离子交换柱层析法纯化重组人IL—4

用离子交换层析法一步纯化重组人白细胞介素４,该方法简易易行,对样品不产生稀释作用;所得产品具有高纯度（≥９５％）,高生物学活性（≥ＭＵ／ｍｇ）和低毒性（内毒素含量≤０．５ＺＵ／Ｌ）的特点,可满足实验室工作的需要,当与凝胶过滤法结合使用时,所得产品纯度可达９８％,生物学活性进一步提高。     

人促卵泡激素体外生物学活性测定方法的建立

目的:建立人促卵泡激素(FSH)体外生物学活性检测方法,并对方法进行验证。方法:以人卵巢颗粒细胞KGN为基质细胞,用不同浓度的FSH与KGN细胞表面的FSH受体结合,刺激细胞产生不同浓度的孕酮,通过测定细胞培养上清中的孕酮含量来评价FSH的生物学活性,结果用国际标准品进行校正;对方法的专属性、线性与范围、回收率、精密度、耐用性进行验证;对市售FSH产品进行检测,并与传统动物体内活性检测结果进行比较。结果:KGN细胞对FSH有很好的剂量反应关系,方法专属性符合要求;线性范围为0.1~200 ng/m L,相关系数R2≥0.99;回收率为80%~120%;经3次重复测定,3批市售样品和3批自制样品的活性分别为(13.4±0.4)~(13.5±0.8)和(12.9±0.7)~(14.3±1.2)IU/μg,变异系数在15%之内;结果显示该方法有很好的耐用性。测定3批市售重组人FSH产品和1批尿源FSH国家标准品,其体外活性测定结果与传统动物体内活性测定结果一致。结论:建立并验证了一种利用KGN细胞体外测定FSH生物学活性的方法,有望代替传统的动物体内活性测定方法,可用于FSH的生物学活性评价和质量控制。     

亲和层析法纯化人绒毛膜促性腺激素

本文介绍了一种应用抗hCG β亚单位单克隆抗体亲和层析提纯hCG的方法。结果表明,该法具有简便、快速、经济、产品活性高等优点。hCG回收率为96％,免疫学活性17000IU/mg蛋白,生物学活性(小鼠子宫称重法)达到10 000U/mg蛋白以上。     

抗CD52单克隆抗体ADCC转基因测活方法的建立

目的 建立转基因细胞法测定抗CD52单克隆抗体(单抗)的抗体依赖细胞介导的细胞毒性作用(antibody-dependentcell-mediatedcytotoxicity,ADCC)生物学活性检测方法。方法 ①以Ramos细胞系作为靶细胞,以Jurkat-hFcγRⅢa/FcεRIγ-NFAT转基因细胞系作为效应细胞,通过荧光素酶检测系统(Bright-GloTM luciferase Assay System)建立抗CD52单抗的ADCC生物学活性检测方法;②对靶细胞、量效范围、效靶比及诱导时间进行优化并进行方法学验证;③研究建立的方法应用于对不同抗CD52单抗的ADCC生物学活性检测。结果 建立抗CD52单抗的ADCC生物学活性检测方法,抗CD52单抗在该方法中存在量效关系,符合四参数方程:y=(A-D)/[1+(x/C)B]+D;经优化后确定抗体量效范围为起始质量浓度360μg/mL,4倍系列稀释9个稀释度;效靶比为3∶1,诱导时间为6.0h;该方法具有良好的专属性;4个不同稀释组回收率样品经3次测定,相对效价分别为(45.58±4.67)%、(71.61±9.45)%、(122.92±7.92)%和(149.94±14.58)%;对应的回收率分别为(91.16±9.34)%、(95.49±12.60)%、(98.34±6.34)%和(99.96±9.72)%,上述结果的变异系数(coefficientofvariation,CV)均小于15%;且该方法也适用于不同抗CD52单抗的ADCC效应评价。结论 利用转基因细胞法成功建立了抗CD52单抗ADCC生物学活性检测方法,该方法专属性强、准确性高、重复性好,可用于评价抗CD52单抗的ADCC生物学活性。     

大肠杆菌发酵生产重组人颗粒溶素

目的:在FUS-50L生物反应器中利用补料分批培养技术培养表达含重组质粒pET28a( )-GNLY的大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)pLysS株,生产重组颗粒溶素(GNLY)。方法:选取含pET28a( )-GNLY的BL21(DE3)pLysS菌株单个克隆分级培养,将制备的二级种子液接种于发酵罐中。在发酵过程中,控制溶氧为30%～50%,温度为37℃;在基础培养基内生长4h后,补加以甘油为碳源的补料,继续生长到11h;加入葡萄糖至终浓度为1%,30℃诱导表达6h;收集菌体,纯化制备目的蛋白。利用Western印迹检测重组蛋白的抗原性,用CFU方法检测其生物学活性。结果:发酵液中最终菌体密度达80g/L;纯化所得重组蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的5%,含量为60mg/L;经鉴定所获重组颗粒溶素有较好的免疫学活性和生物学活性。结论:用含重组质粒pET28a( )-GNLY的大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)pLysS表达系统,可得到具有生物活性的重组颗粒溶素,为大批量生产提供了条件。     

发酵辅助提取对三七总皂苷提取物生物活性的影响

以DPPH自由基清除法、FRAP及Fe3+还原力法测定抗氧化能力,抑菌圈及最低抑菌浓度评价抑菌活性,对比发酵法与常规提取法所得三七总皂苷提取物活性差异,探讨微生物发酵提取三七总皂苷及其组分含量变化对生物活性的影响。结果显示,相比常规提取,发酵提取所得三七总皂苷含量提高35.36%,稀有皂苷组分Rh1、F1、Rg3含量增多,活性测试显示其DPPH清除的IC50由1.226降至0.377 mg/mL,对Fe3+还原力提高,对金黄色葡萄球菌、青霉菌等的抑制活性增强。结果说明发酵辅助提取能提高三七总皂苷的有效溶出,实现成分间转化,同时还能提高提取物生物学活性,具有重要的实际应用价值。     

网织红百分数法测定rHuEPO体内生物学活性的研究

本文通过对网织红百分数法测定rHuEPO体内生物学活性进行研究,找出网织红细胞百分数与rHuEPO浓度线性相关的范围。从而确定了用计数网织红细胞百分数的方法测定rHuEPO体内生物学活性。提出在rHuEPO体内生物学活性测定中选择合适的稀释液至关重要。对(3,3)法测定rHuEPO体内生物学活性进行了统计,批间CV、批内CV均接近10%,单次实验FL%平均数为3126%,并提出鼠间差异是造成FL%较大的主要原因;对(3,3)法与(2,2)法测定rHuEPO体内生物学活性进行比较,发现(2,2)法较(3,3)法更适合用于rHuEPO生产过程中rHuEPO体内生物学活性的测定。     

静注人免疫球蛋白中白喉抗体效价对其Fc段生物学活性检测结果影响的分析

目的分析静注人免疫球蛋白(IVIG)中白喉抗体效价对其Fc段生物学活性检测的影响。方法检测20批IVIG的白喉抗体效价水平和Fc段生物学活性结果,进一步探讨白喉抗体效价与Fc段生物学活性的关系。结果20批IVIG中白喉抗体效价水平均符合中国药典的要求,在3~60 HAU/g之间,其中有两批IVIG的白喉抗体效价水平相对较高,其他18批IVIG的白喉抗体效价水平变化趋势不明显。20批IVIG的Fc段生物学活性均较高,在60%~140%之间。白喉抗体效价水平高者,其Fc段生物学活性并非高,反之亦然。结论 IVIG的Fc段生物学活性与其白喉抗体效价水平无明显的相关性。     

两种方法检测促胰岛素分泌肽融合蛋白生物学活性的对比分析

目的 对比分析2种检测促胰岛素分泌肽融合蛋白(exendin-4-Fc fusion protein, Ex4-Fc)生物学活性的方法。方法 分别用细胞ELISA和报告基因法检测Ex4-Fc的生物学活性,同时对2种方法的专属性、检测范围、重复性、准确性和一致性进行考察。结果 2种检测方法均具有良好的专属性,检测范围基本一致(3.05 ng/mL～50.00μg/mL),重复性验证中RSD均<15%,回收率均在80%～120%之间,且2种方法检测结果差异无统计学意义(P=0.565)。结论 本研究评价的细胞ELISA和报告基因法对Ex4-Fc生物学活性的检测结果均具有良好的重复性和准确性,且两种方法具有良好的一致性,可根据具体的实验条件和要求选择不同的检测方法。     

毕赤酵母表达重组人白细胞介素11的纯化与鉴定

报道了毕赤酵母表达人白细胞介素11的下游工艺研究,并对其产物进行了分析鉴定。所用工艺流程为离心收集上清、超滤浓缩脱盐、离子交换层析、疏水层析、凝胶过滤。所得产物经SDSPAGE电泳、RPHPLC分析、N端和C端序列分析、质谱、等电点分析和生物学活性分析,结果表明：产品纯度大于97%,结构和性质与E.coli融合表达的Neumega完全一致。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.