蛋白激发子PeaT1在枯草芽胞杆菌中的分泌表达及重组菌株提高小麦抗旱和促生的作用

PeaT1是从极细链格孢菌Alternaria tenuissima中分离的一种蛋白激发子,具有促进植物生长和诱导植物产生系统获得抗性的功能,为了实现peaT1基因在枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis中的分泌表达,增加其应用途径,从枯草芽胞杆菌基因组DNA中分别扩增获得P43启动子和nprB基因的信号肽序列,并用SOE (Splicing by over lapping extension) 方法与peaT1基因连接,将连接产物克隆到大肠杆菌-枯草芽胞杆菌穿梭表达载体pHY300-PLK上,构建了重组表达载体pHY43N-peaT1。将重组载体转化枯草芽胞杆菌WB800菌株,SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析证实,在NprB信号肽的引导下,枯草芽胞杆菌成功分泌表达了PeaT1蛋白。构建的重组菌株能够显著增强幼苗抗旱性,提高小麦株高。     

灰葡萄孢菌激发子pebC1在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达及其生物活性分析

为了实现激发子PebC1编码基因在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达,采用PCR方法从灰葡萄孢菌BC-4-2-2-1菌株中扩增获得激发子PebC1的编码序列,将其亚克隆至酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9K中,以此片段构建了pPIC9K-pebC1重组表达质粒。重组表达质粒经Bgl Ⅱ线性化处理,电击转化至毕赤酵母宿主菌GS115,经MD、G418-YPD平板和PCR法筛选,获得了重组毕赤酵母菌GS115/pPIC9K-pebC1。用甲醇诱导重组酵母菌表达目标蛋白,发酵液经SDS-PAGE电泳分析,在约39 kDa处出现特异目标条带。Western blotting检测结果说明,重组表达产物具有良好的抗原性。生物活性检测表明,酵母重组表达蛋白PebC1能够诱导拟南芥和黄瓜幼苗对灰霉病的抗性。     

人sCR1活性片段原核表达载体的构建与蛋白表达及生物活性鉴定

补体系统过度活化片段所介导的器官缺血再灌注损伤和机会病原菌感染等疾病的防治十分棘手。国内外的研究证实,其始动因子除了C5a之外还有C3a和C5b-9等成分的共同作用。在经典、旁路和MBL三个补体激活途径中,都以C3活化为中心,sCR1结合功能域片断SCR15-18既可灭活C3/C5转化酶,又     

蛋白激发子PeaT1的高密度发酵及生理功能检测

PeaT1是从极细链格孢菌(Alternaria tenuissima)中提取出的一种植物蛋白激发子,具有促进植物生长,增强作物抗逆性的功能.由于该蛋白具有无残留、无毒副作用的优点,因此具有发展为生物农药的应用前景.在100 L发酵罐中利用分批补料技术对PeaT1工程菌进行高密度发酵,通过AKTA蛋白纯化仪对发酵产物进行了亲和纯化,并检测了纯化所得蛋白对水稻在15℃低温下生长的影响.发酵最终菌体密度达80 g/L,每升菌液纯化得到蛋白90 mg,纯化所得蛋白能够促进水稻低温下的生长,具有激发子活性.     

人促甲状腺素受体膜外区蛋白在原核系统表达及其生物活性鉴定

为研究重组人促甲状腺素受体 (hTSHR)膜外区表达产物及其生物活性与免疫活性 ,将hT SHR膜外区编码基因 (编码第 3～ 4 2 0位氨基酸 )重组到表达型质粒pGEX 4T 3上 ,测序结果表明序列正确 ,未改变读码框架 .然后转入E .coliAd4 94进行诱导表达 .纯化后的表达产物经SDS PAGE、Western印迹及放射受体法分别检测其分子量、免疫活性和生物活性 .重组TSHR3～ 4 2 0 膜外区蛋白 (简称TSHR3～ 4 2 0 )产率为 15 9～ 2 0 2 μg L培养基 ,分子量为 4 8.9kD ;融合蛋白 (简称GST TSHR3～ 4 2 0 )分子量为 75 .4kD .两种表达产物都可与TSHRAb反应 ;TSHR3～ 4 2 0 可与12 5I TSH结合 .     

DC-SIGN蛋白在家蚕系统中的表达及生物活性研究

目的：构建人DC-SIGN基因片段的家蚕表达系统,进行目的产物表达、鉴定及生物活性分析。方法：从体外刺激分化的DC细胞中克隆出DC-SIGN cDNA,在家蚕表达载体pBacPAK8的BamHⅠ和EcoRⅠ位点构建成重组质粒pBacPAK8-DC-SIGN,与线性化的Bm-BacPAK6病毒基因组DNA共转染家蚕细胞,空斑筛选得到重组病毒Bm-BacPAK-DC-SIGN,重组病毒感染家蚕细胞BmN,Western blot检测表达产物;HIV-1包膜糖蛋白gp120与表达产物孵育检测其生物活性。结果：构建了稳定表达人DC-SIGN蛋白片段的家蚕杆状病毒表达系统;成功表达了DC-SIGN蛋白片段,且能特异性地与HIV-1包膜糖蛋白gp120结合。结论：成功地在家蚕杆状病毒表达系统中表达了人DC-SIGN蛋白片段,具有天然DC-SIGN蛋白样的生物活性,为其抗体制备及AIDS防治药物的研发奠定了基础。     

人类肥胖基因瘦素蛋白的原核表达

目的：原核表达人类肥胖基因瘦素蛋白,方法：以携人类肥胖基因的pUC119-ob为模拟,PCR扩增瘦素蛋白基因片段,并克隆到pET-32a构建重组表达质粒pET-32a-ob,经酶切和测序鉴定后,转化至大肠埃希菌DH5α中表达,SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定表达产物。结果：测序和限制性分析均证明了pET-32a-ob的序列正确,转化的DH5α可高效表达一个30kD融合蛋白,与预期结果一致。结论：经pET-32a-ob转化的DH5α可有效表达重组人类瘦素蛋白,为进一步研究瘦素蛋白的生物活性提供了基础。     

重组人ERP57蛋白克隆和原核表达

目的：克隆人ERP57蛋白进行原核表达和纯化。方法：采用巢式RT-PCR从人非小细胞肺腺癌A549细胞总RNA中克隆人ERP57 cDNA,构建ERP57原核表达质粒（pET-28a/ERP57）并转化E.coli的BL21菌株。IPTG诱导蛋白表达,并在变性条件下经Ni-NTA树脂亲和层析纯化。分别用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定。结果：成功获得大小为1518bp的人ERP57基因片段,转化菌诱导性表达61kDa的人ERP57蛋白,该蛋白可经Ni-NTA树脂亲和层析高度纯化。结论：成功获得纯化的重组人ERP57蛋白,为后续ERP57蛋白功能研究奠定了基础。     

人血清淀粉样蛋白SAA1 蛋白的原核重组表达

目的:重组及表达人血清淀粉样蛋白SAA1融合蛋白,为进一步制备早期诊断冠心病的单克隆抗体做准备。方法:应用PCR技术,以成人肝脏的c DNA文库做模板,扩增出长度为315 bp的人血清淀粉样蛋白SAA1基因,并将其分别与带有HIS标签的PET-32a载体及GST标签的PGEX-4T-1载体连接,转化入DH5α感受态细胞中进行克隆并测序鉴定。并在大肠杆菌表达菌BL21菌中表达SAA1融合蛋白,之后分别应用SDS-PAGE及Western blot技术检验重组蛋白的纯度。结果:经SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳后,我们分别看到了分子量为32k D和分子量为38k D的两个蛋白条带,这两个条带分别为PET-32a-SAA1重组蛋白和PGEX-4T-1-SAA1重组蛋白,且这两种蛋白在超声后存在于菌液的沉淀中,证明在大肠杆菌中实现了不溶性的包涵体形式的表达,经Western blot鉴定,分别以HIS标签抗体和GST标签抗体为第一抗体,以鼠二抗为第二抗体,证明所表达的蛋白质为SAA1融合蛋白。结论:采用原核表达方法,经免疫纯化可获得高纯度的SAA1融合蛋白,为进一步制备相应的单克隆抗体和开发以SAA1增高为指标之一的冠心病诊断试剂盒打下基础,为冠心病的诊断开辟新途径。     

Novel Chaperonins in a Prokaryote

Group II chaperonins belong to the Hsp60 family occurring in archaea and eukaryotes. The archaeal chaperonins build the thermosome, which is similar to the eukaryotic CCT (chaperonin-containing TCP-1). Eukaryotes have eight subunits, and up until now, it was thought that archaea had between one and three subunits, depending on the species. We now report two novel subunits, termed Hsp60-4 and Hsp60-5, in the archaeon Methanosarcina acetivorans, which also has Hsp60-1, Hsp60-2, and Hsp60-3 with orthologs in Methanosarcinae. Hsp60-4 and Hsp60-5 occur only in M. acetivorans, which makes this organism unique in that it has the highest number of chaperonin subunits ever described for an archaeon. Evolutionary analysis suggests that either Hsp60-4 or Hsp60-5 paralogs have arisen by gene duplication with vastly increased accepted substitution rates or that they represent ancestral types found only in this species.Reviewing Editor: Dr. W. Ford Doolittle     

Characterization of Mayven, a Novel Actin-binding Protein Predominantly Expressed in Brain

The cytoskeleton plays an important role in neuronal morphogenesis. We have identified and characterized a novel actin-binding protein, termed Mayven, predominantly expressed in brain. Mayven contains a BTB (broad complex, tramtrack, bric-a-brac)/POZ (poxvirus, zinc finger) domain-like structure in the predicted N terminus and "kelch repeats" in the predicted C-terminal domain. Mayven shares 63% identity (77% similarity) with the Drosophila ring canal ("kelch") protein. Somatic cell-hybrid analysis indicated that the human Mayven gene is located on chromosome 4q21.2, whereas the murine homolog gene is located on chromosome 8. The BTB/POZ domain of Mayven can self-dimerize in vitro, which might be important for its interaction with other BTB/POZ-containing proteins. Confocal microscopic studies of endogenous Mayven protein revealed a highly dynamic localization pattern of the protein. In U373-MG astrocytoma/glioblastoma cells, Mayven colocalized with actin filaments in stress fibers and in patchy cortical actin-rich regions of the cell margins. In primary rat hippocampal neurons, Mayven is highly expressed in the cell body and in neurite processes. Binding assays and far Western blotting analysis demonstrated association of Mayven with actin. This association is mediated through the "kelch repeats" within the C terminus of Mayven. Depolarization of primary hippocampal neurons with KCl enhanced the association of Mayven with actin. This increased association resulted in dynamic changes in Mayven distribution from uniform to punctate localization along neuronal processes. These results suggest that Mayven functions as an actin-binding protein that may be translocated along axonal processes and might be involved in the dynamic organization of the actin cytoskeleton in brain cells.     

人Leptin基因在大肠杆菌中的高效表达、纯化及其生物学活性研究

将人Leptin表达质粒pBV220-OB转化E.coliJM109,经热诱导获得了目的蛋白的表达。经SDS-PAGE鉴定分析,表达产物以包涵体形式存在,目的蛋白表达量占菌体总蛋白的40%以上。通过包涵体分离,Sephacryl S200HR凝胶和DEAE52离子交换层析及Hypersil C18柱反相色谱纯化,获得纯度在95%以上,内毒素含量小于10EU/mg的高纯度的重组人Leptin。Western-blot鉴定表明,纯化表达产物能和抗Leptin抗体特异性结合;蛋白质N端15个氨基酸序列分析结果和预期的序列一致。纯化产物经复性处理,其分子中Cys96和Cys146形成二硫键。体内活性检测显示,纯化和复性的rh-Leptin明显抑制BALB/c小鼠的进食和体重增长,提示其具有明显的生物学活性。     

A Novel Protein Expressed in Mammalian Cells Undergoing Apoptosis

Human and rodent cells undergoing apoptosis were observed to express high levels of a novel 45,000 M_r protein. The protein, which we have termed apoptosis specific protein (ASP), was found in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells and in adenovirus-transformed human and rat embryo cells induced into apoptosis by a variety of stimuli, including serum deprivation, exposure to the Ca²⁺ ionophore, ionomycin, treatment with inhibitors of macromolecular synthesis (cycloheximide and actinomycin D), and cold shock. In BL cells treated with apoptotic stimuli, expression of the oncoprotein Bcl-2 was found to both protect from apoptosis and prevent expression of ASP. ASP was not detected either in viable cells or in cells dying passively by necrosis. Laser scanning confocal microscopy showed high levels of ASP in the cytoplasm of cells displaying the chromatin condensation and fragmentation patterns typical of apoptosis. Retention of ASP was observed even when DNA was no longer detectable, and two-color immunofluorescence staining indicated that the protein primarily colocalized with, but was clearly distinct from, nonmuscle actin. These findings, together with the observation that biochemical extraction of ASP was only possible under conditions which caused solubilization of the cytoskeleton, lead us to conclude that ASP forms part of, or at least strongly associates with, a modified cytoskeleton unique to cells undergoing apoptosis. While elucidation of its function will require further work, ASP constitutes a powerful marker for the diagnosis and quantitation of apoptosis in vivo and in vitro.     

Fractionation and Biological Activity of Aspergillus oryzae Elicitor Promoting Biosynthesis of Shikonin Derivatives

The Aspergillus oryzae elicitor was extracted from mycelia. The concentrated crude preparation of which was treated through DEAE-Cellulose, Sepharose-4B. Bio-Gel p- 4 and 732 columns. Elicitor activity was associated with fraction F Ⅰ b2-H, which had no affinity for DEAE-Cellulose and 732 resin. Its molecular weight was 1200～2200 D and its carbohydrate content was 6.7% of that of the crude. The elicitor activity was 120 times higher than that of crude preparation. There were also fractions F Ⅱ of nucleic acids and F Ⅰ b2-Na of nucleotides, amino acids in crude elicitor preparation. They did not affect shikonin derivative formation at low concentration, but inhibited shikonin derivative formation at high concentration. Fraction FIa of polysaccharid nature in the crude preparation which strongly inhibited shikonin derivative formation was another kind of elicitor of a new metabolite yellow pigment.     

Elicitor Activity of a Fungal Product Assessed at the Single-Cell Level by a Novel Gel-Bead Method

Elicitor from Erysiphe pisi was incorporated into gel beads.Individual beads were placed on single cells from barley coleoptiles.The elicitor induced unusual cytoplasmic responses and temporaryresistance to infection in coleoptile cells. The technique isapplicable to assessment of elicitor activity at the single-celllevel. ¹Contribution no. 118 from the Laboratory of Plant Pathology,Mie University. ²Present address: Laboratory of Plant Pathology & GeneticEngineering, College of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama,700 Japan     

Insecticidal Activity of a Bacterial Crystal Protein Expressed by a Recombinant Baculovirus in Insect Cells

Baculoviruses are insect pathogens with a relatively slow speed of action, and this has limited their use as control agents of insect pests. Introduction into baculoviruses of genes which code for proteins interfering specifically with insect metabolism or metamorphosis, such as toxins, hormones, and enzymes, may enhance the pathogenicity of these viruses. The complete insecticidal crystal protein gene cryIA(b) of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 7.21 was engineered into the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Autographa californica (AcNPV) in place of the polyhedrin gene. In infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells, the cryIA(b) gene was expressed at a high level without interference with AcNPV production. The crystal protein was found in the cytoplasm of S. frugiperda cells, mainly as large crystals with an ultrastructure similar to that of B. thuringiensis crystals. Infected-cell extracts inhibited feeding of the large cabbage white Pieris brassicae. The toxicity of the crystal protein expressed by AcNPV recombinants was comparable with that of the crystal protein expressed by a corresponding Escherichia coli recombinant.     

不同启动子表达Cry1Ie蛋白的特性分析

苏云金芽胞杆菌启动子P1Ac与T7启动子表达的Cry1Ie蛋白对鳞翅目害虫小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)幼虫的杀虫活性有较大差异.P1Ac启动子表达的Cry1Ie蛋白LC50为1.73 μg/mL,T7启动子表达的Cry1Ie蛋白LC50为18.18 μg/mL,后者是前者的10.5倍.主要从形态、碱溶性及抗胰蛋白酶稳定性等方面对其进行了初步的探索.结果显示,两者在形态上无显著差异,均有相对较为规则的颗粒存在;在碱溶性方面无显著差异,均有约20.0％的包涵体能溶解于pH10.5 50.0 mmol/L Na2CO3的溶液;在对抗胰蛋白酶的稳定性方面无明显差异,由此说明这三方面都不是二者活性差异的原因,推测是T7启动子表达的Cry1Ie蛋白折叠不正确导致其活性较差.     

新型小鼠淋巴组织特异性肌动蛋白结合蛋白相关序列cDNA克隆

 应用抑制性差减杂交技术 ( SSH)克隆两种不同小鼠胸腺基质细胞的差异表达基因 ,获得新基因片段 C55.通过 Gen Bank检索及 RT- PCR扩增出一个全长 1 .4kb的 c DNA.杂交分析认为它是一个完整的 c DNA序列 .c DNA序列分析表明 ,它拥有一个 636bp的开放读码框架 ,编码 2 1 2个氨基酸 .同源序列比较发现 ,它编码一个肌动蛋白相关蛋白的新成员 ,该序列与多种已知的肌动蛋白相关蛋白 SM2 2 α及其同源蛋白在氨基酸水平上有 62 %～ 95%的同源性 .Northern杂交分析显示 ,该基因 m RNA转录本在两种不同胸腺基质细胞中的表达存在显著差异 . RT- PCR分析显示 ,该基因特异表达于小鼠淋巴相关组织中 ,而在非淋巴组织中无表达 .