成纤维细胞生长因子3-siRNA对肺癌细胞A549侵袭性和基质金属蛋白酶9表达的影响

目的:探讨人成纤维细胞生长因子3(Fibroblast growth factor3,FGFR3)基因沉默对人类肺腺癌A549细胞侵袭能力及其对基质金属蛋白酶9(Matrix metaloproteinases 9,MMP9)基因表达的影响。方法:细胞分为3组:A组:实验组,即FGFR3特异性小干扰RNA(Small interfering RNA,siRNA)(siRNA-FGFR3)干扰组;B组:阴性对照组,即FGFR3非特异性阴性对照siRNA(siRNA-NC)干扰组;C组:空白对照组,无siRNA干扰;通过核酸转染试剂脂质体Lipofectamine TM2000(Lipo2000)转染A549细胞;倒置荧光显微镜观察Lipo2000转染效率;转染后A549细胞的侵袭能力用Transwell实验检测;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,Real-time PCR)用于检测转染前后FGFR3及MMP9 m RNA的表达水平。结果:Lipo2000介导的FAM-siRNA对肺腺癌A549细胞的转染效率可达80%;在转染36 h后,Transwell实验结果显示A组较B组、C组侵袭能力显著降低(P0.01)。Real-time PCR结果显示,A组较B、C组的FGFR3和MMP9基因表达量明显下调(P0.01)。结论:FGFR3基因沉默可明显抑制肺腺癌A549细胞的侵袭能力,并能下调MMP9表达。为肺癌的治疗提供了新的靶点。     

优化脂质体对肝癌细胞株HepG2细胞转染效率

摸索用Lipofectamine 2000(Lipo)转染质粒pEGFP-C1到肝癌细胞HepG2较为合适的转染条件。以HepG2细胞为研究对象,采用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000转染pEGFP-C1质粒,在24孔板先按每孔0.5μg固定pEGFP-C1质粒用量,摸索Lipo在1μL、1.5μL、2μL、2.5μL量上较为合适的用量,确定Lipo用量后,然后固定Lipo为1μL,摸索质粒用量0.5μg、1μg,确定脂质体与质粒的最佳比例。此外,对转染中培养基是否含血清,Lipofectamine 2000与pEGFP-C1质粒比例为1:0.5的基础上,扩大用量,即Lipofectamine 2000 2μL和pEGFP-C1质粒1μg,以及脂质体复合物孵育细胞时间进行优化。最后,采用荧光倒置显微镜观察细胞转染效率和方差分析及秩和检验的统计学方法进行统计分析。结果显示,pEGFP-C1质粒固定为0.5μg时,Lipo用量在1μL及1.5μL用量组转染效率最好,之后随着Lipo用量加大,转染效率下降;固定Lipo用量1μL,pEGFP-C1质粒0.5μg时转染效率最好(p0.05),比例不变,扩大Lipo和质粒用量,并不增加转染效率。转染后于3 h、6 h、8 h、12 h、24 h换成正常培养基培养,转染6 h后换液较好。此外,研究发现培养基是否含血清不影响转染效率。本研究表明在24孔板板中用Lipofectamine 2000转染HepG2细胞时较为合适的转染条件为每孔1μL Lipofectamine 2000和0.5μg质粒,脂质体与质粒的最佳比例为2:1,血清不影响转染效率,用含血清培养基转染后6 h换液培养。     

阳离子脂质体介导基因转染肿瘤细胞

使用基因转运载体运载肿瘤细胞进行转染是基因治疗的关键环节之一。Lipo-fectamine2000和DOTAP作为商品转染试剂,具有较高的转染效率。为了进一步发掘其作为基因转运载体的应用潜力,该文研究了Lipofectamine2000和DOTAP的粒径、Zeta电位及形态,并分别与绿色荧光蛋白基因（pGFP—N2）、荧光素酶基因（pGL3）结合,形成脂质体／DNA复合物,通过载入人喉癌细胞（Hep-2）和人肺癌细胞（NCI—H460）,考察了其转染效率和细胞毒性。结果表明,脂质体Lipofectamine2000与DOTAP都能有效压缩DNA,形成复合物。Lipofectamine2000与DOTAP井目比,转染效率高,与DNA最佳转染比例范围为2：1～4：1。毒性实验显示,在N／P大于3／l时,Lipofectamine2000与DOTAP对癌细胞具有一定的细胞毒性。细胞种类对脂质体的转染效率有很大影响,Lipo—fectamine2000对Hep－2细胞的转染效率比NcI—H460高。     

脂质体介导的人甲状腺过氧化物酶基因转染肺癌A549细胞及其蛋白表达

目的:利用基因转染技术,研究以脂质体Lipofectamine2000为载体介导的人甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPO)基因体外转染肺癌细胞,检测感染细胞内TPO蛋白的表达,为放射性碘治疗肺癌提供理论和实验依据.方法:将获得的含TPO基因的质粒pcDAN3.1-hTPO进行扩增、纯化,并经酶切鉴定和DNA测序.将肺癌A549细胞在体外复苏与培养并分为两组:转染质粒peDAN3.1-hTPO的为实验组,转染空质粒pcDAN3.1的为对照组.以脂质体Lipofectamine2000为栽体,介导TPO基因转染肺癌细胞.采用Western Blot免疫印迹法和免疫组化法分别检测肺癌细胞中TPO蛋白的表达.结果:①酶切鉴定和DNA测序结果表明质粒pcDAN3.1-hTPO中插入的基因为hTPO基因,其片段大小和方向正确.②体外培养的肺癌细胞活力及数量正常,细胞活力为96%,细胞生长密度为1× 106/ml,满足实验要求.③质粒转染A549细胞后,Western Blot免疫印迹法显示:在实验组中,肺癌A549细胞有TPO蛋白的表达,而在对照组中无表达.④免疫组化染色结果显示:在实验组的肺癌A549细胞中,TPO蛋白表达阳性且主要分布于细胞膜上,阳性表达率可达75%,而在对照组中TPO蛋白表达阴性,两组比较差异有显著性(P=0.000).结论:①获得的hTPO基因片段的核苷酸序列与GeneBank报道完全一致.②在脂质体Lipofectamine2000的介导下,TPO基因能够有效地转染肺癌细胞.③转染人甲状腺过氧化物酶基因的肺癌细胞能够在体外成功地表达TPO蛋白.     

shRNA抑制人卵巢癌SW626细胞CXCR4基因的研究

探讨应用RNA干扰技术沉默趋化因子受体4(CXCR4)基因的表达,研究其对人卵巢癌SW626细胞增殖的抑制作用。设计合成两对特异性针对CXCR4基因的Oligo siRNA,用脂质体转染法转染至SW626细胞中,荧光共聚焦显微镜检测转染效率,采用Western blotting检测CXCR4蛋白表达情况,同时利用M'IT试验检测转染后细胞增殖抑制情况。结果显示,转染Oligo siRNA后,SW626细胞CXCR4蛋白表达水平降低(P0.05);细胞增殖的抑制率明显增高(P0.05)。体外合成的特异性针对CXCR4基因的Oligo siRNA对卵巢癌细胞株SW626中CXCR4基因表达和细胞增殖均有明显抑制作用。     

应用siRNA技术探讨MCF-7乳腺癌细胞分泌的VEGF对树突状细胞的影响

为探讨MCF-7乳腺癌细胞分泌的血管内皮生长因子（ vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF）对树突状细胞（dendritic cell, DC）功能及其分化的影响,针对VEGF基因设计siRNA（small interfering RNA, siRNA),采用脂质体转染法以100 nmol/L最佳转染浓度导入MCF-7乳腺癌细胞（siRNA组）,以脂质体Lipofectamine　2000TM转染MCF-7 乳腺癌细胞培养上清培养正常DC作为对照（对照组）,采用ELISA法检测经siRNA 干扰VEGF基因后的MCF-7 乳腺癌细胞分泌的VEGF因子含量, Western 印迹检测VEGF蛋白表达,以探讨siRNA的基因沉默效果;以siRNA组和对照组培养上清分别培养外周血单个核细胞,用流式细胞仪检测所诱导DC表型CD1a、CD80、CD83、CD86和HLA-DR的表达,用MTT法检测转染前后两组DC 诱导的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL）对MCF-7细胞的细胞毒作用.结果显示,MCF-7 乳腺癌细胞培养上清能明显抑制正常DC分化成熟及抗原递呈能力,干扰VEGF基因后MCF-7 乳腺癌细胞培养上清对DC的影响明显降低,CD80、CD83、CD86和HLA-DR的表达较对照组显著升高,而CD1a表达下降（P＜0.01）.转染前后DC 诱导的CTL对MCF-7细胞的杀伤活性有明显差异（P＜0.01）.由此可见,siRNA可靶向抑制MCF-7乳腺癌细胞VEGF的表达,下调VEGF后的MCF-7 细胞上清对DC分化成熟及功能的抑制作用明显降低,从而推测VEGF在肿瘤的发生、发展和免疫抑制方面可能起着重要的作用.     

离心法增加HaCaT细胞的基因转染效率

HaCaT细胞是自发性的人永生化表皮细胞株,常用于皮肤功能与疾病的相关研究,但常规脂质体法转染该细胞的效率极低。该研究主要探讨离心是否能够增加脂质体法转染HaCaT细胞的效率。以Lipofectamine~?2000为脂质体转染试剂,pEGFP-C1为质粒转染HaCaT细胞后分别使用常规法和离心法处理,利用荧光倒置显微镜和流式细胞仪测定转染效率;细胞增殖活力实验检测离心是否对细胞活力产生影响;荧光素酶报告基因、Western blot实验检测离心法实际效应对目的基因表达的影响。结果表明,离心法处理组所测得的转染效率均高于常规法处理组,差异有统计学意义。荧光素酶报告基因实验、Western blot实验则进一步证实了转染后离心的性价效应能增加目的基因的表达,具有较高的实用性。综上所述,常规转染步骤后离心能够增加HaCaT细胞的基因转染效率。     

FUT8基因RNAi慢病毒载体的构建及对MCF-7细胞增殖的影响

旨在构建FUT8基因RNA干扰(RNAi)慢病毒载体并观察其对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖的影响。针对FUT8基因设计3组短发夹RNA序列,退火合成双链DNA,通过连接线性化的p GC-LV-GFP载体,构建mi RNA慢病毒载体质粒,并将其转化至感受态细胞DH5α;测序验证正确后进行FUT8基因慢病毒载体的包装及病毒滴度测定,将获得的重组慢病毒p GC-sh FUT8转染MCF-7细胞,利用Real time-PCR、Western blot分别验证转染后MCF-7细胞中FUT8 m RNA及蛋白的表达,MTT法及克隆形成实验检测sh FUT8对MCF-7细胞增殖能力的影响。测序证实成功构建针对FUT8基因的RNAi慢病毒载体;慢病毒载体经293T细胞包装成功,测定病毒悬液滴度5×108 TU/m L;荧光显微镜下观察各转染组细胞GFP的表达,转染效率达90%以上;Real-time PCR、Western blot结果显示干扰组FUT8的m RNA及蛋白表达水平较对照组显著降低,其中p GC-sh FUT8-2序列对FUT8基因的干扰效率可达80%,干扰效果最佳,FUT8沉默后MCF-7细胞增殖能力下降。     

Hsp70-NP融合蛋白增强诱导HTNV NP特异性CTL的实验研究

本文采用纯化蛋白Hsp70-NP,NP,Hsp70分别免疫C57/BL6小鼠,取各组小鼠脾淋巴细胞进行淋巴细胞增殖试验和细胞毒试验.此外,为了获得细胞毒实验的靶细胞,本文还采用脂质体介导质粒pcDNA3.1/S转染黑色素瘤细胞B16,通过G418筛选稳定克隆,并用RT-PCR,Western blots以及免疫荧光染色证实N蛋白在胞浆中表达.淋巴细胞增殖实验表明,Hsp70-NP,NP组小鼠脾淋巴细胞均能够对体外抗原刺激产生增殖反应,而Hsp70-NP组的增殖指数明显高于NP免疫组.细胞毒实验结果表明,LDH的释放具有效应细胞依赖性,Hsp70-NP,NP免疫组脾淋巴细胞均可以特异性杀伤靶细胞B16-N,而Hsp70-NP免疫组的杀伤率显著高于NP免疫组.实验结果显示,Hsp70可以增强NP诱导产生特异性CTL的能力.本研究结果为进一步设计基于NP的合成肽疫苗或基因疫苗提供了重要实验依据.     

沉默UVRAG基因在二烯丙基二硫诱导K562细胞中caspase3的表达

目的:沉默UVRAG基因在DADS诱导K562细胞中观察caspase3的表达。方法:以K562细胞为细胞模型,将构建成功并筛选出最有效干扰抑制UVRAG基因的si RNA序列片段采用lipofectamine TM2000脂质体转染法转染白血病K562细胞,组别为:空白对照组,转染试剂组、阴性对照组,阳性对照组,转染24小时后,利用QT-PCR检测UVRAG m RNA的表达水平以此观察干扰效果,再以40 mg/LDADS处理转染试剂组12小时,采用蛋白印迹(Western Blotting)技术检测凋亡相关基因caspase3的表达。结果:QT-PCR显示:与空白组相比,UVRAG m RNA表达明显减少,表明沉默UVRAG基因成功;Western Blotting显示:DADS处理的干扰成功的K562细胞12小时后,检测到caspase3的蛋白表达水平下降。结论:沉默UVRAG基因能使白血病K562细胞中凋亡相关基因caspase3的蛋白表达水平下降,提示抑制UVRAG表达的同时也可能抑制DADS诱导K562细胞的凋亡。     

Impairment of cellular immunity is associated with overexpression of heat shock protein 70 in neonatal pigs with intrauterine growth retardation

Neonates with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) are susceptible to decreases in cellular immunity. In recent years, a growing body of evidence indicates that Hsp70 may serve as a danger signal to the innate immune system and promote receptor-mediated apoptosis. Using neonatal pigs with IUGR, we investigated immune function of pigs and expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and forkhead box O 3a (FoxO3a) in the intestinal tract. Samples from the blood, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of normal body weight (NBW) piglets and IUGR piglets were collected at day 7 after birth. Furthermore, to test whether Hsp70 is associated with regulation of NF-κB and FoxO3a, Hsp70 was silenced using small RNA interference (siRNA) in IEC-6 cells. Body and intestinal weights were lower in IUGR piglets than in NBW piglets (p?相似文献   

Heat shock protein 70 protects cells from cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R

Viral protein R (Vpr) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is an accessory protein that plays an important role in viral pathogenesis. This pathogenic activity of Vpr is related in part to its capacity to induce cell cycle G2 arrest and apoptosis of target T cells. A screening for multicopy suppressors of these Vpr activities in fission yeast identified heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) as a suppressor of Vpr-induced cell cycle arrest. Hsp70 is a member of a family of molecular chaperones involved in innate immunity and protection from environmental stress. In this report, we demonstrate that HIV-1 infection induces Hsp70 in target cells. Overexpression of Hsp70 reduced the Vpr-dependent G2 arrest and apoptosis and also reduced replication of the Vpr-positive, but not Vpr-deficient, HIV-1. Suppression of Hsp70 expression by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in increased apoptosis of cells infected with a Vpr-positive, but not Vpr-defective, HIV-1. Replication of the Vpr-positive HIV-1 was also increased when Hsp70 expression was diminished. Vpr and Hsp70 coimmunoprecipitated from HIV-infected cells. Together, these results identify Hsp70 as a novel anti-HIV innate immunity factor that targets HIV-1 Vpr.     

Heat induction of heat shock protein 25 requires cellular glutamine in intestinal epithelial cells

Glutamine is considered a nonessential amino acid; however, it becomes conditionally essential during critical illness when consumption exceeds production. Glutamine may modulate the heat shock/stress response, an important adaptive cellular response for survival. Glutamine increases heat induction of heat shock protein (Hsp) 25 in both intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-18) and mesenchymal NIH/3T3 cells, an effect that is neither glucose nor serum dependent. Neither arginine, histidine, proline, leucine, asparagine, nor tyrosine acts as physiological substitutes for glutamine for heat induction of Hsp25. The lack of effect of these amino acids was not caused by deficient transport, although some amino acids, including glutamate (a major direct metabolite of glutamine), were transported poorly by IEC-18 cells. Glutamate uptake could be augmented in a concentration- and time-dependent manner by increasing either media concentration and/or duration of exposure. Under these conditions, glutamate promoted heat induction of Hsp25, albeit not as efficiently as glutamine. Further evidence for the role of glutamine conversion to glutamate was obtained with the glutaminase inhibitor 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON), which inhibited the effect of glutamine on heat-induced Hsp25. DON inhibited phosphate-dependent glutaminase by 75% after 3 h, decreasing cell glutamate. Increased glutamine/glutamate conversion to glutathione was not involved, since the glutathione synthesis inhibitor, buthionine sulfoximine, did not block glutamine’s effect on heat induction of Hsp25. A large drop in ATP levels did not appear to account for the diminished Hsp25 induction during glutamine deficiency. In summary, glutamine is an important amino acid, and its requirement for heat-induced Hsp25 supports a role for glutamine supplementation to optimize cellular responses to pathophysiological stress. IEC-18; NIH/3T3; glutaminase; 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine; glutathione     

Ibuprofen enhances the anticancer activity of cisplatin in lung cancer cells by inhibiting the heat shock protein 70

Hsp70 is often overexpressed in cancer cells, and the selective cellular survival advantage that it confers may contribute to the process of tumour formation. Thus, the pharmacological manipulation of Hsp70 levels in cancer cells may be an effective means of preventing the progression of tumours. We found that the downregulation of Hsp70 by ibuprofen in vitro enhances the antitumoural activity of cisplatin in lung cancer. Ibuprofen prominently suppressed the expression of Hsp70 in A549 cells derived from lung adenocarcinoma and sensitized them to cisplatin in association with an increase in the mitochondrial apoptotic cascade, whereas ibuprofen alone did not induce cell death. The cisplatin-dependent events occurring up- and downstream of mitochondrial disruption were accelerated by treatment with ibuprofen. The increase in cisplatin-induced apoptosis caused by the depletion of Hsp70 by RNA interference is evidence that the increased apoptosis by ibuprofen is mediated by its effect on Hsp70. Our observations indicate that the suppression of Hsp70 by ibuprofen mediates the sensitivity to cisplatin by enhancing apoptosis at several stages of the mitochondrial cascade. Ibuprofen, therefore, is a potential therapeutic agent that might allow lowering the doses of cisplatin and limiting the many challenge associated with its toxicity and development of drug resistance.     

Anticancer drugs up-regulate HspBP1 and thereby antagonize the prosurvival function of Hsp70 in tumor cells

The 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) is up-regulated in a wide variety of tumor cell types and contributes to the resistance of these cells to the induction of cell death by anticancer drugs. Hsp70 binding protein 1 (HspBP1) modulates the activity of Hsp70 but its biological significance has remained unclear. We have now examined whether HspBP1 might interfere with the prosurvival function of Hsp70, which is mediated, at least in part, by inhibition of the death-associated permeabilization of lysosomal membranes. HspBP1 was found to be expressed at a higher level than Hsp70 in all normal and tumor cell types examined. Tumor cells with a high HspBP1/Hsp70 molar ratio were more susceptible to anticancer drugs than were those with a low ratio. Ectopic expression of HspBP1 enhanced this effect of anticancer drugs in a manner that was both dependent on the ability of HspBP1 to bind to Hsp70 and sensitive to the induction of Hsp70 by mild heat shock. Furthermore, anticancer drugs up-regulated HspBP1 expression, whereas prevention of such up-regulation by RNA interference reduced the susceptibility of tumor cells to anticancer drugs. Overexpression of HspBP1 promoted the permeabilization of lysosomal membranes, the release of cathepsins from lysosomes into the cytosol, and the activation of caspase-3 induced by anticancer drugs. These results suggest that HspBP1, by antagonizing the prosurvival activity of Hsp70, sensitizes tumor cells to cathepsin-mediated cell death.     

Characterization and regulation of the major histocompatibility complex-encoded proteins Hsp70-Hom and Hsp70-1/2

Vertebrate cells contain at least 12 different genes for Hsp70 proteins, 3 of which are encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region. In the human MHC, these are named Hsp70-1, -2, and -Hom. To characterize these proteins, we have determined their substrate binding specificity, their cellular and tissue distribution, and the regulation of their expression. We show for the first time (1) peptide binding specificity of Hsp70-Hom; (2) endogenous expression of Hsp70-Hom in human cell lines; (3) cytoplasmic location of Hsp70-Hom protein under basal conditions and concentration in the nucleus after heat shock; (4) unique RNA expression profiles in human tissues for each of the MHC-encoded Hsp70s, significantly different from that for the constitutive Hsc70; (5) a relative increase in levels of Hsp70-Hom protein, compared with other Hsp70s, in response to interferon gamma; and (6) a specific increase on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of in vivo messenger RNA levels for the MHC-encoded Hsp70s and the DnaJ homologue, hdj2, relative to other chaperones. The unique tissue distributions and specific up-regulation by LPS of the MHC-encoded Hsp70s suggest some specialization of functions for these members of the Hsp70 family, possibly in the inflammatory response.