依赖辅酶B12的甘油脱水酶生物信息学分析

用生物信息学的方法对依赖辅酶B_(12)型甘油脱水酶的各个亚基结构进行了分析,并对其功能进行了探讨。通过对底物未结合时与底物结合后的酶分子构象变化进行分析,探讨了底物的结合对各个亚基的影响。     

重组大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素B亚单位基因表达系统构建

从E .coli 4 4 815株基因组DNA中扩增不耐热肠毒素B亚单位 (LTB)基因并分析了核苷酸序列 ,构建pET32a的LTB表达载体 ,在E .coliBL2 1DE3宿主菌中用不同浓度的IPTG诱导表达 ,采用SDS PAGE鉴定表达产物。克隆的LTB基因与报道的核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为 99.12 %～ 99.71%和 97.5 8%～ 99.19% ,pET32a LTB BL2 1DE3系统表达的rLTB量约占细菌总蛋白的 30 %。     

重组腺病毒CXCL12基因表达载体的构建及其转染间充质干细胞后对其Runx2基因表达的影响

目的:构建趋化因子CXCL12的重组腺病毒表达载体,观察其对间充质干细胞(MSC)中成骨特异性转录因子Runx2表达的影响。方法:将目的基因CXCL12全长c DNA模板进行PCR扩增、酶切后与p HBAd-MCMV-GFP载体结合,获得p HBAd-MCMV-CXCL12-GFP重组载体;将重组载体和包装质粒共转染HEK293细胞进行包装、扩增;利用所携带的绿色荧光蛋白基因测定病毒滴度,观察基因转染效率,QPCR和Western印迹检测CXCL12重组腺病毒转染后MSC中CXCL12和Runx2的表达。结果:酶切、PCR及测序结果证实CXCL12重组腺病毒载体构建成功,转染MSC后CXCL12和Runx2的表达明显升高,AMD3100可以降低CXCL12基因转染后MSC中Runx2的表达。结论:趋化因子CXCL12和MSC表面的CXCR4结合对MSC中成骨特异性转录因子Runx2的表达具有促进作用。     

克雷伯氏菌甘油脱水酶基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆与表达

利用PCR技术从克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC49790)总DNA中扩增得到甘油脱水酶(glycerol dehydratase,DHAB)基因的DNA片段,并将其连接到表达质粒pSE380,携带有重组质粒pSE-dhaB的大肠杆菌JM109实现了dhaB基因的表达;对含有dhaB工程菌进行表达研究,表明工程菌在37℃,以1．0mmol／L IPTG诱导5h酶活力即达到1164．14u／L,比野生菌酶活力(168．69U／L)提高了6．9倍。     

罗伊乳酸杆菌甘油脱水酶基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

迅速升温的生物柴油投资热导致了其副产物甘油的大量积累,这一现状使得开发和利用甘油生产各种精细化工产品备受关注。本实验通过构建基因工程菌来生物转化甘油生产3-羟基丙醛,为甘油下游产品的开发开辟了一条新途径。3-羟基丙醛是一种重要的化学中间体,同时也是一种有效的抗菌剂和生物组织的固定剂,在化学工业中具有广泛的应用前景。实验主要利用甘油脱水酶N末端序列,并根据NCBI中公布的甘油脱水酶的氨基酸序列设计了一对克隆引物,并以菌株罗伊乳酸杆菌Lactobacillus reuteri的基因组DNA为模板进行PCR扩增,获得约为1.6kb的片段,将其克隆到T载体上进行测序,对测序结果进行分析,重新设计两端含有EcoRI和HindIII酶切位点的表达引物,利用PCR扩增得到了甘油脱水酶基因,该基因片段长度为1674bp,编码558个氨基酸。将所得片段定向克隆到pET28b载体中,并转化至大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞中。经IPTG诱导后,进行SDS-PAGE电泳,在约65kD处检测出一蛋白表达条带,另外还对该重组菌进行比活力测定,最高比活力可达1.14U/mg,比野生型菌株提高了86.88%。     

克雷伯杆菌产1,3-丙二醇关键酶甘油脱水酶的酶活分析方法研究

有氧条件下,建立了克雷伯杆菌破碎方法及其生产1,3-丙二醇代谢途径中关键酶甘油脱水酶的酶活测定方法。甘油脱水酶酶活测定时在超声时间25min,功率为300w的条件下最适破碎频率为破碎时间1s,停息时间4s;甘油脱水酶酶活测定所用磷酸盐缓冲液的最适浓度为0.045mol/L,最适pH值7.2。甘油脱水酶酶活测定反应的最佳温度为37℃,甘油脱水酶酶活测定反应液的最佳吸收波长为290nm。     

Heterologous expression and characterization of recombinant glycerol dehydratase from Klebsiella pneumoniae in Escherichia coli

Glycerol dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.30), as one of the key enzymes in converting glycerol to the valuable intermediate 1,3-propanediol, is important for biochemical industry. The dhaB genes encoding coenzyme B(12)-dependent glycerol dehydratase in Klebsiella pneumoniae were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. An effective co-expression system of multiple subunits protein was constructed. Heterologous expression vectors were constructed using the splicing by overlap extension-PCR technique to co-express the three subunits of the glycerol dehydratase. After induction by isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside, SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that: (i) only the alpha subunit of glycerol dehydratase was expressed in direct expression system, (ii) the three subunits of glycerol dehydratase with predicted molecular massess of 64 (agr;), 22 (beta), and 16 kDa (gamma) were expressed simultaneously in co-expression system, and (iii) the fusion expression system expressed the fusion protein of 99 kDa. Enzyme assay showed that the activities of three heterologous expression products were 27.4, 2.3, and 0.2 U/mg. The highest enzyme activity was almost 17 times of that in K. pneumoniae. The recombinant enzyme was purified and biochemically characterized. The apparent Km values of the enzyme for coenzyme B(12) and 1, 2-propanediol were 8.5 nM and 1.2 mM, respectively. The enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 8.5 and 37 degrees C.     

Production of 3‐hydroxypropionic acid from glycerol by recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae ΔdhaTΔyqhD which can produce vitamin B12 naturally

3‐Hydroxypropionic acid (3‐HP) is an important platform chemical that can be used to synthesize a range of chemical compounds. A previous study demonstrated that recombinant Escherichia coli stains can produce 3‐HP from glycerol in the presence of vitamin B₁₂ (coenzyme B₁₂), when overexpressed with a coenzyme B₁₂‐dependent glycerol dehydratase (DhaB) and an aldehyde dehydrogenase. The present study examined the production of 3‐HP in recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, which naturally synthesizes vitamin B₁₂ and does not require supplementation of the expensive vitamin. The NAD⁺‐dependent gamma‐glutamyl‐gamma‐aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (PuuC) of K. pneumoniae alone or with its DhaB was overexpressed homologously, and two major oxidoreductases, DhaT and YqhD, were disrupted. Without vitamin B₁₂ addition, the recombinant K. pneumoniae ΔdhaTΔyqhD overexpressing PuuC could produce ～3.8 g/L 3‐HP in 12 h of flask culture. However, this was possible only under the appropriate aeration conditions; 1,3‐propanediol (1,3‐PDO) (instead of 3‐HP) was mainly produced when aeration was insufficient, whereas a very small amount of both 3‐HP and 1,3‐PDO were produced when aeration was too high. The production of a small amount of 3‐HP under improper aeration conditions was attributed to either slow NAD⁺ regeneration (under low aeration) or reduced vitamin B₁₂ synthesis (under high aeration). In a glycerol fed‐batch bioreactor experiment under a constant DO of 5%, the strain, K. pneumoniae ΔdhaTΔyqhD, overexpressing both PuuC and DhaB could produce >28 g/L 3‐HP in 48 h with a yield of >40% on glycerol. Only small amount of 3‐HP was produced when cultivation was carried out at a constant aeration of 1 vvm or constant 10% DO. These results show that K. pneumoniae is potentially useful for the production of 3‐HP in an economical culture medium that does not require vitamin B₁₂. The results also suggest that the aeration conditions should be optimized carefully for the efficient production of 3‐HP while using this strain. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 511–524. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

弗氏柠檬酸菌甘油脱水酶基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆和表达

以弗氏柠檬酸菌（Citrobacter freundii）基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR得到甘油脱水酶（glycerol dehydratase）基因dhaB、dhaC、dhaE,克隆到表达载体pSE380上,得到重组质粒pSn-dhaBCE。将此重组质粒转化到E．coli JM109中,重组菌株SDS-PAGE结果显示有明显的61kD、22kD、16kD三条特异性蛋白条带出现。重组菌株经诱导表达,酶活力为11．59U／mL。     

Low-solubility glycerol dehydratase,a chimeric enzyme of coenzyme B<Subscript>12</Subscript>-dependent glycerol and diol dehydratases

Coenzyme B₁₂-dependent diol and glycerol dehydratases are isofunctional enzymes, which catalyze dehydration of 1, 2-diols to produce corresponding aldehydes. Although the two types of dehydratases have high sequence homology, glycerol dehydratase is a soluble cytosolic enzyme, whereas diol dehydratase is a low-solubility enzyme associated with carboxysome-like polyhedral organelles. Since both the N-terminal 20 and 16 amino acid residues of the β and γ subunits, respectively, are indispensable for the low solubility of diol dehydratase, we constructed glycerol dehydratase-based chimeric enzymes which carried N-terminal portions of the β and γ subunits of diol dehydratase in the corresponding subunits of glycerol dehydratase. Addition of the diol dehydratase-specific N-terminal 34 and 33 amino acid residues of the β and γ subunits, respectively, was not enough to lower the solubility of glycerol dehydratase. A chimeric enzyme which carries the low homology region (residues 35–60) of the diol dehydratase β subunit in addition to the diol dehydratase-specific extra-regions of β and γ subunits showed low solubility comparable to diol dehydratase, although its hydropathy plot does not show any prominent hydrophobic peaks in these regions. It was thus concluded that short N-terminal sequences are sufficient to change the solubility of the enzyme.     

甘油脱水酶再激活酶的克隆表达及活性鉴定

运用PCR技术从克雷伯氏菌的基因组中分别扩增得到了编码甘油脱水酶再激活酶α、β两个亚基的基因gdrA、gdrB。将gdrA、gdrB克隆至pMD-18T载体上,构建克隆载体pMD-gdrAB。经测序正确后,将gdrAB亚克隆至表达载体pET-28a( )上构建表达质粒pET-28gdrAB。利用双抗生素筛选法,将pET-28gdrAB与连有甘油脱水酶基因的表达载体pET-32gldABC在大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)中共表达,鉴定了甘油脱水酶再激活酶的活性。