增强型青色荧光蛋白慢病毒表达载体的构建

目的：通过多点突变构建增强型青色荧光蛋白（ECFP）慢病毒表达载体。方法与结果：根据增强型绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）和ECFP基因序列的差异设计3对引物,以pLentiLox3.7-EGFP为模板进行分段PCR扩增,再以分段PCR扩增产物为模板扩增出突变的ECFP基因片段,将其与载体连接,得到ECFP慢病毒表达载体pLentiLox3.7-ECFP,测序结果证实经过多点突变扩增的ECFP片段基因序列完全正确;磷酸钙介导pLentiLox3.7-ECFP在293T细胞中表达,48h后在荧光显微镜下观察到青色荧光蛋白。结论：通过多点突变的方法得到了ECFP慢病毒表达载体。     

绿色荧光蛋白基因TuMv病毒表达载体的构建

本研究通过设计引物进行PCR扩增得到绿色荧光蛋白GFP基因,将PCR产物酶切以后与芜菁花叶病毒表达载体相连,得到的阳性克隆通过多对引物组合进行PCR验证及序列测定,说明GFP基因已经连接到该病毒表达载体中,而且没有发生碱基误配及错配。该GFP表达载体的构建为进一步利用TuMv的全长cDNA侵染性克隆进行外源基因的转化奠定了基础。     

绿色荧光蛋白标记的表达载体pHis-EGFP的构建

为对重组蛋白的表达进行直观检测并简化蛋白纯化的步骤,构建了能在大肠杆菌中表达融合蛋白的通用表达载体pHis-EGFP。该载体含有源自表达载体pET-32a的T7启动子、终止子和源自质粒pUC18的ColE1复制子与绿色荧光蛋白报告基因。应用该载体成功地表达并纯化了酵母GGDP(geranylgeranyldiphosphate,GGDP)合酶融合蛋白,结果表明所构建的载体是一个实用的表达载体,并建立了离子交换层析和亲和层析两步纯化融合蛋白的方法。     

里氏木霉分泌型表达载体的构建及绿色荧光蛋白的表达

【目的】构建里氏木霉分泌型表达载体,通过表达绿色荧光蛋白论证载体的可行性并初步观察绿色荧光蛋白在里氏木霉中的分泌过程。【方法】应用PCR及分子克隆技术将里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)纤维二糖水解酶(CBH1)的启动子及CBH1自身信号肽、终止子和潮霉素筛选基因依次插入骨架质粒pUC19中,构建出T.reesei表达载体Ppth15。将增强型绿色荧光蛋白(eGFP)基因装载入Ppth15中,获得eGFP表达载体Ppth15-eGFP。再将Ppth15-eGFP转化进T.reesei原生质体,通过潮霉素抗性筛选、基因组PCR检测等方法鉴定,获得阳性重组转化子。【结果】用PDA培养基培养阳性转化子2-3 d后,可在菌丝顶端、隔膜及培养基中清晰地观察到大量绿色荧光。【结论】表达载体构建成功且能够用于eGFP的表达,实验为进一步研究T.reesei表达其他基因提供了有效工具,同时为T.reesei胞外蛋白分泌的研究提供了参考。     

含绿色荧光蛋白标记的木霉表达载体的构建

ACCC 30150是由本实验室筛选的一株对黄瓜枯萎病、青椒疫病等多种土传病害具有较好防治效果的长柄木霉生防菌,为研究其在蔬菜根际的定殖情况,本试验将含绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)和潮霉素B抗性的融合基因交换整合到真核表达骨架载体pNOM102上.通过酶切鉴定和测序鉴定证明目的片段与载体片段连接正确,木霉表达载体pNOM102-HygEGFP构建成功,为下一步进行生防木霉根际定殖研究奠定基础.     

利用突变的绿化荧光蛋白基因为标记构建新型克隆载体

将三位点替换突变的绿色荧光蛋白（ＧＦＰ－Ｓ６５Ｔ、Ｖ６８Ｌ、Ｓ７２Ａ）基因插入到ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔ ＳＫ（＋）的ＸｂａⅠ和ＳａｃⅠ之间,构建为新型的克隆载体ｐＧｒｅｅｎＬＤ。此质粒载体在Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ中表达后使菌落在日光下呈现黄绿色,而在长波紫外光照射下呈现亮绿荧光,当外源ＤＮＡ片段插入该载体的多克隆位点使ｇｆｐ基因表达受阻时,转化的Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ菌落为白色。因此可以用Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ菌落黄绿色／绿色     

带红色荧光蛋白靶向线粒体载体的构建与表达

选取由核表达的线粒体蛋白细胞色素C氧化亚单位Ⅷ（COX8）的前导序列为靶序列,从人胚胎肺成纤维细胞中扩增出COX8的前导序列,插入到pcDNA3．1／myc—HisA中,并将pDsRED1-n1中的红色荧光蛋白序列RFP克隆至COX8的下游,形成融合蛋白。在脂质体的介导下,将重组载体转染至肿瘤细胞中,在荧光显微镜下观察其在细胞内的表达及分布情况。构建的靶向线粒体的载体以及以红色荧光蛋白为报告基因的靶向线粒体的载体,经酶切、DNA序列测定,结果表明构建正确。将pcDNAmito—RFP转染到HeLa细胞的线粒体中,16h即可见散在荧光,72h达高峰,第10d开始减弱。以上结果表明成功构建了以红色荧光蛋白为报告基因的线粒体靶向的特异表达载体,在靶序列的引导下将红色荧光蛋白输入到线粒体中,为进一步对线粒体疾病的基因治疗研究提供了重要工具。     

杆状病毒转移载体的构建及绿色荧光蛋白在斜纹夜蛾幼虫中的表达

为构建斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒 （SpltMNPV）的重组病毒,以该病毒日本C3株基因组DNA为PCR扩增模板,根据GenBank SpltMNPV中国G2株基因序列,设计了两对引物分别扩增多角体蛋白基因的5′端侧翼序列（含启动子）和3′端侧翼序列（含终止子）,将这两个片段依次克隆于pUC18质粒载体后,再将绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因亚克隆到上述载体的多角体蛋白基因启动子和终止子之间,获得转移载体pSplt-gfp。将pSplt-gfp与野生型SpltMNPV 基因组DNA共转染Spli细胞,通过同源重组和有限稀释法筛选,获得了以gfp基因替代多角体蛋白基因的重组病毒SpltMNPV-gfp。SpltMNPV-gfp感染Spli细胞和斜纹夜蛾幼虫,分别在感染24h和48h后可发现绿色荧光蛋白的表达。该重组病毒的获得,为建立斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒表达体系奠定了基础。     

绿色荧光蛋白表达载体pXS75－GFP的构建及在嗜热四膜虫中的应用

为获得能够用于构建嗜热四膜虫蛋白定位的载体,该研究将GFP基因与镉（Cd2＋）诱导的四膜虫金属硫蛋白基因（MTTl）启动子序列和终止子序列融合,获得表达载体pXS75-GFP。通过同源重组和抗性筛选,pXS75-GFP载体携带的目的基因整合入四膜虫MTTl位点,在cd2＋诱导下实现GFP融合蛋白的可控表达。将α－tubulin基因ATUl克隆JN－pXS75－GFP中,重组质粒pXS75－GFP－ATUl通过基因枪转化入四膜虫细胞,在巴龙霉素筛选下获得稳定的α-tubulin－GFP过表达细胞株。激光共聚焦显微镜观察α－tubulin．GFP的定位,结果显示,α－tubulin—GFP融合蛋白在四膜虫细胞中表达并分布于皮层上,表明pXS75．GFP载体可用于嗜热四膜虫功能蛋白的定位分析。     

Optimization of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression from a lactose-inducible promoter in Lactobacillus casei

An expression vector for Lactobacillus casei has been constructed containing the inducible lac promoter and the gene encoding ultraviolet visible green fluorescent protein (GFP(UV)) as reporter. Different conditions to grow L. casei were assayed and fluorescence as well as total protein synthesized were quantified. The maintenance of neutral pH had the greatest incidence on GFP(UV) expression, followed by aeration and a temperature of 30 degrees C. Environmental factors favoring GFP(UV) accumulation did not exactly correlate with those enhancing fluorescence. Therefore, oxygenation, by stirring the culture, had the greatest influence on the proportion of fluorescent protein, which is in accordance with the structural requirements of this protein. The highest yield obtained was 1.3 microg of GFP per mg of total protein, from which 55% was fluorescent.     

The regulation of Streptococcus mutans glucan-binding protein A expression

The S. mutans GBP-A is hypothesized to be constitutively expressed and to contribute to the sucrose-dependent colonization of S. mutans. To investigate GBP-A expression, a reporter gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) was placed downstream of the gbpA promoter and CAT activity was measured under conditions that would be associated with the sucrose-dependent colonization of S. mutans. Expression of GBP-A was optimal under anaerobiosis and neutral pH conditions, and correlated with optimal growth. The addition of sucrose to the growth medium did not elevate the expression of GBP-A.     

绿色荧光蛋白融合人核糖核酸酶抑制因子表达载体pEGFP-C1-hri的构建及鉴定

目的构建表达绿色荧光蛋白融合人核糖核酸酶抑制因子的表达载体pEGFP—C1—hri,为探讨人核糖核酸酶抑制因子抗肿瘤作用的分子机制打下基础。方法用亚克隆法,将目的片段从表达载体pGEX-6p-1-hri克隆到pEGFP-C1上,用双酶切筛选得到阳性重组质粒pEGFP—C1—hri,用脂质体法将其瞬时转染到小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16中,在荧光显微镜下检测其表达。结果pEGFP—C1—hri中插入了hri序列,绿色荧光高效表达于B16细胞浆中。结论pEGFP—C1—hri表达载体已成功构建。     

Characterization of a suppressor mutation complementing an acid-sensitive mutation in Streptococcus mutans

We isolated a spontaneous suppressor mutant complementing the acid-sensitive phenotype of Streptococcus mutans strain Tn-1, a mutant previously generated in this laboratory, defective in the activity of the dgk-encoded putative undecaprenol kinase. A relatively simple genetic method was developed to identify the suppressor mutation, based on selection for transformants containing two closely linked markers: a selectable allele of the unknown suppressor gene and an antibiotic resistance gene introduced on a suicide plasmid at random sites into the chromosome via homologous recombination. While we have not actually identified the original suppressor mutation, another mutated gene restoring acid resistance has been isolated, which suggests a possible mechanism of suppression.     

绿色荧光报告基因在细胞免疫检测中的应用

将丙肝病毒C E1区基因插入绿色荧光报告基因pEGFP-N1中,构建真核表达重组质粒pEGFP-N1-HCV/C E1。转染小鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0,在荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光融合蛋白的表达情况。结果在细胞浆中出现了绿色荧光,表明目的基因得到表达,再通过G418筛选后大量培养用作细胞毒实验的靶细胞,结果表明以EGFP报告基因作筛选标记制备的靶细胞完全可以满足细胞毒实验要求。     

Metal ion accessibility of histidine-modified superfolder green fluorescent protein expressed in Escherichia coli

Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is frequently utilized for metal ion detection and quantification. To improve the metal binding potential of GFP, three residues (N146, F165, and L201) were substituted to histidines. Each variant responded differently upon interaction with metal ions. More than 80% of N146H, having the most accessible surface area, could bind to immobilized metal ions. However, only F165H exhibited significant differences in quenching by soluble metal ions (22% fluorescence decrease) in comparison with the template protein (12%). These findings can be utilized for designing GFP variants for metal binding and sensor applications.     

GFP在绿色荧光裸鼠不同组织中的表达及分析

目的研究外源绿色荧光蛋白（green fluorescent protein,简称GFP）基因在BALB/c绿色荧光裸鼠主要器官组织中的表达及其差异。方法小动物成像系统和RT-PCR方法检测GFP的组织分布以及荧光表达水平情况。结果经活体荧光影像系统观察及PCR方法检测发现GFP可以在裸鼠多个器官组织中表达,其中在胰腺、心脏、全脑、皮肤、睾丸中表达量较高。结论外源绿色荧光蛋白可以在模型动物体内成功表达且稳定遗传,其中在胰腺组织中高表达。     

The carboxyl terminal domain of Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases prevents secretion in Escherichia coli

The extracellular glucosyltransferases (GTFs) of Streptococcus mutans are not secreted into the periplasmic space of Escherichia coli when the corresponding gtf genes are isolated in the latter organism. The utilization of both deletion analysis and gtfB: phoA fusions indicate that the signal sequences of the GTFs are functional in E. coli. However, these results further suggest that amino acid sequences present in the carboxyl terminus of the GTFs inhibit secretion through the cytoplasmic membrane in E. coli.     

Functional expression of green fluorescent protein derivatives in Halobacterium salinarum

We investigated the applicability of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) of Aequorea victoria as a reporter for gene expression in an extremely halophilic organism: Halobacterium salinarum. Two recombinant GFPs were fused with bacteriorhodopsin, a typical membrane protein of H. salinarum. These fusion proteins preserved the intrinsic functions of each component, bacteriorhodopsin and GFP, were expressed in H. salinarum under conditions with an extremely high salt concentration, and were proved to be properly localized in its plasma membrane. These results suggest that GFP could be used as a versatile reporter of gene expression in H. salinarum for investigations of various halophilic membrane proteins, such as sensory rhodopsin or phoborhodopsin.