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1.
Nine polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for the North American pika (Ochotona princeps) from di‐ and tetranucleotide repeat‐enriched genomic libraries. Polymorphism was assessed for 165 individuals from eight geographical locations in the western United States. All loci were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 14, with observed heterozygosity between 0.189 and 0.822. All loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (< 0.05). Regional differences were evident with unique alleles at multiple loci in six of eight populations.  相似文献   

2.
Microsatellite loci were developed from Parnassius apollo and Euphydryas aurinia, two endangered Palaearctic butterfly species. Respectively, six and five polymorphic loci were characterized from an enriched partial genomic library. Genetic diversity range from three to 25 alleles for the first species and from seven to 21 for the second. Although the presence of null alleles is suspected, these polymorphic loci are likely to provide important information on the fine scale genetic structure among populations of these species.  相似文献   

3.
Fifteen primer pairs were designed for 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci, which were isolated and characterized from genomic libraries of Rhynchosporium secalis. Conditions for multiplexing and simultaneous genotyping of up to eight loci in a single run are described. The number of alleles per polymorphic locus ranged from two to 13 in populations from Switzerland and Australia. Genotypic diversity ranged from 61.5 to 66.7. Gene diversity ranged from 0.08 to 0.89 for individual polymorphic loci, with averages of 0.54 and 0.62 for the populations from Switzerland and Australia, respectively. Variable levels of polymorphism make these ideal markers for population genetic analyses.  相似文献   

4.
Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were isolated from saltgrass (Distichlis spicata) and optimized for future studies of its breeding system. The loci were screened for variability among 24 individuals from two populations. The primers amplified loci with numbers of alleles ranging from four to 14 per locus and polymorphic information content from 0.481 to 0.951. Observed heterozygosity varied from 0.227 to 0.958.  相似文献   

5.
Allozyme variation was studied in threeNilaparvata lugens biotypes infesting specific rice varieties and a biotype infesting a weed grass,Leersia hexandra. Of the 20 enzymes inN. lugens for which activity was noted, 9 were polymorphic. Eleven enzyme loci were monomorphic for the same allele in all biotype populations; the rest were polymorphic for two or more alleles. The mean number of alleles per polymorphic locus was 2.3, while the mean number of alleles per locus was 1.5; heterozygosity ranged from 0.02 to 0.06 (biotype 1 > biotype 3 >Leersia-infesting biotype > biotype 2). Allelic frequency differences were observed in five loci among the four biotypes. However, the coefficient of genetic identity (I) of 0.99+ showed that the four biotype populations were genetically close relatives or merely populations ofN. lugens undergoing genetic differentiation. This work was partly supported by a financial grant received from the Directorate for Technical Cooperation and Humanitarian Aid, Switzerland.  相似文献   

6.
We describe the isolation of 11 polymorphic trinucleotide microsatellite loci from the stonefly Arcynopteryx compacta. Loci were highly variable with 3 to 14 alleles (mean = 6.45). Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.867. Seven loci showed significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium across both populations. There was no evidence for null alleles, and thus, Hardy–Weinberg departures could have resulted from genetic structure between populations or subpopulations. No linkage between loci was found. The 11 loci should prove highly informative for population genetic studies.  相似文献   

7.
Ten microsatellite loci were developed for the black‐lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera with a magnetic bead enrichment protocol. These tetra‐ and dinucleotide markers were polymorphic, with 10 to 43 alleles observed in 97 individuals from two Tuamotu atoll populations. Most loci revealed significant genic differentiation between the two populations and also exhibited some degree of heterozygote deficiencies, probably due to the presence of null alleles. These loci should be very useful to describe genetic structure, genetic variability and reproductive success in the various aquaculture and wild populations of pearl oyster in French Polynesia.  相似文献   

8.
The flagfish (Jordanella floridae) is commonly used in studies of wetlands ecology. Here we describe the isolation of ten microsatellite loci, six of which were polymorphic. The observed number of alleles ranged from 4 to 24 and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.59 to 0.81 for the polymorphic loci. The isolation of these markers will enable estimations of genetic diversity in natural populations.  相似文献   

9.
We describe the development of and amplification conditions for microsatellite primers isolated from the caddisfly Drusus discolor. Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed and screened for variability using 37 individuals from two populations from central Europe. The primers yielded an average of 8.6 alleles per loci. No linkage disequilibrium between loci was detected, while three loci showed deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in one of the two tested populations.  相似文献   

10.
Variation in and amplification conditions for nine polymorphic microsatellite loci identified from Lymnaea stagnalis, a hermaphroditic pulmonate snail, are described. Eight populations from central Finland were studied, which varied in terms of both observed polymorphism and heterozygosity. The number of alleles at each locus is moderate (two to seven), except for one exceptional locus having 16 alleles, and for which null alleles are possible. There is no evidence for genotypic disequilibrium in the populations for all pairs of loci. Heterozygosity levels are indicative of outcrossing in L. stagnalis, whose mating system will be characterized further using these markers.  相似文献   

11.
We have isolated and characterized 17 tetranucleotide microsatellite loci for Blanchard's cricket frog (Acris crepitans blanchardi), an anuran common in the central USA. Sixteen loci were organized into four multiplex amplification reactions. These loci were highly polymorphic when screened in 55 individuals from two distant populations, with 11–48 alleles per locus (average = 24.8). Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.18 to 0.97 and from 0.17 to 0.96, respectively. Nine loci were also polymorphic in Acris crepitans crepitans, with seven polymorphic in Acris gryllus. Five loci amplified in all three taxa. These loci will be useful for population‐ and species‐level investigations of this widespread group.  相似文献   

12.
We report the isolation of 19 primer pairs for amplification of polymorphic microsatellite loci for Hypericum cumulicola. These markers were evaluated in 24 individuals from one population; two to four alleles were detected per locus, and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.5. Two loci demonstrated significant heterozygote deficiencies, possibly due to null alleles, and significant linkage disequilibrium was found between six pairs of loci. The remaining microsatellite loci will help determine if genetic differentiation is responsible for life‐history differences between natural and anthropogenically disturbed populations of H. cumulicola.  相似文献   

13.
The desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii, is a threatened species native to the North American desert southwest and is recognized as having distinct Mojave and Sonoran populations. We identified six polymorphic microsatellite loci in the desert tortoise. All six loci were polymorphic in Sonoran samples. Five of the loci were variable in Mojave samples with varying degrees of amplification success. Two of the loci exhibited low allelic variation (2–3 alleles) while four were highly variable (8–27 alleles).  相似文献   

14.
Using the magnetic particles method, we isolated six polymorphic microsatellite loci from the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), which feeds on a wide range of legume species. The isolated loci were polymorphic, with three to six alleles in 40 aphids. Expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.12 to 0.65. These loci can be used to quantify clonal diversity and compare genetic population structure between sexual and asexual populations.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variation at 59 gene loci coding for enzymes (50) and larval proteins (9) has been studied in sympatric populations of Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans from insular and continental origin. The average number of alleles per locus, the mean proportion of polymorphic loci and the mean heterozygosity are similar both within and between species. There are however some significant differences between D. simulans populations in the genotypic frequencies for four polymorphic loci.  相似文献   

16.
Pelliciera rhizophorae is a unique Neotropical mangrove species belonging to Pelliciera genus. We isolated eight microsatellite loci from this species. All loci were polymorphic and showed three to nine alleles per locus in Colombian Pacific and Caribbean populations. Polymorphic information content ranged from 0.46 to 0.69. Two loci (PeRh‐14 and PeRh‐19) showed null alleles on the Caribbean coast, which suggest genetic differentiation between Pacific and Caribbean populations of P. rhizophorae. Development of these microsatellite loci constitutes a new molecular tool to carry out studies in the genome of the species and to evaluate its population dynamics.  相似文献   

17.
Fourteen polymorphic microsatellite loci (di, tetra and di‐tetra complexes) were developed for the argasid tick Ornithodoros coriaceus. Polymorphism was assessed for 56 individuals from two populations separated by ~95 km. All loci were polymorphic (X = 7, range 3–17 alleles). All loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium except for one locus (OrC 8) in a single population (P < 0.00119, after Bonferroni correction for multiple tests).  相似文献   

18.
Genomic libraries from house flies enriched for (CA)15 and (CAG)10 repeats were constructed by using biotinylated probes. Twenty‐five loci were isolated and evaluated for polymorphisms in wild flies representing two geographically diverse populations. Fourteen of 19 dinucleotide loci, and one of six trinucleotide loci were polymorphic. One hundred and twenty‐seven alleles were detected, 39 of which were private. Average number of alleles per polymorphic locus was 8.4 ± 2.5 and average heterozygosity was 72 ± 4%. FST by the private allele method was 0.73. Three of 15 loci showed significant heterozygote deficiencies, attributed to null alleles. Five of 15 loci were amplified in the face fly, Musca autumnalis.  相似文献   

19.
Oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense, is a commercially important freshwater prawn species in China, Japan, Korea and Vietnam. Due to overfishing for food, the wild stocks M. nipponense are endangered. Twenty microsatellite loci were isolated from the M. nipponense. Twelve of these loci were polymorphic (seven to 16 alleles per locus), with expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.68 to 0.86 (n = 48). These polymorphic loci provide a valuable tool for assessing genetic diversity of wild and cultured populations.  相似文献   

20.
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite markers were applied to evaluate the genetic variation in endemic and endangered yellow catfish, Horabagrus brachysoma sampled from three geographic locations of Western Ghat, South India river systems. In RAPD, of 32 10-mer RAPD primers screened initially, 10 were chosen and used in a comparative analysis of H. brachysoma collected from Meenachil, Chalakkudy and Nethravathi River systems. Of the 124 total RAPD fragments amplified, 49 (39.51%) were found to be shared by individuals of all 3 populations. The remaining 75 fragments were found to be polymorphic (60.48%). In microsatellites, six polymorphic microsatellite loci were identified by using primers developed for Pangasius hypophthalmus, Clarias macrocephalus and Clarias gariepinus. The identified loci were confirmed as microsatellite by sequencing after making a clone. The nucleotide sequences of 6 loci were published in NCBI genbank. The number of alleles across the six loci ranged from 4 to 7 and heterozygosities ranged from 0.07 to 0.93. The mean number of alleles and effective number of alleles per locus were 5.00 and 3.314, respectively. The average heterozygosity across all investigated samples was 0.72, indicating a significant deficiency of heterozygotes in this species. RAPD and microsatellite methods reported a high degree of gene diversity and genetic distances depicted by UPGMA dendrograms among the populations of H. brachysoma.  相似文献   

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