鹅源新城疫病毒拯救体系的建立

参照GenBank上公布的鹅源新城疫病毒ZJI株全序列,设计8对引物,经RT-PCR法从尿囊液中扩增目的片段后,分别克隆进pCR2.1载体,将Ⅰ～Ⅶ7对引物的扩增片段依次亚克隆到TVT7R转录载体中,构建了含NDV全基因组cDNA的转录载体(pNDVZJI),将Ⅴ、Ⅵ和Ⅷ3对引物的扩增片段分别克隆进pCR2.1载体,并亚克隆到表达质粒pCI-neo上,构建了L基因的真核表达载体(pCI-L),pNDVZJI、pCI-L与另外两个辅助表达质粒(pCI-NP和pCI-P)共转染BSR-T7/5细胞,成功拯救出了具有血凝性的鹅源新城疫病毒,ZJI株鹅源新城疫病毒的成功拯救为后续相关研究工作的开展打下了基础。     

用反向遗传技术致弱基因VIId型鹅源新城疫病毒ZJI株

将新城疫病毒ZJI株基因组cDNA全长分成7个片段,依次连接并克隆至TVT7R转录载体中,构建了含ZJI株全基因组cDNA的转录载体(pNDV/ZJI),pNDV/ZJI与3个辅助表达质粒pCI-NP、pCI-P和pCI-L共转染BSR-T7/5细胞,成功拯救出了具有感染性的新城疫病毒粒子。设计两对引物,经overlapPCR方法将该毒株F蛋白裂解位点的112、115和117位碱性氨基酸突变成弱毒株特征的非碱性氨基酸后,替换pNDV/ZJI上的对应序列,构建了转录载体pNDV/ZJIFM,将pNDV/ZJIFM与3个辅助表达质粒共转染BSR-T7/5细胞,成功拯救出了致弱的基因VIId型鹅源新城疫病毒NDV/ZJIFM,获救病毒的鸡胚最小致死剂量平均死亡时间(MDT)大于120h,同时该病毒的脑内接种致病指数(ICPI)为0.16,上述结果表明,获救病毒的毒力已被致弱,是一个较为理想的疫苗候选株。     

筛选dbat启动子顺式元件结合蛋白的酵母单杂交文库的构建

旨在构建酵母单杂交文库用于筛选与dbat基因启动子顺式元件结合的转录因子.首先,分离dbat启动子上的顺式作用元件,并进行3个拷贝的重复后,和报告质粒pHis 2.1连接构建诱饵载体pHis 2.1-dp3.然后,从茉莉酸甲酯诱导的红豆杉细胞中提取总RNA,以纯化出的mRNA为模板,依次完成ss cDNA和ds cDNA的合成,并将纯化的ds cDNA、线性化载体pGADT7-Rec2和诱饵载体pHis 2.1-dp3共转化酵母细胞Y187,各取100 μl分别涂布于SD/-leu和SD/-leu/-trp平板,用于计算重组效率和转化效率,剩余转化液涂布于SD/-leu/-trp/-his/20 mM 3-AT平板,用于筛选阳性克隆.结果表明,重组效率为1.49×106 CFU/μg,共转化效率为1.93×105 CFU/μg;对阳性克隆质粒进行酶切、测序分析,得到6个可编码结合蛋白的基因.以上工作为筛选调控紫杉醇合成关键酶基因dbat表达的转录因子奠定了基础.     

鸽源新城疫病毒JS/07/04/Pi株感染性分子克隆的构建及病毒拯救

参照GenBank上公布的鸽源Ⅵb亚型新城疫病毒JS/07/04/Pi株基因组全序列设计9对引物,RT-PCR扩增目的片段后,依次亚克隆至TVT7/R转录载体,成功构建出含JS/07/04/Pi株基因组全长cDNA的转录载体TVT/071204。然后将其与三个辅助表达质粒pCI-NP、pCI-P和pCI-L共转染BSR-T7/5细胞,60h后将转染细胞及其上清接种鸡胚,收集死亡鸡胚尿囊液进行HA与HI试验。结果显示死亡鸡胚尿囊液HA呈阳性,并能被ND阳性血清所抑制,表明该病毒已成功拯救,且拯救病毒rNDV/071204在细胞上的生长增殖能力同母本病毒相似。该病毒的成功拯救为鸽源Ⅵb亚型NDV感染的宿主特异性及鸽用ND新型疫苗的研究提供了理想的生物材料。     

HBXIP基因对乙肝病毒X蛋白诱导细胞凋亡的影响

探讨乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白结合蛋白(hepatitisBXinteractingprotein ,HBXIP)基因在乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白(HBX)诱导肝癌细胞凋亡时对细胞周期的影响.构建HBXIP基因真核表达载体pcDNA3 hbxip ,进行瞬时基因转染,将克隆有HBx基因的pCMV X (分别为1μg、2 μg和3μg)和pcDNA3 hbxip质粒分别和共转染至人H74 0 2肝癌细胞中(总体积分别为5 0 μl) .发现瞬时转染3μgpCMV X质粒后,肝癌细胞凋亡发生率为34 4 % ,肝癌细胞的细胞周期相关蛋白p2 7表达水平发生明显上调;与对照组相比,瞬时转染1μg、2 μg和3μg时,细胞周期蛋白D和细胞周期蛋白E的表达水平均发生明显上调,但随着HBX水平的增加细胞周期蛋白D和细胞周期蛋白E的表达水平发生明显下降;在稳定转染pCMV X质粒的H74 0 2 X肝癌细胞中无明显的细胞凋亡发生,研究发现p2 7的表达水平发生了明显下调,而细胞周期蛋白D和细胞周期蛋白E的表达水平发生了明显上调;当pcDNA3 hbxip质粒与pCMV X质粒进行共瞬时转染时,细胞凋亡发生率由pcDNA3质粒与pCMV X质粒共转染时的2 9 2 %下降为13 3% ,p2 7的表达水平发生了下调,但细胞周期蛋白D和细胞周期蛋白E的表达水平无明显变化.研究结果表明,瞬时转染一定剂量的x基因可导致肝癌细胞发生凋亡,细胞周期相关蛋白p2 7、细胞周期蛋白D和     

中国人促红细胞生成素cDNA的克隆及其在COS—7细胞中的表达

利用PCR技术,以中国人促红细胞生成素(EPO)次全基因组为模板,进行了基因修补和重组,克隆出EPO cDNA全序列。同时发现中国人EPO cDNA与国外的克隆比较有一个核苷酸的差异,导致第62位氨基酸是丝氨酸,不是亮氨酸。将人EPO cDNA基因插入表达载体pSV2-dhfr中的不同克隆位点,构建了6种不同的转移载体质粒,即pSV2-dhfr/F1,pSV2/N2,pSV2-dhfr/F3,pSV2-dhfr/P4,pSV2-dhfr/G1和pSV2-dhfr/G3。将它们分别转染导入COS-7细胞,结果表明6种转移载体质粒转染的细胞上清液都有明显的EPO活性。人EPO cDNA基因转移载体质粒在COS-7细胞中的表达水平高于人次全EPO基因组转移载体质粒。     

含RGD受体结合位点口蹄疫病毒Asia1/JS/China/2005株的拯救及初步鉴定

摘要：【目的】构建含有RGD受体结合位点口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）Asia1/JS/China/2005株的全长感染性cDNA克隆。【方法】采用定点突变方法,构建Asia1型FMDV含有预期突变的全长cDNA克隆pFMDV-RGD。pFMDV-RGD重组质粒经NotI线化后,与表达T7 RNA聚合酶的真核质粒pcDNAT7P共转染BHK-21细胞,进行FMDV-RGD病毒拯救。【结果】序列测定结果表明成功构建了FMDV含有RGD受体位点的Asia1/JS/China/2005全长cDNA克隆。共转染实验获得拯救病毒,对拯救的病毒分别进行序列测定、间接免疫荧光、电子显微镜观察和乳鼠致病性分析,表明成功拯救了含有RGD受体结合位点的Asia1/JS/China/2005株FMDV。【结论】该实验为进一步研究含有RGD和RDD受体结合位点2个拯救病毒生物学特性的差异奠定了基础。     

重组新城疫病毒Anhinga株与TRAIL蛋白协同杀伤肿瘤细胞

将新城疫病毒（Newscastle disease virus, NDV）Anhinga株的全 长基因组cDNA克隆质粒、pTM1-L、pTM1-P、pTM1-NP表达质粒共转染稳定表 达T7 RNA聚合酶的BSRT7/5细胞,得到拯救NDV病毒．通过PCR、酶切法、测 序证明拯救病毒中存在引入的分子标签.通过血凝实验、蚀斑测定证明成功 拯救病毒.并研究了该重组病毒对4种不同人肿瘤细胞的体外杀伤效果．首 次证明重组Anhinga株对SMMC-7721细胞、A549细胞、HepG2细胞和SH-SY5Y 细胞均有杀伤作用．该重组病毒主要诱导SMMC-7721细胞和A549细胞凋亡, 诱导HepG2细胞和SH-SY5Y细胞坏死．TNF家族成员TRAIL蛋白可以显著增强 NDV杀伤肿瘤细胞的效果.本实验为进一步研究重组NDV用于肿瘤治疗奠定基 础．     

Rescue and Preliminary Application of a Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein Gene

Based on the complete genome sequence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) ZJI strain, seven pairs of primers were designed to amplify a cDNA fragment for constructing the plasmid pNDV/ZJI, which contained the full-length cDNA of the NDV ZJI strain. The pNDV/ZJI, with three helper plasmids, pCIneoNP, pCIneoP and pCIneoL, were then cotransfected into BSR-T7/5 cells expressing T7 RNA polymerase. After inoculation of the transfected cell culture supernatant into embryonated chicken eggs from specific-pathogen-free (SPF) flock, an infectious NDV ZJI strain was successfully rescued. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was amplified and inserted into the NDV full-length cDNA to generate a GFP-tagged recombinant plasmid pNDV/ZJIGFP. After cotransfection of the resultant plasmid and the three support plasmids into BSR-T7/5 cells, the recombinant NDV, NDV/ZJIGFP, was rescued. Specific green fluorescence was observed in BSR-T7/5 and chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells 48h post-infection, indicating that the GFP gene was expressed at a relatively high level. NDV/ZJIGFP was inoculated into 10-day-old SPF chickens by oculonasal route. Four days post-infection, strong green fluorescence could be detected in the kidneys and tracheae, indicating that the recombinant GFP-tagged NDV could be a very useful tool for analysis of NDV dissemination and pathogenesis.     

喷昔洛韦体外抗疱疹病毒活性的研究

为评价新合成的喷昔洛韦的细胞毒性和抗疱疹病毒活性 ,通过观察病毒感染细胞的CPE、病毒滴度、抗病毒指数 ,从而判定喷昔洛韦的抗疱疹病毒作用。结果发现喷昔洛韦对HEL细胞、Hep 2细胞的半数中毒浓度 (TD50 )分别为 10 5 .2 μg/mL和 85 .1μg/mL ;对HSV 1、HSV 2、VZV、HSV 1吴株的平均半数抑制浓度 (IC50 )分别为2 1.78μg/mL、2 0 .15 μg/mL、2 3.19μg/mL和 17.87μg/mL ,对各毒株的治疗指数分别为 5 .84、6 .31、5 .49和 7.11。故喷昔洛韦是一种有效体外抗疱疹病毒药物     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.