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高等植物赤霉素的代谢与信号转导 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
赤霉素是一种重要的二萜类植物激素,有着广泛而复杂的生物学功能,调节植物整个生命周期不同阶段的生长和发育。本文在分子生物学水平上对高等植物中的赤霉素代谢以及信号转导的最新研究进展进行了总结。 相似文献
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赤霉素信号转导的中间组分研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
具有生物活性的赤霉素(Gibberellins GAs)影响着植物生长和发育的许多进程,包括种子的萌发、叶的生长、茎的伸长,花的分化和果实的形成。随着GA信号转导途径中越来越多的中间组分的分离和鉴定,GA调控植物发育的分子机理也越来越清楚。就近年来GA信号转导途径的中间组分的研究做一综述。 相似文献
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赤霉素信号转导与植物的矮化 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
论述近年来在拟南芥、水稻等模式植物中赤霉素信号转导的研究进展。通过对赤霉素相关突变体的生理研究 ,鉴定出几个介入赤霉素信号转导过程的重要基因 ,并对这些基因的产物进行分析 ,根据相应的蛋白特征结构域 ,推导了它们可能具有的功能。利用双突变体 ,分析了这些基因的上下游关系 ,确定了在植物中 ,GA信号转导的几个途径。在此基础上提出了赤霉素信号转导的基本模式 :阻遏是GA信号转导过程中最基本的方式 ,GA信号通过去除阻遏作用来激活转导途径 ,从而调节GA相关的生长与发育。 相似文献
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赤霉素信号转导研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本综述了GA信号转导的最新研究进展,包括GA信号转导途径中的正向和反向作用因子;GA受体,G蛋白和第二信使,GA信号转导途径的模型,以及与其他信号转导途径的相互关系等。 相似文献
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能源植物小桐子赤霉素合成代谢及信号转导相关基因的鉴定及序列分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
赤霉素(gibberellin,GA)是一类非常重要的植物激素,在植物种子萌发、茎干伸长、叶片生长、腺毛发育、花粉成熟、开花诱导和果实成熟等生长发育过程中都发挥着重要的作用。GA在一年生草本植物中可以促进开花,而在大多数多年生木本植物中则抑制成花诱导。为了更好地研究赤霉素在木本油料能源植物小桐子(Jatropha curcas)开花调控方面的作用机理,我们对小桐子整个基因组中参与GA合成代谢和信号转导的全部基因进行了鉴定和序列分析。这些基因包括6个多基因家族编码的蛋白,即GA2氧化酶(GA2-oxidase,GA2ox)、GA3氧化酶(GA3-oxidase,GA3ox)、GA20氧化酶(GA20-oxidase,GA20ox)、GID1(GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1)、DELLAs和F-box蛋白,以及2个单基因编码的蛋白,EL1(EARLY FLOWERING1)和SPY(SPINDLY)。采用拟南芥和水稻中已经鉴定的上述基因编码的蛋白序列在小桐子基因组序列数据库和本实验的小桐子转录组数据库中进行BLASTP分析,找到17个同源蛋白的全长序列,并将其与28个拟南芥的、16个水稻的、24个葡萄的和22个蓖麻的同源蛋白构建系统发育树进行比对分析。结果表明,小桐子中参与赤霉素合成代谢及信号转导的大多数基因与蓖麻和葡萄同源基因的相似度更高。 相似文献
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Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones with diverse roles in plant growth and development. SPINDLY (SPY) is one of several genes identified in Arabidopsis that are involved in GA response and it is thought to encode an O-GlcNAc transferase. Genetic analysis suggests that SPY negatively regulates GA response. To test the hypothesis that SPY acts specifically as a negatively acting component of GA signal transduction, spy mutants and plants containing a 35S:SPY construct have been examined. A detailed investigation of the spy mutant phenotype suggests that SPY may play a role in plant development beyond its role in GA signaling. Consistent with this suggestion, the analysis of spy er plants suggests that the ERECTA (ER) gene, which has not been implicated as having a role in GA signaling, appears to enhance the non-GA spy mutant phenotypes. Arabidopsis plants containing a 35S:SPY construct possess reduced GA response at seed germination, but also possess phenotypes consistent with increased GA response, although not identical to spy mutants, during later vegetative and reproductive development. Based on these results, the hypothesis that SPY is specific for GA signaling is rejected. Instead, it is proposed that SPY is a negative regulator of GA response that has additional roles in plant development. 相似文献
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Ectopic Expression of the Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain of SPINDLY Causes Defects in Gibberellin Response 下载免费PDF全文
The SPINDLY (SPY) protein of Arabidopsis is a negative regulator of gibberellin (GA) response. The SPY protein has 10 copies of the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) at the N terminus. TPR motifs function as protein-protein interaction domains. Several spy alleles are affected only in the TPR region suggesting that protein-protein interactions mediated by this domain are important for proper GA signaling. We have used a reverse genetics approach to further investigate the role of the TPR domain. The TPR domain of SPY was overexpressed in wild-type, gai, and spy plants. Expression of the TPR domain alone is not sufficient to rescue spy mutants. Expression of the TPR domain in a wild-type background produces phenotypes similar to those caused by loss-of-function spy mutants including resistance to GA biosynthesis inhibitors, short hypocotyl length, and early flowering. The dwarfing of the floral shoot internodes caused by the gai mutation was suppressed by expression of the TRP domain. Expression of the TPR domain had no effect on the abundance of endogenous SPY mRNA. The TPR domain was found to interact with SPY both in vitro and in yeast two-hybrid assays. These data indicate that the TPR domain of SPY can participate in protein-protein interactions and that these interactions are important for the proper functioning of SPY. 相似文献
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Gibberellins (GAs) play important roles in many essential plant growth and development processes. A family of nuclear growth-repressing DELLA proteins is the key component in GA signaling. GA perception is mediated by GID1, and the key event of GA signaling is the degradation of DELLA proteins via the 26S proteasome pathway. DELLA proteins integrating other plant hormones signaling and environmental cue modulating plant growth and development have been revealed. GA turning on the de-DELLA-repressing system is conserved, and independently establishes step-by-step recruitment of GAstimulated GID1-DELLA interaction and DELLA growth-repression functions during land plant evolution. These discoveries open new prospects for the understanding of GA action and DELLA-mediated signaling in plants. 相似文献
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赤霉素(GAs)在植物的种子萌发、茎的伸长和花的发育等许多方面起着非常重要的作用。最近几年,对GA生物合成及其信号传导途径相关基因的研究取得了惊人的进展。这些进展促进了对其生物合成及其信号传导途径的认识。GA生物合成相关基因的表达受到多种内源和外源因子的调控, 其中研究较多的是发育阶段、激素水平和光信号等内源及环境因子的调控。GA信号传导通常处于抑制状态, GA信号通过去抑制作用激活该传导途径而促进GA刺激植物生长和发育。 相似文献
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The importance of plant heterotrimeric G protein functions has recently been recognized. Rice and Arabidopsis mutants of genes coding the subunits of the G proteins have been isolated and physiological studies on these mutants have suggested that plant heterotrimeric G proteins are involved in several intra-signaling pathways driven by external signals, such as gibberellin, auxin, abscisic acid, brassinolide, ethylene, light, and elicitor. The possible functions of rice heterotrimeric G proteins in gibberellin signaling are discussed here. 相似文献
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Gregory F.W. Gocal Candice C. Sheldon Frank Gubler Thomas Moritz David J. Bagnall Colleen P. MacMillan Song F. Li Roger W. Parish Elizabeth S. Dennis Detlef Weigel Rod W. King 《Plant physiology》2001,127(4):1682-1693
We have identified three Arabidopsis genes with GAMYB-like activity, AtMYB33, AtMYB65, and AtMYB101, which can substitute for barley (Hordeum vulgare) GAMYB in transactivating the barley alpha-amylase promoter. We have investigated the relationships between gibberellins (GAs), these GAMYB-like genes, and petiole elongation and flowering of Arabidopsis. Within 1 to 2 d of transferring plants from short- to long-day photoperiods, growth rate and erectness of petioles increased, and there were morphological changes at the shoot apex associated with the transition to flowering. These responses were accompanied by accumulation of GAs in the petioles (GA(1) by 11-fold and GA(4) by 3-fold), and an increase in expression of AtMYB33 at the shoot apex. Inhibition of GA biosynthesis using paclobutrazol blocked the petiole elongation induced by long days. Causality was suggested by the finding that, with GA treatment, plants flowered in short days, AtMYB33 expression increased at the shoot apex, and the petioles elongated and grew erect. That AtMYB33 may mediate a GA signaling role in flowering was supported by its ability to bind to a specific 8-bp sequence in the promoter of the floral meristem-identity gene, LEAFY, this same sequence being important in the GA response of the LEAFY promoter. One or more of these AtMYB genes may also play a role in the root tip during germination and, later, in stem tissue. These findings extend our earlier studies of GA signaling in the Gramineae to include a dicot species, Arabidopsis, and indicate that GAMYB-like genes may mediate GA signaling in growth and flowering responses. 相似文献