拟南芥R2R3-MYB家族第22亚族的结构与功能

拟南芥R2R3-MYB转录因子在拟南芥生长发育、代谢及响应生物和非生物胁迫的调控网络中具有重要作用。根据保守的氨基酸序列,R2R3-MYB转录因子被分为25个亚族,其中第22亚族包含AtMYB44、AtMYB77、AtMYB73和AtMYB70 4个基因,主要响应生物和非生物胁迫。文章从基因功能的相似性、基因表达的一致性和基因结构的保守性3方面综述了第22亚族的4个基因,并综合讨论了其在结构与功能上的冗余性和多样性。     

蒙古冰草MYB转录因子基因的序列分析

MYB转录因子是一类与植物抗逆相关的蛋白家族,通过激活植物抗逆应答基因的表达而提高其抗逆性。为挖掘蒙古冰草(Agropyron mongolicum)抗旱相关的MYB基因,本研究在已有转录组测序数据的基础上,用Plant TFDB数据库中的Prediction和Blast对MYB基因筛选及保守结构域分析,通过生物学方法对筛选出的MYB转录因子进行分析,预测其分子量和等电点等理化性质、基序、二级结构和三级结构;并用MEGA 7.0.21与已报道具有抗旱功能的29个MYB蛋白进行多序列比对分析并构建系统进化树。结果表明:蒙古冰草中筛选出9个MYB基因,蛋白大小在113~576 aa,分子量和等电点分别介于12.83~61.52 kD和4.68~9.80 kD之间,都为不稳定的亲水性蛋白;基序预测得到2个特征基序,最长的基序含50个氨基酸;α-螺旋和无规则卷曲是主要的二级结构,三级结构中都含有螺旋-转角-螺旋结构;进化树分析中,38个基因很好的聚为两类,其中Unigene 25843、Unigene 42380、Unigene 52355、Unigene 54016分别于AtMYB33、AtMYB61、Os MYB48-1、AtMYB20在同一分支上,高度同源,推测从蒙古冰草中筛选得到的MYB基因参与干旱胁迫应答,该研究为下一步蒙古冰草MYB基因功能的研究提供帮助。     

R2R3型MYB转录因子HbMYB88结构和功能分析

R2R3-MYB转录因子参与植物生长发育、激素信号传导和逆境响应等生物过程。为了揭示橡胶树MYB家族成员结构与功能,从橡胶树热研73397（RY73397）叶片中克隆HbMYB88的cDNA全长。该基因长为1 848 bp,含1 440 bp的ORF,编码479个氨基酸。HbMYB88蛋白序列包含2个SANT保守结构域,存在HTH三级结构,与拟南芥AtMYB88、AtMYB124具有高度相似性。AtMYB88、AtMYB124与干旱等逆境相关且未划分亚族。qRT-PCR分析发现HbMYB88在橡胶树茎和花中表达量高,在根、叶片、树皮和胶乳中表达量极低。热研73397组培苗叶片喷施过氧化氢（H₂O₂）和脱落酸（ABA）等处理后,HbMYB88表达量受诱导显著上调表达。表明HbMYB88与橡胶树抗旱等逆境反应有关,为深入研究其结构和功能打下基础。     

Altitudinal Variations of Ground Tissue and Xylem Tissue in Terminal Shoot of Woody Species: Implications for Treeline Formation

1. The terminal shoot (or current-year shoot), as one of the most active parts on a woody plant, is a basic unit determining plant height and is potentially influenced by a variety of environmental factors. It has been predicted that tissues amount and their allocation in plant stems may play a critical role in determining plant size in alpine regions. The primary structure in terminal shoots is a key to our understanding treeline formation. The existing theories on treeline formation, however, are still largely lacking of evidence at the species level, much less from anatomy for the terminal shoot.2. The primary structures within terminal shoot were measured quantitatively for 100 species from four elevation zones along the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain, southwestern China; one group was sampled from above the treeline. An allometric approach was employed to examine scaling relationships interspecifically, and a principal components analysis (PCA) was performed to test the relation among primary xylem, ground tissue, species growth form and altitude.3. The results showed that xylem tissue size was closely correlated with ground tissue size isometrically across species, while undergoing significant y- or/and x-intercept shift in response to altitudinal belts. Further, a conspicuous characteristic of terminal shoot was its allocation of contrasting tissues between primary xylem and ground tissues with increasing elevation. The result of the PCA showed correlations between anatomical variation, species growth form/height classes and environment.4. The current study presents a comparative assessment of the allocation of tissue in terminal shoot across phylogenically and ecologically diverse species, and analyzes tissue, function and climate associations with plant growth forms and height classes among species. The interspecific connection between primary xylem ratio and plant size along an elevation gradient suggests the importance of primary xylem in explaining the treeline formation.