左旋精氨酸在冠脉搭桥术中心肌保护效果研究

目的：通过在心脏停搏液中添加适量左旋精氨酸来观察其在冠脉搭桥术中心肌保护效果。方法：选择2008年1月~2010年1月在我院行冠状动脉旁路移植术患者20例,随机分为2组,每组10例,对照组：常规心肌保护液组,不添加左旋精氨酸。实验组,心肌保护液中加入7．5gm左旋精氨酸。测患者术前（T1）、术后6小时（T2）、术后12小时（T3）、术后24小时（T4）、术后48小时（T5）血浆中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8及cTnI含量。记录临床观察指标。结果：两组血浆TNF-α、IL．6、IL-8、cTnI浓度术前无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,术后各时点TNF-α、1L-6、IL．8、cTnI浓度显著升高且实验组均低于对照组（P〈0．05）。临床观察指标除血管活性药物应用情况实验组优于对照组（P〈0．05）外无明显差异。结论：在心脏停搏液中加入L-精氨酸,可有效保护缺血心肌,减轻心肌再灌注损伤程度。     

非体外循环与并行循环不停跳冠脉搭桥术炎性因子的比较

目的:通过对比非体外循环与并行循环下不停跳冠脉搭桥术炎性因子的变化,研究不同方法对机体全身炎性反应程度的影响.方法:选择2009年6月～2010年1月在我院行冠脉搭桥术患者30例,其中选取采用并行循环下不停跳冠脉搭桥术(OnP-BH CABG)和非体外循环冠脉搭桥术(OPCABG)患者各15例,即A组和B组.检测TI(术前)、T2(手术结束时)、T3(术后6小时)、T4(术后12小时)、T5(术后24小时)不同时间点血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)含量,并记录桥血管数量、精神状况、引流量及ICU入住时间.结果:两组血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、cTnI含量T1时无统计学意义(P＞0.05),T2、T3、T4、T5均呈升高趋势.A组较B组T2、T3、T4、T5各时间点TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8指标升高差异显著(P＜0.01);cTn I升高幅度略缓,T4、T5差异无统计学意义.比较患者术后精神状况及ICU入住时间,B组均优于A组(P＞0.05).术中搭桥血管支数无统计学差异、A组引流量较B组多,有统计学意义(p=0.02).结论:并行循环下不停跳冠脉搭桥术与非体外循环冠脉搭桥术相比,心肌损伤略重;体外循环可加重机体全身炎性反应程度.     

冠脉搭桥术后炎症反应与心肌标志物的关系

目的：探讨非体外循环与并行循环方法对心肌损伤和全身炎症反应的差异。方法：选择2009年6月～2010年1月在我院行冠脉搭桥术患者30例,其中选取采用并行循环下不停跳冠脉搭桥术（OnP-BH CABG）和非体外循环冠脉搭桥术（OPCABG）患者各15例,即A组和B组。检测T1（术前）、T2（手术结束时）、T3（术后6小时）、T4（术后12小时）、T5（术后24小时）不同时间点白细胞数量（WBC）、中性粒细胞（PMN）百分比、血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）、白介素-8（IL-8）、肌钙蛋白I（cTn I）含量,并记录桥血管数量、精神状况、引流量及ICU入住时间。结果：两组血浆WBC总数、PMN%、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、cTn I含量T1时无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,T2、T3、T4、T5时均呈升高趋势。A组较B组T2、T3、T4、T5各时间点WBC总数、PMN%、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8指标升高差异显著（P〈0.01）;cTn I升高幅度略缓,T4、T5差异无统计学意义。比较患者术后精神状况及ICU入住时间,B组均优于A组（P〉0.05）。术中搭桥血管支数无统计学差异、A组引流量较B组多,有统计学意义（p=0.02）。结论：并行循环下不停跳冠脉搭桥术与非体外循环冠脉搭桥术相比,心肌组织损伤略重;体外循环可加重机体全身炎性反应程度,增加神经系统并发症机率。     

心脏晶体停搏液和冷血停搏液不同灌注方法对心肌保护的评价

目的：评估二种心脏停搏液不同灌注方法对心肌保护作用。方法：30例双瓣患者随机分为冷晶体停搏液间断灌注组(n=10),冷血停搏液间断灌注组(n=10),冷血停搏液持续灌注组(n=10),观察血浆心肌肌钙蛋白T(CnT)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK—MB)。结果：体外循环后冷晶体停搏液间断灌注组血浆心肌肌钙蛋白T和肌酸激酶、肌酶激酶同工酶较其他2组明显增高;冷血停搏液间断灌注组和冷血停搏液持续灌注组血浆心肌肌钙蛋白T、肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶无明显差异。结论：冷血停搏液的心肌保护优于冷晶体停搏液,冷血停搏液间断灌注与持续灌注没有明显差异。     

右美托咪定在体外循环下心内直视手术患儿肺保护、心肌保护的作用及对应激反应的影响

目的:探讨右美托咪定对体外循环(CPB)下心内直视手术患儿肺保护、心肌保护的作用及对应激反应的影响。方法:选取2017年3月～2019年9月期间我院收治的CPB下行室间隔缺损修补术患儿80例,上述患儿根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=40)和研究组(n=40),麻醉诱导后研究组给予右美托咪定维持至术毕,对照组给予等容量生理盐水。比较两组患儿麻醉诱导前(T1)、停机后6h(T2)、停机后24h(T3)的肺功能[呼吸指数(RI)、氧合指数(OI)和肺顺应性(CL)]、心肌功能[心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、缺铁修饰白蛋白(IMA)]、炎性因子[白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)]及应激反应[皮质醇(Cor)、血糖(Glu)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)和肾上腺素(E)]情况。结果:两组T2～T3时间点RI呈下降趋势,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05),两组T2～T3时间点OI、CL呈升高趋势,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。两组T2～T3时间点cTnI、IMA呈下降趋势,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组T2～T3时间点Cor、Glu、NE、E呈下降趋势,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组T2～T3时间点IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β呈下降趋势,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:CPB下心内直视手术患儿术中予以右美托咪定,可有效保护其肺功能、心肌功能,减轻机体应激反应及炎性刺激,有一定的临床应用价值。     

地佐辛超前镇痛对全膝关节置换术患者围术期细胞因子的影响

目的：探讨地佐辛超前镇痛对全膝关节置换术患者围术期白介素-6（IL-6）、白介素-8（m-8）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）浓度的影响。方法：40例择期行单侧全膝关节置换术患者,随机分为超前镇痛组（实验组）和术后镇痛组（对照组）,每组20例。均采用蛛网膜下腔麻醉,患者静脉自控镇痛（PCIA）：地佐辛0．8mg／kg,生理盐水稀释至100mL。负荷剂量：5mL,持续剂量：2mL／h,追加剂量：0．5mL／次,锁定时间：15min。实验组于入室后10分钟麻醉操作前开始静脉负荷量和背景量,对照组于术毕开始PCIA镇痛,方法同实验组,记录患者术后6、8、12、24小时的疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS评分）以及术后48小时内患者恶心呕吐的发生情况,于入室后10分钟麻醉操作前（T1）、手术开始后10分钟（T2）、术毕2h（T3）、4h（T4）、8h05）、24h（T6）时间点抽取静脉血样,测定细胞因子IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平。结果：术后6h、8h、12h时间点VAS评分实验组较对照组明显降低（P〈0．05）,24hVAS评分变化不大,无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。术后48小时内,实验组发生恶心呕吐1例,对照组2例。与本组T1比较,血浆IL-6、IL．8浓度实验组在各时点变化不大,无统计学差异（P〉0．05）,对照组浓度升高（P〈0．05）。组间比较,相同时点血浆IL-6、IL-8浓度实验组均低于对照组（P〈0．05）。两组血浆TNF-α浓度比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：全膝关节置换术术前预先给予地佐辛可产生良好的超前镇痛效果,减少患者围术期细胞因子的产生。     

羟乙基淀粉对患者血浆ALB、炎症因子及肺功能的影响

探讨消化道肿瘤根治术后采用羟乙基淀粉治疗对患者血浆白蛋白(ALB)、炎症因子、肺功能的影响。选取在我院(2014年4月至2016年12月)实施根治性手术的120例消化道肿瘤患者,其中60例患者术后输入羟乙基淀粉10 m L/kg/d(实验组)、另外60例患者术后输入平衡液(对照组),两组患者其余基础治疗措施保持一致,对比两种两组患者术后不同时间点的血浆ALB、炎症因子及肺通气及换气功能。结果显示:术前,实验组和对照组的血浆ALB、血清IL-6、TNF-α、CRP、肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮、尿量水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(p0.05);术后24 h、术后48 h、术后72 h,实验组的血浆白蛋白显著的高于对照组(p0.05),血清IL-6、TNF-α、CRP、血管紧张素Ⅱ水平显著的低于对照组(p0.05);术后24 h、术后48 h,实验组患者的尿量显著的高于对照组(p0.05);术前,实验组和对照组的FVC、FEV1、MVV、PaO_2/FiO_2比较,差异均无统计学意义(p0.05);术后72 h,实验组的FVC、FEV1、MVV、PaO_2/FiO_2显著的高于对照组(p0.05)。结果表明:消化道肿瘤根治术后采用羟乙基淀粉治疗有利于维持患者血浆ALB、减轻炎症反应、维持液体平衡,减轻肺损伤。     

非体外循环与并行循环不停跳冠脉搭桥术炎性因子的比较

目的:通过对比非体外循环与并行循环下不停跳冠脉搭桥术炎性因子的变化,观察不同方法对机体全身炎性反应程度的影响.方法:选择2009年6月～2010年1月在我院行冠脉搭桥术患者30例,其中选取采用并行循环下不停跳冠脉搭桥术(OnP-BH CABG)和非体外循环冠脉搭桥术(OPCABG)患者各15例,即A组和B组.检测T1(术前)、T2(手术结束时)、T3(术后6小时)、T4(术后12小时)、T5(术后24小时)不同时间点血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)含量,并记录桥血管数量、精神状况、引流量及ICU入住时间.结果:两组血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、cTnI舍量T1时无统计学意义(P>0.05),T2、T3、T4、T5均呈升高趋势.A组较B组T2、T3、T4、T5各时间点TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8指标升高差异显著(P<0.01);cTnI升高幅度略缓,T4、T5差异无统计学意义.比较患者术后精神状况及ICU入住时间,B组均优于A组(P>0.05).术中搭桥血管支数无统计学差异、A组引流量较B组多,有统计学意义(p=0.02).结论:并行循环下不停跳冠脉搭桥术与非体外循环冠脉搭桥术相比,心肌损伤略重;体外循环可加重机体全身炎性反应程度.

Abstract：

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the differences of inflammatory cytokines level and inflammatory reaction in patients between on-pump beating heart CABG and off-pump CABG. Methods: Select the patients from June 2009 to Jan 2010 who underwent the CABG in our hospital with on-pump beating heart CABG and off-pump CABG and each group was 15 patients. That was named Group A and group B. Serial blood samples were collected at the following intervals respectively: before operation and Oh, 6h, 12h, 24h after the operation to evaluate the concentration of TNF-α , IL-6, IL-8 and cTn I. Recorded and compared the grafts, mental status、bleeding and the time of intensive care unit. Results: There was no significant difference between two groups in plasma TNF -α , IL - 6, IL - 8 and cTn I level at T1. The level of TNF -α , IL - 6 and IL - 8 was significantly increased at T2 - T5 compared with that before operation (T1) in both groups. However, the plasma concentrations of TNF -α , IL - 6, IL - 8 were significantly lower in group B than group A. The level of cTnI was significantly increased at T2-T3 compared with T1, and no significantly difference at T4, T5. The general condition of the patients in group B was better than group A. The bleeding was significantly fewer in groups B. Conclusions: Myocardial injury was slightly heavier in patients with on pump beating heart CABG than off pump CABG. Cardiopulmonary bypass can aggravate inflammatory reaction.     

胆囊切除术后患者IL-6、IL-10及TNF-α水平的变化及意义

目的:探讨胆囊摘除术后患者IL-6,IL-10以及TNF-α水平变化。方法:选取我院收治的行胆囊切除术患者120例,根据手术方式的不同随机分为实验组60例,为腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者,对照组60例,为常规开腹切除术患者。观察并比较术前、术后第1天、第2天、第3天患者的IL-6,IL-10、TNF-α水平以及术后患者的疲劳情况。结果:1手术后,两组患者较手术前IL-6均有所升高,且对照组较实验组升高明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者较手术前IL-10均有所降低,且对照组较实验组降低明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2手术后,两组与手术前相比较TNF-α水平明显升高,与实验组相比较,对照组升高明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。3手术后,两组的疲劳情况相比较,实验组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胆囊切除术后患者IL-6,IL-10,以及TNF-α均有所升高,说明应激反应正在发生,进而出现术后疲劳。     

del Nido心脏停搏液在主动脉夹层手术中的心肌保护效果

摘要 目的：探讨del Nido心脏停搏液在主动脉夹层手术中的心肌保护效果。方法：2015年2月到2020年6月选择在本院进行急诊手术的Stanford A型主动脉夹层的150例患者,入院后根据术中采用的心脏停搏液的不同分为两组 del Nido组与对照组各75例,所有患者都实施大血管外科手术,由同一组医师团队完成手术。Del Nido组给予del Nido心脏停博液灌注,对照组给予改良St. Thomas液灌注,记录心肌保护效果。结果：所有患者完成手术,两组的体外循环时间、停循环时间、阻断主动脉时间对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),del Nido组的灌注次数、总灌注时间、停博液晶体总量与对照组对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Del Nido组的机械通气时间、ICU停留时间、术后住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后1 d的血清 cTnⅠ高于术前(P<0.05),del Nido组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后7 d的院内死亡、心律失常、开胸止血、肾功能不全、肝功能不全等发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：del Nido心脏停搏液在主动脉夹层手术中的能更好地发挥心肌保护效果,且不增加术后并发症的发生,减少灌注次数、总灌注时间,有利于促进患者康复。     

Effects of long-term losartan and L-arginine treatment on haemodynamics, glomerular filtration, and SOD activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Recently, it has been reported that losartan, an angiotensin II receptor (ATR) antagonist, depresses the angiotensin II-induced production of superoxide radicals. Also, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) endothelial dysfunction is associated with decreased nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. In this study, we examined the effects of long-term ATR blockade and L-arginine supplementation on the haemodynamic parameters, glomerular filtration, and oxidative status in SHR. Adult male SHR were treated with losartan (10 mg/kg) and with the NO donor L-arginine (2 g/kg) for 4 weeks. The animals were divided into the following experimental groups: control (n = 7), L-arginine (n = 7), losartan (n = 7), and L-arginine + losartan (n = 7). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), regional blood flow, urea clearance, and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured at the end of treatment. MAP was significantly reduced in the losartan group compared with the control group (133.3 +/- 7.3 vs. 161.5 +/- 14.5 mm Hg). Aortic blood flow was significantly higher and aortic vascular resistance was significantly lower in all treated groups than in the control. Urea clearance rose significantly in the L-arginine + losartan group compared with control (393.27 +/- 37.58 vs. 218.68 +/- 42.03 microL x min(-1) x 100 g(-1)) as did the activity of SOD (1668.97 +/- 244.57 vs. 1083.18 +/- 169.96 U/g Hb). Our results suggest that the antihypertensive effect of losartan and L-arginine in SHR is not primarily mediated by increased SOD activity. Also, combined treatment with ATR blockade and L-arginine supplementation has a beneficial effect on renal function that is, at least in part, mediated by increased SOD activity in SHR.     

Impact of L-arginine on hydrogen sulfide/cystathionine-gamma-lyase pathway in rats with high blood flow-induced pulmonary hypertension

The present study was designed to explore the possible effect of L-arginine on endogenous hydrogen sulfide/cystathionine-gamma-lyase (H(2)S/CSE) pathway in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular structural remodeling induced by high pulmonary blood flow. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (n=11), shunt group (n=11) and shunt with L-arginine group (n=10). Rats in the shunt and shunt with L-arginine group underwent an abdominal aorta-inferior cava vein shunt operation. After 11 weeks of shunting, the plasma level of H2S and lung tissue H2S production rate in the shunt with L-arginine group were much higher than those in the shunt group (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the expression of CSE mRNA in the lung tissues of rats in the shunt with L-arginine group was increased significantly (P<0.01), and in situ hybridization showed that CSE mRNA expression was obviously up-regulated in the smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the pulmonary arteries of shunted rats treated with L-arginine when compared with shunted rats without the treatment of L-arginine (P<0.01). In conclusion, H2S/CSE pathway was up-regulated by L-arginine in pulmonary hypertension induced by high blood flow with the attenuation of pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular structural remodeling.     

美沙拉嗪联合双歧三联活菌对溃疡性结肠炎患者TNF-alpha、IL-8及IL-10 水平的影响

目的：探讨美沙拉嗪联合双歧三联活菌治疗溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的临床疗效及对患者TNF-琢、IL-8 及IL-10 水平的影响。方 法：选择2013 年1 月~2014 年1 月我院收治的UC 患者60 例,随机分为研究组与对照组,每组30 例。对照组患者应用美沙拉嗪 治疗,研究组在此基础上联合双歧三联活菌治疗。观察两组临床疗效、血清TNF-alpha、IL-8及IL-10 水平变化及药物不良反应。结果： 研究组治疗的总有效率为86.67%,显著高于对照组的63.33%（P <0.05）;治疗后,两组TNF-alpha、IL-8 水平显著降低,IL-10 水平显著 升高（均P<0.01）,研究组TNF-alpha、IL-8 显著低于对照组,IL-10 水平显著高于对照组（均P<0.05）;研究组不良反应发生率为 6.67%,明显低于对照组的33.33%（P<0.05）。结论：美沙拉嗪联合双歧三联活菌对UC 患者黏膜的保护作用显著,且有效抑制UC 相关的炎性反应,安全可靠,适于临床推广与应用。     

L-精氨酸对大鼠肾性高血压心肌的保护作用

目的探讨L-精氨酸对大鼠肾性高血压心肌保护的作用机制。方法按体重将大鼠随机分为3组：正常对照组（5只）、高血压对照组（20只）及L-精氨酸治疗组（20只）,制作肾性高血压动物模型,L-精氨酸治疗组通过胃管灌饲给予L-精氨酸,连续给药8周后,切取各组心室肌组织,进行免疫组织化学染色,观察各组心肌组织bcl-2、bax基因的表达。利用HPIAS-2000图像分析系统测定bcl-2、bax基因在各组中表达的平均光密度和平均阳性面积率。结果bcl-2在L-Arg组的表达显著高于高血压对照组;bax在L-Arg组的表达明显低于高血压对照组。图像分析结果显示bcl-2和bax基因在两组间差异有显著性意义（P〈0.01）。结论L-精氨酸对大鼠肾性高血压导致的心肌细胞损伤具有重要的保护作用     

Attenuation of mitochondrial injury by L-arginine preconditioning of the liver

The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of L-arginine on mitochondrial function in ischemic and reperfusion (I/R) induced hepatic injury. Adult Wistar rat were subjected to 1 h of partial liver ischemia followed by 3 hour reperfusion. Eighteen wistar rats were divided into three groups viz. sham-operated control group (I) (n = 6), ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) group (II) (n = 6), L-arginine treated group (100 mg/kg body weight/daily by oral route for 7 days before induced ischemia reperfusion maneuver) (III) (n = 6). Mitochondrial injury was assessed in terms of decreased (P < 0.05) activities of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes (GSH, SOD, CAT), respiratory marker enzymes (NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidases) and hepatocytes nitric oxide production. Pre-treatment with L-arginine (10 mg/kg/p.o. for 7 days) significantly counteracted the alternations of hepatic enzymes and mitochondrial respiratory and antioxidant enzymes. In addition, electron microscopy and histopathology study showed the restoration of cellular normalcy and accredits the cytoprotective role of L-arginine against I/R induced hepatocellular injury. On the basis of these findings it may be concluded that L-arginine protects mitochondrial function in hepatic ischemic and reperfused liver.     

右美托咪定联合丙泊酚在缓解ICU病人谵妄及提高其依从性效果探究

目的:探讨右美托咪定联合丙泊酚在缓解ICU病人谵妄及提高其依从性效果。方法:选取2017年1月-2020年1月我院所收治的79例ICU病人,按治疗方法分为研究组(n=40)和对照组(n=39),研究组采取右美托咪定联合丙泊酚治疗,对照组采取丙泊酚治疗,对比两种治疗方法对缓解ICU病人谵妄及提高其依从性的影响。结果:研究组患者的见效时间短,丙泊酚用量少,苏醒时间短,阻滞完善时间短,拔管时间短,相比于对照组,镇静效果明显优于对照组(P0.05);研究组患者谵妄发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05);研究组患者的依从性明显高于对照组(P0.05);研究组患者各项生活质量评分指标均明显优于对照组,生活质量总评分明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:右美托咪定联合丙泊酚具有良好的镇静作用,可有效缓解ICU病人谵妄,并有助于提高患者的依从性,提升患者的生活质量,可作为一种理想的治疗药物推广应用。     

Effects of L-NAME and L-arginine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat skeletal muscle

The involvement of nitric oxide in ischemia-reperfusion injury remains controversial and has been reported to be both beneficial and deleterious, depending on the tissue and model used. This study evaluated the effects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) and the substrate for nitric oxide synthase, L-arginine on skeletal muscle necrosis in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. The rectus femoris muscle in male Wistar rats (250 to 500 g) was isolated on its vascular pedicle and subjected to 4 hours of complete arteriovenous occlusion. The animals were divided into five groups: (1) sham-raised control, no ischemia, no treatment (n = 6); (2) 4 hours of ischemia (n = 6); (3) vehicle control, 4 hours of ischemia + saline (n = 6); (4) 4 hours of ischemia + L-arginine infusion (n = 6); and (5) 4 hours of ischemia + L-NAME infusion (n = 6). The infusions (10 mg/kg) were administered into the contralateral femoral vein beginning 5 minutes before reperfusion and during the following 30 to 45 minutes. Upon reperfusion, the muscle was sutured in its anatomic position and all wounds were closed. The percentage of muscle necrosis was assessed after 24 hours of reperfusion by serial transections, nitroblue tetrazolium staining, digital photography, and computerized planimetry. Sham (group 1) animals sustained baseline necrosis of 11.9 +/- 3.0 (percentage necrosis +/- SEM). Four hours of ischemia (group 2) significantly increased necrosis to 79.2 +/- 1.4 (p < 0.01). Vehicle control (group 3) had no significant difference in necrosis (81.17 +/- 5.0) versus untreated animals subjected to 4 hours of ischemia (group 2). Animals treated with L-arginine (group 4) had significantly reduced necrosis to 34.6 +/- 7.5 versus untreated (group 2) animals (p < 0.01). Animals infused with L-NAME (group 5) had no significant difference in necrosis (68.2 +/- 6.7) versus untreated (group 2) animals. L-Arginine (nitric oxide donor) significantly decreased the severity of muscle necrosis in this rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. L-arginine is known to increase the amount of nitric oxide through the action of nitric oxide synthase, whereas L-NAME, known to inhibit nitric oxide synthase and decrease nitric oxide production, had comparable results to the untreated 4-hour ischemia group. These results suggest that L-arginine, presumably through nitric oxide mediation, appears beneficial to rat skeletal muscle subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury.     

经尿道2微米激光切除术与电切术治疗浅表性膀胱癌的疗效观察

目的:比较经尿道2微米激光切除术与电切术治疗浅表性膀胱癌的临床疗效。方法:按照随机数字表法将2014年1月-2015年1月我院收治的浅表性膀胱癌患者分为两组,观察组(61例)行经尿道2微米激光切除手术,对照组(46例)行电切术,比较两组的手术效果、治疗前后的炎症因子水平及并发症。结果:观察组手术时间、导尿管留置时间、住院时间及术中出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后两组患者IL-6、IL-10以及TNF-α水平均较治疗前升高,但是观察组治疗后的IL-6及TNF-α水平低于对照组,IL-10水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后均发生不同程度的并发症,其中观察组膀胱穿孔、闭孔神经反射的发生率为3.28%、1.64%,分别低于对照组的17.39%、13.04%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:浅表性膀胱癌采用经尿道2微米激光切除术治疗具有明显的临床手术效果,减少术后并发症,同时对患者炎症因子的影响较小,临床有重要的参考价值。     

个性化干预方案对乳腺癌手术患者负性情绪和睡眠质量的影响

目的:研究个性化干预方案对乳腺癌手术患者负性情绪和睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2012年1月-2015年1月在我院进行乳腺癌手术的患者311例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组(n=152)和对照组(n=159)。对照组给予常规干预,研究组在对照组基础上给予个性化干预。干预前后应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评价患者的焦虑情况,应用抑郁自评量表评分(SDS)评价患者的抑郁情况,应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评价患者的睡眠质量,并比较两组患者对护理服务的满意度。结果:研究组满意度97.4%显著高于对照组的88.7%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);干预后研究组SAS评分、SDS评分和PSQI评分均显著降低,且显著低于对照组,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:个性化干预方案能显著改善乳腺癌手术患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高患者的睡眠质量。