不同产地怀牛膝β-蜕皮甾酮含量测定及指纹图谱研究

建立怀牛膝中β-蜕皮甾酮的HPLC含量测定和指纹图谱方法,比较不同产地牛膝的质量差异。采用Waters SunFire C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇和水为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长250 nm。β-蜕皮甾酮在0.26μg～2.60μg线性关系良好(r=0.9994),平均回收率为100.29%(RSD=2.42%,n=6);建立了怀牛膝药材的HPLC指纹图谱,标定了怀牛膝药材中7个共有峰,并对21个不同产地的牛膝药材进行了测定。该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可为怀牛膝质量控制和道地性研究提供依据。     

高效液相色谱法测定降糖1号胶囊中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的:建立测定降糖1号胶囊中淫羊藿苷含量的方法。方法:室温条件下超声提取降糖1号胶囊中的淫羊藿苷,用D101大孔吸附树脂柱纯化提取物,高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定含量,色谱柱:Hypersil ODS2(4.6mm×200mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-水(30:70);流速:1ml/min,检测波长270nm;柱温:30℃。结果:淫羊藿苷的进样量在0.08μg-0.28μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均加样回收率(n=6)为96.66%,RSD为2.14%。结论:该方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于降糖1号胶囊的质量控制。     

朝鲜淫羊藿药材HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立朝鲜淫羊藿药材HPLC指纹图谱分析方法。方法:采用Agilent C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,柱温:25℃,流速:1 mL/min,以乙腈、水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为270 nm,以淫羊藿苷、朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C为对照品。结果:对同一批次朝鲜淫羊藿药材样品进行测定,标定了4个特征峰,通过"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统2004A版软件"计算其相似度。结论:该方法建立的朝鲜淫羊藿药材指纹图谱方法精密度高、重现性好,可为更好的控制朝鲜淫羊藿药材的内在质量提供科学依据。     

不同采收期荔枝草中黄酮成分含量的动态变化研究

目的:为荔枝草的最佳采收期提供实验依据。方法:采用Lichrospher C18色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm);0.5%的甲酸水溶液-乙腈梯度洗脱,流速1.0mL/min,柱温:25℃,检测波长342nm。结果:高车前苷与假荆芥属苷分别在0.0472～0.472μg(r=0.9999)和0.0275～0.275μg(r=0.9999)范围内呈良好的线性关系。结论:该方法简单,结果准确可靠,重现性好。荔枝草在5月上旬未开花前黄酮含量积累达到最大,可参考作为荔枝草药材的最佳采收期。     

藏药短管兔耳草中松果菊苷和麦角甾苷的RP-HPLC分析

建立了藏药短管兔耳草中松果菊苷和麦角甾苷含量的高效液相色谱分析法.采用Waters XTerra RP18色谱柱(150mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-1%冰醋酸溶液(28:72,V:V)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长330 nm,柱温30℃,在20 min内分离检测了该两种化合物.松果菊苷和麦角甾苷进样量分别在0.077～4.950μg(r=0.999 9)和0.085～5.450μg(r=0.999 9)内呈良好线性,平均加样回收率分别为98.35%和92.50%,RSD分别为2.35%和2.86%.所建立的方法简便、快捷、结果准确可靠,重现性好,可用于藏药短管兔耳草的质量控制,并为兔耳草属植物中苯丙素苷类化合物的分离分析提供一定的参考.     

HPLC梯度洗脱同时测定牛蒡子液体制剂中牛蒡子苷和牛蒡子苷元的含量

目的:建立一种同时测定牛蒡子液体制剂中牛蒡子苷和牛蒡子苷元含量的HPLC梯度洗脱法。方法:采用Dionex Summit高效液相色谱系统,ODS C18柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0ml/min,测定波长280nm,柱温30℃下对牛蒡子液体制剂中牛蒡子苷和牛蒡子苷元进行含量测定。结果:牛蒡子苷进样浓度在0.098～0.98mg/ml、牛蒡子苷元进样浓度在0.0304～0.304mg/ml范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9997、r=0.9995),平均回收率分别为100.80%,RSD为1.9%(n=6)和98.6%,RSD为2.3%(n=6)。结论:该方法准确可靠、重现性好,可用于牛蒡子液体制剂的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定罗汉果根中两个降三萜配糖体

建立了高效液相色谱测定罗汉果根中两个结构新颖的降三萜糖苷,罗汉果酸苷乙Ⅱ(Siraitic acidⅡB)和罗汉果酸苷甲Ⅱ(Siraitic acidⅡA)含量的方法。色谱条件:色谱柱:ZORBAX SB-C18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm);柱温:25℃;流动相:乙腈-水(梯度洗脱:0→4min:35%乙腈;4→16min:35%→45%乙腈);流速:0.5mL/min;检测波长:230nm;进样量:10μL。结果表明,罗汉果酸苷乙Ⅱ在0.05～0.3mg/mL,罗汉果酸苷甲Ⅱ在0.05～0.25mg/mL之间线性关系良好。该方法稳定,精密度、重现性好,且样品处理简单,提取与检测时间短。     

柱前衍生化HPLC同时测定霍山石斛中13种游离氨基酸含量

为建立柱前衍生化HPLC同时测定霍山石斛中13种游离氨基酸的方法。采用Waters XBridge C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4. 6 mm,5μm);流动相为0. 1 mol/L醋酸钠缓冲液-乙腈∶水(4∶1),梯度洗脱;流速1. 0 mL/min,柱温35℃;检测波长254 nm。在该色谱条件下霍山石斛中13种游离氨基酸分离较好,平均加样回收率为92. 7%~104. 3%,RSD 2. 5%。该方法简便、准确、重现性好,适用于霍山石斛中13种游离氨基酸的同时测定。     

HPLC法同时测定江苏引种白芷中5个香豆素的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱同时测定引种白芷中5种香豆素成分含量的方法,为筛选出适合江苏栽培的白芷种源提供依据.方法:采用Phenomenex Gemini C18(250 mm×4.60 mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-水(70∶30),流速0.8 mL·min-1,柱温30℃;UV检测波长310 nm.结果:江苏引种的不同种质来源白芷中香豆素的含量差异明显.结论:该检测方法简单,准确,重现性好.江苏引种的川白芷生长量最大,且五种香豆素的总含量最高.     

HPLC测定7种龙胆科植物花中龙胆苦苷与獐牙菜苦苷的含量

目的:建立7种龙胆花中龙胆苦苷和獐牙菜苦苷含量测定的HPLC方法。方法:采用微波辅助动态回流法进行提取,色谱条件:Fusion-RP 80 A C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.2%磷酸溶液梯度洗脱(0~25 min:15%~30%);流速:1 mL/min;柱温:30℃;检测波长240 nm。结果:7种龙胆花中獐牙菜苦苷和龙胆苦苷的色谱峰与共存组分完全达到基线分离,线性范围分别为0.105~0.945μg(r=0.999 9),0.3~0.7μg(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率分别为97.8%(RSD=1.02%),98.9%(RSD=1.51%)。结论:所建立的方法测定快速,结果准确可靠。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.