蝴蝶兰的组织培养和快速繁殖

通过诱导残败花梗上的休眠芽萌发,以萌发的幼叶和去茎尖的茎段为外植体进行组织培养,建立了蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis amabilis Bl.)的无菌繁殖体系,并筛选出最佳培养基组成.诱导休眠芽萌发的最佳培养基为不加任何激素的MS0培养基;原球茎诱导的适宜培养基为MS 3.0 mg·L-1 6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1 ZT 30 mg·L-1柠檬酸和MS 5.0 mg·L-1 6-BA 30 mg·L-1柠檬酸 30%椰乳(CM),其中茎段的诱导效果明显优于叶片,诱导率达95%;诱导无菌苗生根的最适培养基为1/4 MS 1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA,生根率可达79%.     

小叶栒子的组织培养

1植物名称小叶枸子(Cotoneaster microphyllus). 2材料类别茎尖及带腋芽的茎段. 3培养条件芽诱导培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) IBA 0.1;增殖培养基:(2)MS 6-BA0.8 IBA 0.3,(3)MS 6-BA 0.3 IBA 0.3,(4)MS 6-BA 0.1 IBA 0.5,(5)MS 6-BA 0.3 IBA 0.5,(6)MS 6-BA 0.5 IBA 0.5,(7)MS 6-BA 0.1 IBA0.5 TDZ 0.005;生根培养基:(8)1/2MS IBA 0.1,(9)1/2MS IBA 0.2,(10)1/2MS IBA 0.3,(11)1/2MS IBA 0.4,(12)1/2MS IBA 0.5,(13)1/2MS IBA 0.6.培养基均加入0.5%琼脂,诱导、增殖培养基加3%蔗糖,生根培养基加2%蔗糖,pH 6.0.光照度1500～2000 lx,光照时间10 h·d-1.培养温度15～25℃.空气湿度40%～70%.     

山杜英的离体快速繁殖

1植物名称山杜英(Elaeocarpus sylvestris). 2材料类别带腋芽茎段. 3培养条件(1)诱导分化培养基:MS 6-BA1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.01;(2)增殖培养基:MS 6-BA 1.0 IBA 0.5;(3)生根培养基:1/2MS IBA 0.5.     

桃砧木GF677离体快繁技术体系研究

以桃砧木GF677新梢茎尖和带腋芽的茎段为外植体,用MS、WPM、G、RO、改良的DKW和QL等6种培养基分别添加不同激素,进行离体快繁技术研究。结果表明:初代培养试验材料为水培的嫩梢茎尖,其污染率低于20%。最适初代诱导培养基、继代增殖培养基和生根培养基均为改良的QL培养基:QL(大量元素) MS(微量元素) DKW铁盐 RO有机成份。在改良的QL培养基上,添加1.0 mg.L-16-BA 0.01 mg.L-1NAA 0.1mg.L-1GA3,诱导簇生芽3~8个;添加0.8 mg.L-16-BA 0.01 mg.L-1NAA,继代培养的不定梢增殖率4~7倍。1/2大量元素的MS液体培养基附加1.2 mg.L-16-BA在10 d内能显著地拉长不定梢。同样,在改良的QL培养基上添加1.0 mg.L-1IBA 0.05 mg.L-1NAA 80 mg.L-1PG 50 mg.L-1活性炭,10 d生根率可达96.7%,平均根长0.4 cm;生根幼苗移栽到温室后的第一周,严格控制温度在(26±2)℃和相对湿度95%,2~3周后幼苗长出新根和新叶,成活率可达85%。     

秃杉的组织培养及植株再生

1植物名称秃杉(屠杉)(Taiwania flosiana). 2材料类别室内栽培的二年生秃杉实生苗顶芽、茎段. 3培养条件芽诱导培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 15 mg·L-1(单位下同) IBA 0.5;(2)MS 6-BA 2.0 IBA 0.5.继代增殖培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 1.5 IBA 0.5;(2)MS 6-BA 2.0 IBA 0.5;(3)1/2MS KT 0.5 6-BA1.5 IBA 0.5;(4)1/2MS KT 0.5 6-BA 1.0 IBA0.5;(5)1/2MS KT 2 IBA 0.5;(6)1/2MS 6-BA0.3 ZT 0.5 KT 0.5 IBA 0.5 0.5%活性炭.生根培养基:以1/2MS为基本培养基,附加0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 ABT生根粉,2%和3%蔗糖.生根培养基加0.8%琼脂、0.5%活性炭,其它培养基加0.85%琼脂、3%蔗糖,pH 5.6～5.8.培养温度20～25℃,光照12 h·d-1,光照度1 500～2000 lx.     

花叶日本醉鱼草的微型快繁

1植物名称花叶日本醉鱼草(Buddleja japonica‘Variegata'). 2材料类别茎尖和带腋芽的茎段. 3培养条件启动培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 0.05mg·L-1(单位下同) IBA 0.05 NAA 0.05.增殖培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 0.1 NAA 0.1;(3)MS 6-BA 0.2 NAA 0.1;(4)MS 6-BA 0.5 NAA 0.1.生根培养基:(5)MS IAA 0.1 IBA 0.05.以上培养基均加入3%蔗糖、0.65%琼脂,pH 5.8.培养温度为(23±1)℃,光照时间12 h·-1,光照度1 000～1 500 lx.     

美洲南蛇藤的组织培养与快速繁殖

1 植物名称美洲南蛇藤(Celastrus scandens L.). 2 材料类别幼嫩的顶芽或带腋芽的茎段. 3 培养条件(1)芽诱导培养基:1/3MS+6-BA 1.0mg·L-1(单位下同)+IBA 0.02+3%蔗糖;(2)增殖培养基:MS+6-BA 1.0+IBA 0.2+3%蔗糖;(3)壮苗培养基:MS+6-BA 0.1+IBA 0.02+3%蔗糖;(4)生根培养基:1/2MS+NAA 0.5+1.5%蔗糖.     

黄花蒿组培快繁与种质离体保存的研究

以带侧芽的黄花蒿(Artemisia annua L.)茎段为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,进行组织培养和种质保存研究.结果表明,培养基MS 6-BA 1.0 mg L-1 IBA 0.1 mg L-1、MS 6-BA 0.5 mg L-1 IBA 0.1 mg L-1和MS NAA0.1 nag L-1 IBA 0.5 rng L-1可分别用于黄花蒿的芽诱导、增殖和生根培养,培养20 d的增殖倍数为5.5倍,生根率98.3%.培养基MS CCC 1.0 mg L-1、MS CCC 2.0 nag L-1、MS PP3334.0 mg L-1可用作离体保存,连续保存200 d的存活率分别达72.3%、77.0%、69.2%.活力检测表明,黄花蒿种质经保存后的增殖、生根能力没有下降.因此,可通过诱导腋芽增殖建立黄花蒿快繁体系,及在培养基中添加CCC或PP333拼能使材料长期保存.     

心心相印的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称心心相印(Ceropegia woodii Schlecht.)。2材料类别茎段。3培养条件(1)芽诱导培养基:MS IBA0.1mg·L-1(单位下同) 6-BA1.0 蔗糖30g·L-1;(2)继代增殖培养基:MS IBA0.1 6-BA0.5 蔗糖3     

蓝蓟的组织培养与快速繁殖

1 植物名称蓝蓟(Echium VUlgare L.). 2 材料类别茎段和茎尖. 3 培养条件基本培养基为MS.(1)诱导芽萌发培养基:MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1(单位下同)+NAA 0.1.(2)增殖培养基:MS+6-BA 1.0+NAA 0.1;(3)生根培养基:MS+IBA 0.5+NAA 0.05.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.