to accommodate O. arnaudi Brailovsky

We redefine the genus Orthaea Dallas and redescribe O. consuta and O. procincta. Two new species are described, O. meloae from Colombia and O. montana from Peru. A new genus, Neomyocoris, is created to accommodate O. arnaudi Brailovsky. A key to the species of Orthaea and illustrations of male genitalia of O. consuta, O. procincta, O. montana and N. arnaudi n. comb. are provided. Photographs of scanning microscope and habitus are given.