MATLAB7．X生物信息工具箱的应用——基因序列分析（一）

MATLAB7．X生物信息工具箱为广大用户提供了一个用于基因组和蛋白质组分析的综合环境,它利用数据库资源,使科学研究事半功倍,在工具箱提供的开放环境里,用户甚至可以按照自己的目的来设计和利用分析工具。本文主要介绍了MATLAB7．X生物信息工具箱在基因序列分析中的应用,包括确定核苷酸组成,密码子组成,氨基酸转化和组成等,所有操作简便高效。结果可视化程度高。     

MATLAB 7.X生物信息工具箱的应用——基因序列分析(一)

MATLAB 7.X生物信息工具箱为广大用户提供了一个用于基因组和蛋白质组分析的综合环境,它利用数据库资源,使科学研究事半功倍,在工具箱提供的开放环境里,用户甚至可以按照自己的目的来设计和利用分析工具.本文主要介绍了MATLAB7.X生物信息工具箱在基因序列分析中的应用,包括确定核苷酸组成,密码子组成,氨基酸转化和组成等,所有操作简便高效,结果可视化程度高.     

MATLAB 7.X生物信息工具箱的应用--系统发生分析(五)

MATLAB 7.X生物信息工具箱为广大用户提供了一个用于系统发生分析的综合环境,它能利用数据库资源,方便获取DNA/蛋白质序列数据,所有操作简单高效,结果可视化程度高。在工具箱提供的开放环境里,用户还可以根据自己的目标来设计和利用分析工具。本文介绍MATLAB7.X生物信息工具箱在构建系统发生树方面的应用,以人科线粒体基因序列作为分子标记构建一株人科系统发生树为例,说明在MATLAB环境下对系统发生树的分析和处理。     

In silico analysis of squalene synthase in Fabaceae family using bioinformatics tools

Triterpenoid saponins are a diverse group of bioactive compounds, which are used for possessing of many biomedical and pharmaceutical products. Generally, squalene synthase (SQS) is defined as an emerging and essential branch point enzyme far from the major pathway of isoprenoids biosynthetic and a latent adjusting point, which manages carbon flux into triterpenes biosynthesis and sterols. The present study deals with the detailed characterization of SQS by bioinformatics approaches to evaluate physicochemical properties, structural characteristics including secondary and 3D structure prediction and functional analysis from eight plants related to Fabaceae family and Arabidopsis thaliana. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SQS proteins have two transmembrane regions in the C-terminal. The predicted motifs were used to design universal degenerate primers for PCR analysis and other molecular applications. Phylogenetic analysis showed conserved regions at different stretches with maximum homology in amino acid residues within all SQSs. The secondary structure prediction results showed that the amino acid sequence of all squalene synthases had α helix and random coil as the main components. The reliability of the received model was confirmed using the ProSA and RAMPAGE programs. Determining of active site by CASTp proposes the possibility of using this protein as probable medication target. The findings of the present study may be useful for further assessments on characterization and cloning of squalene synthase.     

PRDB: Protein Repeat DataBase

Rapidly increasing genomic data present new challenges for scientists: making sense of millions of amino acid sequences requires a systematic approach and information about their 3D structure, function, and evolution. Over the last decade, numerous studies demonstrated the fundamental importance of protein tandem repeats and their involvement in human diseases. Bioinformatics analysis of these regions requires special computer programs and databases, since the conventional approaches predominantly developed for globular domains have limited success. To perform a global comparative analysis of protein tandem repeats, we developed the Protein Tandem Repeat DataBase (PRDB). PRDB is a curated database that includes the protein tandem repeats found in sequence databanks by the T‐REKS program. The database is available at http://bioinfo.montp.cnrs.fr/?r=repeatDB     

A comparison of four pair-wise sequence alignment methods

Protein sequence alignment has become an essential task in modern molecular biology research. A number of alignment techniques have been documented in literature and their corresponding tools are made available as freeware and commercial software. The choice and use of these tools for sequence alignment through the complete interpretation of alignment results is often considered non-trivial by end-users with limited skill in Bioinformatics algorithm development. Here, we discuss the comparison of sequence alignment techniques based on dynamic programming (N-W, S-W) and heuristics (LFASTA, BL2SEQ) for four sets of sequence data towards an educational purpose. The analysis suggests that heuristics based methods are faster than dynamic programming methods in alignment speed.     

Plant genome sequencing: applications for crop improvement

DNA sequencing technology is undergoing a revolution with the commercialization of second generation technologies capable of sequencing thousands of millions of nucleotide bases in each run. The data explosion resulting from this technology is likely to continue to increase with the further development of second generation sequencing and the introduction of third generation single‐molecule sequencing methods over the coming years. The question is no longer whether we can sequence crop genomes which are often large and complex, but how soon can we sequence them? Even cereal genomes such as wheat and barley which were once considered intractable are coming under the spotlight of the new sequencing technologies and an array of new projects and approaches are being established. The increasing availability of DNA sequence information enables the discovery of genes and molecular markers associated with diverse agronomic traits creating new opportunities for crop improvement. However, the challenge remains to convert this mass of data into knowledge that can be applied in crop breeding programs.     

How to test bioinformatics software?

Biophysical Reviews - Bioinformatics is the application of computational, mathematical and statistical techniques to solve problems in biology and medicine. Bioinformatics programs developed for...     

基于HMM的齿肋赤藓VOZ转录因子的预测与分析

VOZ(Vascular plant One Zinc finger protein)作为与植物的进化与发育密切相关的基因,在极端耐旱荒漠苔藓植物齿肋赤藓(Syntrichia caninervis)中对VOZ基因进行挖掘和分析有利于更好的揭示VOZ基因的进化关系,且可作为抗逆基因进行更为深入的分子生物学研究。在VOZ转录因子蛋白中VOZ-domain是一个保守的DNA结合结构功能域,利用VOZ-domain多序列联配构建隐马尔可夫模型序列谱能够很好的进行家族成员的识别和预测。利用拟南芥、小立碗藓和水稻等植物已知的转录因子序列信息构建HMM序列谱模型,对荒漠苔藓齿肋赤藓转录组进行比对搜索。最终得到一条新的齿肋赤藓VOZ转录因子ScVOZ1(NCBI/EBI检索号:HG764415),序列长度为1 495 bp,具有完整的VOZ-domain结构域。生物信息学分析表明其具有转录调控功能和核定位潜能。多序列比对、进化和保守基序分析表明,ScVOZ1蛋白序列与小立碗藓VOZ家族和拟南芥AtVOZ1相似度较高。本研究为进一步研究ScVOZ1基因的功能以及其进化起源奠定了基础。     

生物信息学在基因芯片中的应用

生物信息学和基因芯片是生命科学研究领域中的两种新方法和新技术,生物信息学与基因芯片密切相关,生物信息学促进了基因芯片的研究与应用,而基因芯片则丰富了生物信息学的研究内容。本论文探讨生物信息学在基因芯片中的应用,将生物信息学方法运用到高密度基因芯片设计和芯片实验数据管理及分析。从信息学的角度提出基因芯片设计准则,提出寡核苷酸探针的优化设计方法,将该方法运用于再测序型芯片和基因表达型芯片的设计,在此基础上研制出高密度基因芯片设计软件系统和实验结果分析系统。     

Microarray analysis using bioinformatics analysis audit trails (BAATs)

Bioinformatics analysis plays an integrative role in genomics and functional genomics. The ability to conduct quality managed, hypothesis-driven bioinformatics analysis with the plethora of data available is mandatory. Biological interpretation of this data is dependent on versions of databases, programs and the parameters used. Thus, tracking and auditing the analyses process is important. This paper outlines what we term Bioinformatics Analysis Audit Trails (BAATs) and describes YABI, a bioinformatics environment that implements BAATs. YABI can incorporate most bioinformatics tools within the same environment, making it a valuable resource.     

日本蛇根草花青素还原酶基因的克隆及其生物信息学分析

花青素还原酶(anthocyanidin reductase, ANR)是原花青素合成途径中的关键酶,同时花青素还原酶对植物花色苷的积累也发挥着重要作用。本研究以日本蛇根草为材料,以其转录组测序结果为基础,设计引物通过RT-PCR方法成功克隆得到日本蛇根草ANR基因完整的cDNA序列,利用生物信息学方法和工具对日本蛇根草ANR基因的功能结构域、生理和化学参数、亲/疏水性、信号肽、二级结构等进行预测和分析。结果表明,该基因cDNA全长为1 020 bp,编码339个氨基酸,预测其蛋白分子量为36.37 kD,等电点为5.92,为亲水蛋白,不含信号肽序列。综上,本研究成功克隆获得日本蛇根草ANR基因并完成其生物信息学分析,研究结果将为解析该基因的功能奠定基础。     

植物microRNA的生物信息学预测与分析

microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类广泛存在于真核生物中调控基因转录后表达的非编码小分子RNA。大量研究表明,miRNA在调节多种生物途径中起着重要的作用,采用生物信息学方法预测与分析miRNA是当前发现和鉴定植物miRNA的重要策略之一。研究内容总结了生物信息学预测植物miRNA及其靶基因的方法策略,阐述了生物信息学在植物miRNA研究中的重要作用,为今后的研究奠定了基础。     

Seahawk: moving beyond HTML in Web-based bioinformatics analysis

Background  

Traditional HTML interfaces for input to and output from Bioinformatics analysis on the Web are highly variable in style, content and data formats. Combining multiple analyses can therfore be an onerous task for biologists. Semantic Web Services allow automated discovery of conceptual links between remote data analysis servers. A shared data ontology and service discovery/execution framework is particularly attractive in Bioinformatics, where data and services are often both disparate and distributed. Instead of biologists copying, pasting and reformatting data between various Web sites, Semantic Web Service protocols such as MOBY-S hold out the promise of seamlessly integrating multi-step analysis.     

MATLAB 7.X 生物信息工具箱的应用-- 专用分析工具（ 六）*

序列分析可以获取蕴藏在简单序列中的生物信息,是生物信息分析的基础。通过生物大分子序列差异分析构建的系统树则可为我们提供可视化的物种间的进化关系。MATLAB7.X生物信息工具箱包含了几个图形用户界面设计的专用分析工具,这些专用分析工具交互性好,易于使用。借助于这些分析工具,用户不仅可以对基因序列进行分析查看并能进行相对应的氨基酸序列分析,还可以方便快捷地构建系统发育树。即使用户不会编程也可以进行序列分析和系统发育分析的研究,大大地提高了分析的效率。本文详细介绍了序列分析工具Seqtool和系统发育分析工具Phytreetool在序列分析及系统发育树构建方面的应用,所有操作方便快捷,分析结果可视化程度高。     

丹参病程相关蛋白基因（SmPR-10）的生物信息学及表达模式分析

对丹参EST序列进行Blast分析,获得了一条病程相关蛋白10（Pathogenesis-related protein10,PR-10）基因,命名为：SmPR-10（GenBank注册号：HM439764）。分别从cDNA和gDNA水平克隆得到该基因,其序列无内含子,包含一个长为486bp的完整开放读码框,编码161个氨基酸残基。生物信息学分析显示,SmPR-10所编码的蛋白SmPR-10具有Betv1结构域,属于病程相关蛋白10家族,其相对分子量为17·47kD,为稳定的酸蛋白;无信号肽、膜锚定或跨膜结构域,为亲水性蛋白。实时定量PCR结果分析表明,SmPR-10基因主要在丹参茎中表达,其表达受到病原菌和茉莉酸甲酯逆境信号的诱导,显示SmPR-10基因可能在植物防御反应中发挥作用。     

木榄CaM基因的克隆及序列分析

以深圳红树自然保护区的木榄为材料,根据GenBank上已公布的钙调蛋白氨基酸保守区的碱基序列设计引物,RT-PCR扩增木榄CaM序列,获得cDNA全长735bp,命名为BgCaM(GenBank登录号:GU722140)。生物信息学分析表明,BgCaM与拟南芥、花生、大麦、榉木及甘薯等植物钙调蛋白氨基酸保守区具有较高同源性。BgCaM基因完整开放阅读框为450bp,编码149个氨基酸,预测蛋白等电点为4.11,分子量为16.8kD。分析基因序列和相应酶切位点,将扩增获得的BgCaM基因完整开放阅读框与中间表达载体相应酶切产物进行连接,构建植物表达载体pC13rd29A-BgCaM,为BgCaM功能分析和进一步利用奠定了基础,为植物转基因研究与应用又增添了一个新的基因源。     

耐辐射球菌转录因子DdrO的基因克隆与生物信息学分析

目的：克隆耐辐射球菌ddrO基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析,预测其功能。方法：根据耐辐射球菌ddrO基因序列,由Primer Premier 5设计一对引物,以提取的耐辐射球菌基因组为模板,PCR扩增获得耐辐射球菌ddrO基因,序列测定并利用生物信息学软件对ddrO基因的理化性质、高级结构及生物学功能等进行分析与预测。结果：成功获得了ddrO基因。生物信息学分析发现,ddrO基因核苷酸序列长度为396bp,编码一个131aa组成的相对分子质量为14.993kD的预测的DdrO转录因子。核酸同源性搜索及比较分析仅在与耐辐射球菌同属的Deinococcus geothermalis和Deinococcus deserti中发现高度相似的序列;蛋白同源性搜索发现一些与DdrO显著同源的蛋白,如Deide_20570（95%）,Dgeo_0336（90%）,Deide_3p02170（82%）等;结构域分析发现DdrO含有HTH（helix-turn-helix）DNA结合结构域。结论：根据生物信息学结果预测DdrO蛋白可能具有转录调控作用,参与DNA修复和复制,在耐辐射球菌的DNA损伤修复过程中发挥一定作用。