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1.
本文从生物多样性的现状、存在的问题及应采取的措施等三个方面比较全面地叙述了我国生物多样性的情况。\"生物安全\"是《生物多样性公约》签订后每次缔约国会议都要讨论的中心议题之一。为之,本文也用一定的篇幅作了较详细的介绍。现状部分从物种多样性、遗传多样性及生态系统多样性等三个方面作了介绍,又从自然因素以及由于人类活动造成栖息地的丧失、环境恶化、偷猎走私、过度捕捞和水产养殖、高新技术发展、全球气候变化以及外来种引入等两个方面对生物多样性造成严重威胁作了相当详细的分析。在应采取措施部分,不仅是根据我国目前所存在的问题,还介绍了国外值得借鉴的、可取的经验,以及正在开展的有关项目。使读者对我国生物多样性的情况及应采取的对策有了比较明确的了解。此外,对什么是“生物安全”,为什么要提出生物安全的问题以及应重视的问题也给出了答案。 相似文献
2.
生物多样性的几个问题(续) 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
从生物多样性的现状、存在的问题及应采取的措施等三个方面比较全面地叙述了我国生物多样性的情况。“生物安全”是《生物多样性公约《签订后每次缔约国会议都要讨论的中心议题之一。为之本文也用一定的篇幅作了较详细的介绍。 相似文献
3.
生物多样性的几个问题 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
本文从生物多样性的现状、存在的问题及应采取的措施等三个方面比较全面地叙述了我国生物多样性的情况。“生物安全”是《生物多样性公约》签订后每次缔约国会议都要讨论的中心议题之一。为之,本文也用一定的篇幅作了较详细的介绍。现状部分从物种多样性、遗传多样性及生态系统多样性等三个方面作了介绍,又从自然因素以及由于人类活动造成栖息地的丧失、环境恶化、偷猎走私、过度捕捞和水产养殖、高新技术发展、全球气候变化以及外 相似文献
4.
遗传修饰生物体释放入生态系统中后的生态危害 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
遗传修饰生物体(genetically modified organisms,GMOs)释放后的效应问题和外来生物的入侵构成了广义的生物安全。20世纪90年代以来,随着现代生物技术特别是基因工程技术的发展,越来越多的GMOs进入大规模商业化应用阶段。GMOs释放入生态系统后的负面影响也日渐暴露。它所引起的基因污染,非目标效应等问题对自然界的生物多样性产生了深刻的影响。正确认识GMOs进入生态系统后的生态效应.不仅能够揭示修饰了的基因的生态学功能,而且能够为生物安全的管理提供理论依据。 相似文献
5.
生物多样性保护与持续利用已为各国政府和大众所重视,现仅就国际和国内关注的生物多样性研究的热点加以介绍。对DIVERSITAS这一生物多样性科学的国际项目进行评价,对生物多样性起源、维持、编目、监测等方面提出补充意见。生物多样性恢复研究是以生态系统动态演替为理论基础的,此方面工作亟待加强。生物多样性信息系统是生物多样性科学的重要组成部分。农田生物多样性研究把生物多样性与农业生产紧密结合。生物安全是当前国际上极为关注的问题。文中对其主要研究内容提出作者的观点。 相似文献
6.
生物多样性丧失和气候变化是全球面临的共同挑战。生物多样性丧失加剧了气候变暖进程,同时,气候变化也加剧生物多样性丧失,二者之间是耦合关系,应当将应对气候变化和保护生物多样性视为相辅相成的两个目标,实现生物多样性与气候变化的协同治理。《联合国气候变化框架公约》(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFCCC)和联合国《生物多样性公约》(Convention on Biological Diversity, CBD)都注意到生物多样性和气候变化之间的重要联系,二者存在相互交叉的议题。故本文从国际公约的角度出发,梳理了UNFCCC中生物多样性相关议题的谈判焦点与发展、CBD中气候变化相关议题的谈判焦点与发展以及二者履约机制的协同现状;总结出国际法视野下生物多样性与气候变化协同治理所面临的困难:(1) UNFCCC对生物多样性议题的回应不足;(2) CBD对气候变化议题单向回应;(3) UNFCCC与CBD履约机制分割显著;(4)防范生物多样性丧失与应对气候变化的制度措施之间的冲突。基于此,本文以整体系统观为理论基石,提... 相似文献
7.
福建植物生物多样性的特点及其生物安全问题 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
对福建植物生物多样性从物种多样性、遗传多样性和生态系统多样性三个层面进行了评价,分析了植物生物多样性的特点。在此基础上提出了影响福建植物生物多样性的主要生物安全问题。研究表明,福建植物生物多样性具有植物种类丰富,热带和亚热带的科属种类多、起源古老,中国特有成分比例较高和国家重点保护植物较为丰富等特点。影响植物生物多样性的主要生物安全问题包括阔叶林面积不断减少,森林资源总体质量下降;濒危野生植物比重增大,名木古树破坏严重;外来物种入侵呈加重趋势。 相似文献
8.
传统知识,两个《公约》共同关注的焦点——裴盛基谈两个多样性(二) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《人与生物圈》2007,(5):33-33
对传统知识与生物多样性的联系有三种解释,第一是遗传资源的传统知识;第二是文化表达知识,包含着一种人与自然之间关系的解说或人与自然相处的知识;第三是传统医药知识。所以传统知识在两个文件里都是关注的焦点。 相似文献
9.
两个《公约》表达了一个共识:生物多样性与文化多样性相互关联——裴盛基谈两个多样性(一) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《人与生物圈》2007,(5):21-21
裴盏基:中国科学院昆明植物研究所研究员,博士生导师;国际民族生物学会(ISE)(前主席);中国科学院(原)云南热带植物研究所所长;曾任国际山地中心(ICMOD)资源环境部主任(1990- 1999)。云南省生物多样性和传统知识研究会的创始人。30多年来埋首丛林,跑遍了云南的山山水水,由一个纯粹的自然科学工作者进入了交叉学科的研究,成为用跨学科研究方法系统研究少数民族本土环境与植物知识的第一人,开创了中国民族植物学。 相似文献
10.
试论生物多样性的概念 总被引:199,自引:8,他引:199
随着人口的迅速增长,人类经济活动的不断加剧,作为人类生存最为重要的基础的生物多样性受到了严重的威胁。“无法再现的基因、物种和生态系统正以人类历史上前所未有的速度消失”。如果不立即采取有效措施,人类将面临着能否继续以其固有的方式生活的挑战。 相似文献
11.
Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme
responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare
the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show
that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by
distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of
demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least
one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of
the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable
potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs. 相似文献
12.
正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases 相似文献
13.
It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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15.
RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
16.
Lina Rustanti Hongping Jin Dongsheng Li Mary Lor Haran Sivakumaran David Harrich 《中国病毒学》2018,33(2):142-152
17.
JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
18.
The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle. 相似文献
19.
Yuan Zhou Qian Wang Qi Yang Jielin Tang Chonghui Xu Dongwei Gai Xinwen Chen Jizheng Chen 《中国病毒学》2018,33(5):418-428
20.
Jie-Mei Yu Ze-Yin Liang Yuan-Hui Fu Xiang-Lei Peng Yan-Peng Zheng Yu-Jun Dong Jin-Sheng He 《中国病毒学》2024,39(4):705-707
Highlights1. Viral metagenomics analysis was conducted on samples from an HSCT recipient experiencing severe lingual papillomatosis.2. Coexistence of AAV2 with AdV18 in fecal and HSV-1 in tissue samples was detected.3. A second complete genome of AdV18 was obtained in this study and is available in public databases. 相似文献