青藤碱对慢性非细菌性大鼠前列腺炎大鼠炎症反应及P38Mapk信号通路的影响

目的：观察青藤碱对慢性非细菌性大鼠前列腺炎大鼠炎症反应及P38Mapk信号通路的影响。方法：将SD大鼠随机分为对照组、青藤碱高、低剂量组。对照组组给予生理盐水灌胃,青藤碱低、中、高剂量组分别给予青藤碱40,80、160mg／kg灌胃,28天后处死。realtimeRT-PCR法和westernblot法检测肿瘤组织中TNF-、IL-6rnR_NA和TNF-、IL-6、P—P38MAPK蛋白的表达。结果：青藤碱能明显降低慢性非细菌性大鼠前列腺炎大鼠前5,1腺组织中TNF-、IL-6mRNA和TNF-、IL-6、p-P38MAPK蛋白的表达。结论：青藤碱能抑制慢性非细菌性大鼠前列腺炎大鼠前列腺炎症反应,其机制可能与抑制P38MAP信号通路有关。     

哈乐联合青藤碱治疗前列腺炎的临床观察

目的：观察哈乐联合青藤碱治疗前列腺炎的疗效。方法：将90例符合入选标准的前列腺患者,随机分为联合治疗组和对照组。对照组给予哈乐0．2mg;联合治疗组在此基础上给予青藤碱口服,一日3次,前期一次2片,一日3次;三日增至一次3片,一日3次。治疗4周,观察疗效和比较两组患者前列腺液中TNF-α、IL-6表达。结果：联合治疗组总有效率显著优于对照组（P〈0．05）,前列腺液中TNF-α、IL-6表达明显低于对照组。结论：哈乐配合青藤碱,能增强其对前列腺炎的疗效。     

哈乐联合青藤碱治疗前列腺炎的临床观察

目的:观察哈乐联合青藤碱治疗前列腺炎的疗效。方法:将90例符合入选标准的前列腺患者,随机分为联合治疗组和对照组。对照组给予哈乐0.2 mg;联合治疗组在此基础上给予青藤碱口服,一日3次,前期一次2片,一日3次;三日增至一次3片,一日3次。治疗4周,观察疗效和比较两组患者前列腺液中TNF-α、IL-6表达。结果:联合治疗组总有效率显著优于对照组(P<0.05),前列腺液中TNF-α、IL-6表达明显低于对照组。结论:哈乐配合青藤碱,能增强其对前列腺炎的疗效。     

P38MAPK信号通路与心血管疾病关系的研究进展

P38MAPK信号通路是细胞内主要的信息传递途径之一,与其他信号通路相互联系,共同调节细胞增殖、分化、凋亡、细胞骨架重构及细胞周期,在多种心血管疾病发生发展和转归中均起着重要作用。通过阻断和调控P38MAPK的表达和活性,探索防治心血管疾病的新的治疗手段具有重大临床意义。本文拟将P38MAPK与心血管疾病的关系的研究进展做一综述。     

茅莓对大鼠非细菌性前列腺炎的影响

采用角叉菜胶和消痔灵制备大鼠非细菌性前列腺炎病理模型,研究茅莓提取物对大鼠非细菌性前列腺炎的影响。取前列腺炎模型大鼠随机分为模型对照组、茅莓水提物高(5.0 g/kg)、低剂量组(2.5 g/kg)、茅莓醇提物高(5.0 g/kg)、低剂量组(2.5 g/kg),各组灌胃给药每天2次,连续28 d,观察大鼠前列腺湿重、指数及病理组织检查等指标的变化。结果表明:茅莓能抑制前列腺炎模型大鼠前列腺腺体增重(P<0.05),减轻炎性细胞浸润和损伤(P<0.05),对大鼠非细菌性前列腺炎有一定的治疗作用。     

青藤碱对MsPGN大鼠肾脏病理及ICAM-1表达的影响

为探讨青藤碱(Sinomenine,SIN)对实验性系膜增生性肾小球肾炎(MsPGN)的病理形态学改善及肾组织中细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达的影响,通过实验建立改良的慢性血清病性MsPGN动物模型,光镜观察肾小球以及肾小管-间质的病理改变情况,采用免疫组织化学法检测ICAM-1的表达并分别进行半定量分析。结果显示:光镜下,模型组与正常组相比,系膜基质指数显著升高(P<0.01),肾小球毛细血管直径明显缩小(P<0.01);青藤碱组与模型组相比,上述病理改变明显减轻,系膜基质指数显著下降(P<0.01),肾小球毛细血管直径明显改善(P<0.01)。肾组织中ICAM-1免疫组化结果显示青藤碱可明显下调ICAM-1的表达,肾组织ICAM-1的相对含量、积分光密度,均显著下降(P<0.01),青藤碱组与雷公藤多苷组相比,二者无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验表明青藤碱能够有效减轻肾脏病理损害,抑制MsPGN大鼠肾组织ICAM-1的表达,延缓疾病进展。     

抑制p38MAPK信号通路对Bpiv3复制的影响

由牛副流感病毒3型(Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3,Bpiv3)感染引起的牛副流感病已成为各国牛场最重要的传染病之一,每年都会给世界养牛业造成巨大的经济损失,但关于该病致病的分子机制研究较少。本研究通过观察Bpiv3感染对MDBK细胞中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MKK3)及其下游分子p38丝裂酶原活化的蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)的表达的影响,探讨相关的信号转导机制,对p38 MAPK通路在Bpiv3感染过程中的作用进行了初步研究。Bpiv3感染细胞后,采用Western Blot检测MKK3,p38 MAPK在蛋白水平的表达变化,并采用ELISA法检测细胞上清中IL-6,IL-8,IL-13和TNF-α的水平变化,采用SPSS 12软件进行统计学分析。结果表明,Bpiv3在感染后能够诱导MKK3的激活以及p38的磷酸化,激活了p38 MAPK信号通路。而且p38 MAPK信号通路参与了Bpiv3的复制过程。ELISA检测Bpiv3感染后以及使用抑制剂SB202190处理后的细胞上清中IL-6、IL-8、IL-13和TNF-α的水平发现,p38 MAPK信号通路参与了Bpiv3诱导的炎症反应。研究证实Bpiv3感染能够激活p38 MAPK通路,显著上调MKK3的表达并诱导p38发生磷酸化,进一步激活下游分子发挥生物学活性,促进Bpiv3的复制及诱导促炎细胞因子的产生。p38 MAPK信号通路的激活可能是Bpiv3感染诱发炎症反应的机制之一。     

青藤碱对吗啡依赖与戒断小鼠脑组织nNOS活性的影响

目的:观察青藤碱对吗啡依赖与戒断小鼠中枢神经系统中大脑皮层、小脑、脑干的nNOS活性变化的影响。方法:剂量递增法建立小鼠吗啡依赖模型,青藤碱治疗前后用纳洛酮催瘾,观察戒断症状;化学比色法测各脑组织匀浆的nNOS活性。结果:青藤碱可扭转成瘾小鼠的体重下降趋势,减轻戒断症状;使由吗啡依赖与戒断引起异常变化的nNOS活性水平恢复到最终接近对照组水平。结论:青藤碱能显著减轻吗啡依赖小鼠的戒断征状,其机制可能与青藤碱影响各脑组织nNOS活性相关。     

圆锥铁线莲对慢性非细菌性前列腺炎的治疗作用及机制研究

本文研究圆锥铁线莲水提取物对实验性慢性非细菌性前列腺炎的治疗作用,并对其抗炎的作用机制进行初步探讨。采用苯甲酸雌二醇致去势大鼠慢性非细菌性前列腺炎模型,研究圆锥铁线莲对慢性非细菌性前列腺炎的治疗作用。酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测血清细胞因子白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的水平,Western Blot和免疫组化法检测前列腺组织环氧酶2(COX-2)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(i NOS)的变化,探讨圆锥铁线莲发挥抗炎作用的可能机制。研究发现苯甲酸雌二醇致去势大鼠慢性非细菌性前列腺炎模型中,圆锥铁线莲2 g/kg组可见前列腺液中白细胞数明显降低,卵磷脂小体数量明显增加;病理切片可见炎症细胞浸润和成纤维细胞增生的情况有所改善。圆锥铁线莲能明显降低苯甲酸雌二醇致去势大鼠慢性非细菌性前列腺炎模型血清中IL-1β及TNF-α的含量,减少前列腺组织中COX-2和i NOS的表达。表明圆锥铁线莲水提取物对慢性非细菌性前列腺炎具有良好的抑制作用,其作用机制可能是通过调节炎症细胞因子水平、抑制COX-2以及i NOS的表达,从而避免局部产生过量的前列腺素(PG)和一氧化氮(NO),减轻局部炎性损伤实现的。     

高碳酸血症对大鼠机械通气肺损伤时炎症因子和p38MAPK 表达的影响

目的:探讨高碳酸血症对大鼠机械通气性肺损伤(VILI)时炎症因子和p38MAPK表达的影响。方法:健康雄性Wistar大鼠30只,体重220～280g,采用随机数字表法,将大鼠随机分3组(n=10):对照组(C组)、机械通气肺损伤组(V组)和高碳酸血症组(H组)。C组保留自主呼吸,V组和H组行机械通气4 h。采用高气道压机械通气模式制备机械通气性肺损伤模型。H组通过调整吸入的CO2浓度来维持动脉血PaCO2分别为80～100mmHg。机械通气结束时,测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中总蛋白、TNF-α和巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-2(MIP-2)的浓度;取肺组织,测定湿干重比(W/D比)、细胞间粘附分子(ICAM-1)和p38MAPK蛋白的表达水平以及p38MAPK的活性,并观察病理学结果,进行肺损伤评分。结果:与C组比较,V组肺损伤评分、W/D比、ICAM-1表达水平、BALF中总蛋白浓度、TNF-α和MIP-2浓度和肺组织p38MAPK活性升高,PaO2降低(P<0.05);与V组比较,H组肺损伤评分、W/D比、ICAM-1表达水平、BALF中总蛋白浓度、TNF-α和MIP-2浓度和肺组织p38MAPK活性降低,PaO2升高(P<0.05)。结论:高碳酸血症通过调节p38MAPK的表达,从而抑制炎症反应减轻大鼠机械通气肺损伤。     

Syntheses and structure–activity relationships for some triazolyl p38α MAPK inhibitors

The design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel triazolyl p38α MAPK inhibitors with improved water solubility for formulation in cationic liposomes (SAINT-O-Somes) targeted at diseased endothelial cells is described. Water-solubilizing groups were introduced via a ‘click’ reaction of functional azides with 2-alkynyl imidazoles and isosteric oxazoles to generate two small libraries of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazolyl p38α MAPK inhibitors. Triazoles with low IC₅₀ values and desired physicochemical properties were screened for in vitro downregulation of proinflammatory gene expression and were formulated in SAINT-O-Somes. Triazolyl p38α MAPK inhibitor 88 (IC₅₀ = 0.096 μM) displayed the most promising in vitro activity.     

IL-6在胶质母细胞瘤的表达及作用机制研究

目的:探讨白介素6(IL-6)在胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)中的表达,并探讨其高表达的作用机制,以期阐明GBM发生发展潜在分子机制。方法:采用免疫组化检测表皮生长因子变体3 (EGFRv III)阳性和阴性GBM组织IL-6的相对表达。以恶性胶质瘤细胞U87MG为研究对象,构建表达EGFRv III的U87MG-EGFRvIII细胞,用IL-1β分别处理U87MG、U87MG-EGFRvIII细胞,ELISA检测IL-6分泌量。采用EGFR下游效应通路p38MAPK、MK2、MEK1/2、JNK抑制剂SB、sc-48、PD、SP预处理细胞1小时,IL-1β刺激细胞后,检测各组IL-6分泌量变化。将IL-1β处理后的U87MG-EGFRvIII细胞记为IL-1β组,以不做任何处理细胞记为Control组,用联合SB、sc-48处理的IL-1β细胞依次命名为IL-1β+SB和IL-1β+sc-48组,western blot检测p38MAPK-MK2通路蛋白和IL-6蛋白表达,qPCR检测IL-6 m RNA表达。结果:IL-6在EGFRv III阳性GBM组织中普遍高表达,在EGFRv III阴性GBM组织中普遍低表达。EGFRv III可在未受IL-1β刺激的恶性胶质瘤细胞中上调IL-6基础分泌,也可在IL-1β刺激情况下进一步促进IL-6分泌。在U87MG细胞中,所有通路抑制剂对IL-6分泌均无影响;在U87MG-EGFRvIII细胞中p38 MAPK-MK2通路抑制剂SB和sc-48明显抑制IL-1β诱导的IL-6分泌,而MEK1/2、JNK抑制剂PD和SP则无明显影响。IL-1β能够诱导p38MAPK-MK2通路激活,诱导细胞内IL-6表达增加,联合SB、sc-48处理细胞后,p38MAPK-MK2通路活性降低,细胞内IL-6表达降低。结论:癌基因EGFRv III能够上调恶性胶质瘤细胞中IL-6基础分泌,IL-1β可进一步刺激IL-6分泌,其机制可能与p38MAPK-MK2通路激活有关。     

The enigmatic role of IL-38 in inflammatory diseases

IL-38 is the most recently discovered cytokine of the IL-1 family and is considered a potential inhibitor of the IL-1 and Toll-like receptor families. IL-38 exerts anti-inflammatory properties, especially on macrophages, by inhibiting secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to reduced T-lymphocyte TH17 maturation. IL-38 has been studied most extensively in the context of chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly arthritis, where it is considered an attractive new drug candidate. IL-38 research has entered a new phase, with the realization that IL-38 is important in the pathophysiology of TH17 dependent-diseases (psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis). In this review, we provide a critical evaluation of several controversial issues concerning IL-38 function and regulation. There is effectively contrasting data regarding IL-38: it is produced in conditions such as apoptosis, necrosis or inflammation, but data is lacking regarding IL-38 processing and biological function. Furthermore, the receptor for IL-38 has yet to be identified, although three candidate receptors – IL-1R1, IL-36R and IL-1RAPL1–have been proposed. Future studies will hopefully uncover new aspects of this enigmatic cytokine.     

AICAR stimulates IL-6 production via p38 MAPK in cardiac fibroblasts in adult mice: a possible role for AMPK

Though known as a sensor of energy balance, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was recently shown to limit damage and apoptotic activity and contribute to the late preconditioning in heart. Interleukin-6 was also reported to involve in anti-apoptosis and cardio-protection in myocardium. Interestingly, both AMPK activity and IL-6 level were increased in response to ischemia, hypertrophy and oxidative stress. To determine whether AMPK activation will promote IL-6 production, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) from mice were incubated with AMPK activator, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-4-ribofuranoside (AICAR). The results demonstrated that AICAR time and dose-dependently stimulated IL-6 production by ELISA and immunofluorescence. Pretreatment with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor blocked AICAR-induced IL-6 production; furthermore, AICAR-activated p38 MAPK phosphorylation by Western blot. To confirm that the increase in IL-6 production is ascribed to AMPK activation, we used another known AMPK activator, metformin. It also dose-dependently potentiated IL-6 production in CFs, and this potentiation could be reversed by p38 MAPK inhibitor. In conclusion, AMPK activation promoted IL-6 production in CFs via p38 MAPK-dependent pathway.     

炎症促进大鼠动脉粥样硬化初期内皮功能病变机制研究

目的:观察炎症因素诱导大鼠动脉粥样硬化发病过程中对血管内皮细胞的影响。方法:实验分为单纯高脂对照组和炎症组,分别腹腔注射给予无菌医用液体石蜡和酵母多糖(Zym,20mg/kg,1次/3天)。所有大鼠均喂食含3%胆固醇的高脂饲料,共8周。透射电镜观察主动脉超微结构;应用定量PCR法测定腹主动脉组织中诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)mRNA、血管细胞粘附分子(VCAM)-1 mRNA、以及基质金属蛋白酶7(MMP7)mRNA的表达。结果:炎症组可见游走于内膜下层的平滑肌细胞和和吞噬脂质颗粒的单核细胞,单纯高脂对照组仅见内皮细胞损伤和退行性变,未见内膜下层形成泡沫细胞,AS样病变较炎症组轻。与对照组相比,炎症组动脉壁iNOS mRNA表达降低,VCAM-1 mRNA及MMP7 mRNA标大量显著升高。结论:炎症刺激能够损伤动脉血管内皮细胞,诱导炎症因子释放增加,促进动脉粥样硬化的发生。     

炎症免疫刺激对孕鼠胚胎基因表达谱影响的研究

目的:探讨妊娠期大鼠经炎症免疫刺激后对胚胎基因表达谱的影响.方法:选取6只孕鼠,分别腹腔注射LPS及Zymosan后,取胚胎抽提总RNA,经纯化反转录等过程合成生物素标记的cRNA,经片断化后与Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array芯片杂交,读取芯片结果并进行分析.结果:LPS组有183个基因上调、270个基因表达下调,Zymosan组有144个基因表达上调、417个基因表达下调.有50个基因在上述两组中均表达上调,其中已知功能的有9个;有173个基因在上述两组中表达均下调,已知功能的有85个.结论:应用全基因组芯片筛选了孕鼠经炎症刺激后胚胎差异表达的基因,为进一步研究孕鼠经炎症刺激后仔鼠血压升高的机制提供了新的思路.     

七氟烷对培养的小鼠小胶质细胞炎症因子表达的影响

目的：探讨七氟烷对培养的小鼠小胶质细胞中炎症因子表达的影响。方法：取新生（2~3 天）C57BL/6小鼠,分离小胶质细胞, 将其随机分为4 组（n=10）：对照组（Control）;七氟烷组（Sevoflurane）;NF-资B抑制剂组（PDTC）;NF-kB 抑制剂+七氟烷组 （PDTC+Sevoflurane）。用Drager 麻醉机向Sevoflurane 组PDTC+Sevoflurane 组培养的小胶质细胞盒内释放21%O2,5%CO2,4.1% 七氟烷的气体,用气体分析仪持续监测各组的浓度。应用Iba-1 的免疫荧光染色法对小鼠小胶质细胞进行纯度鉴定。分别在于给 七氟烷后2 h、4 h 和6 h 时采用免疫印迹分析技术检测两组小胶质细胞IL-6 和TNF-alpha的表达水平和NF-kB 的活性。 PDTC+Sevoflurane 组在给七氟烷前一小时给予PDTC,采用ELISA 技术和免疫印迹分析技术检测各组小胶质细胞IL-6 和 TNF-alpha的浓度和NF-kB 的表达。结果：免疫印迹显示七氟烷组细胞中IL-6、TNF-alpha水平和NF- kB 的激活水平升高;PDTC降低了 七氟烷作用后核内NF-kB 的表达,减弱了IL-6和TNF-alpha水平的升高作用。结论：七氟烷可通过激活NF-kB信号通路,进一步激 活培养的小鼠小胶质细胞中炎症因子的表达。     

The Effects of Sunitinib in Healthy and Cisplatin-Induced Rats

Sunitinib is a multitargeted kinase inhibitor that inhibits many receptor tyrosine kinases and has been used in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. In this study, the effects of sunitinib given to rats, both alone and after stress with cisplatin, were investigated. The animals were divided into four groups – (1) control group (C) administered interperitoneally with a single dose 0.9 % saline, (2) Cis group administered a single dose (7 mg/kg) of cisplatin, (3) Sun group administered 10 mg/kg sunitinib for seven days, and (4) Cis+Sun group administered 10 mg/kg sunitinib for seven days after a single dose (7 mg/kg) of cisplatin. After these applications, the rats were sacrificed, and blood and tissue samples were taken for biochemical and histopathological evaluations. Sunitinib did not show any effect on urea, creatine, and kidney IL1β and TGF-β3 expression levels when administered alone; it increased ALT, AST, and IL-38 levels. When sunitinib was given to the cisplatin-induced rats, it was observed that the increase in ALT, AST, and IL-38 levels increased more than the rats that was given only sunitinib. According to the data obtained, sunitinib does not cause a significant change in kidney tissue under both normal and stress conditions, while it creates stress in liver tissue. In addition, its toxicity in the liver becomes more certain as a result of its combination with cisplatin.