蓄势待发的印度生物技术产业

目前正是印度生物技术产业发展的关键时期。虽然其产业规模不大,但它的国际地位正在提升。印度的自然资源和智力资源都很丰富,而且在生物技术应用领域已经取得了令人瞩目的成就。印度生物技术公司更加国际化,并且取得了显著的进步,公司将更加注重创新,以实现可持续发展。印度政府已经开始通过增加研发经费和开发人力资源来加速生物技术发展的步伐。     

Considerations for conducting research in agricultural biotechnology

Science has shown its increased vulnerability because of two recent high-profile articles published in major journals on corn produced through biotechnology: a laboratory report suggesting profound consequences to monarch butterfly populations due to Bt corn pollen and a report suggesting transgenic introgression into Mexican maize. While both studies have been widely regarded as having flawed methodology, publishing these studies has created great consternation in the scientific community, regulatory agencies and the general public. There are roles and responsibilities of scientists, scientific journals, the public media, public agencies, and those who oppose or advocate a specific technology, and serious consequences when those roles and responsibilities go awry. Modern communication may exacerbate the flow of misinformation and easily lead to a decline in public confidence about biotechnology and science. However, common sense tells us that scientific inquiry and the publication and reporting of results should be performed with high standards of ethical behavior, regardless of one's personal perspective on agricultural biotechnology.     

A special report on India's biotech scenario: Advancement in biopharmaceutical and health care sectors

India's biotechnology industry has been growing towards new heights in conjunction with the recent economic outburst. The country has the potential to revolutionize biopharmaceutical and healthcare sectors. In this review, we have highlighted the achievements of India's biotechnology industry, especially biopharmaceutical and healthcare sectors that include therapeutics, diagnostics, stem cell research, human healthcare related bioinformatics and animal health care. We have also described regulatory mechanisms involved in India's health care biotech including manpower development.     

Knowledge of,and Attitudes Towards Health-related Biotechnology Applications Amongst Australian Year 10 High School Students

Modern biotechnology has a large and rapidly increasing impact on society. New advances in genetics, stem cells and other areas hold great potential for human health but also presenting socioscientific issues that commonly divide public opinion. While knowledge is necessary to develop informed opinions about biotechnology, they may also be influenced by polarized discourse and fiction in the media. Here, we examined prior knowledge about and attitudes towards health-related biotechnological applications in Year 10 high school students from Western Australia using online questionnaires. The impact of teaching on students’ understanding was tested by repeating the questionnaire after a lesson. Finally, students’ argumentation skills were examined by recording responses to statements about biotechnological applications. We found that, prior to instruction, most students exhibited a reasonable understanding of biotechnology. There was little evidence for alternative conceptions, and instruction led to a diversification in understanding. Attitudes towards biotechnology were generally positive but varied. Despite interest in biotechnological issues, argument for positions was generally cognitive-affective in nature. Consequently, biotechnology is a relevant topic for science education, and presents excellent opportunities to build on pre-existing knowledge. Rather than expanding students’ knowledge, our results suggest educators should focus on deepening existing understanding and strengthening argumentation skills.     

香蕉生物技术研究现状与展望

本文对香蕉生物技术研究现状进行了全面的概括,包括微繁殖、脱病毒、人工种子、诱变育种、单克隆抗体用于病毒检测、转基因受体及基因转化等,并对今后香蕉生物技术的发展重点进行了讨论。     

北京生物技术产业发展研究

生物技术及其相关产业是北京重点发展的高新技术领域之一.“九五”以来北京在该领域取得了稳步发展,具有研发、人才和临床优势.概述了近年来北京生物技术领域在研究、产业、政策等领域的发展现状,提出了目前北京在该领域发展面临的主要问题,并以此为基础为北京市该领域未来发展提出了相关建议.     

加入WTO后我国生物技术产业发展战略

加入WTO后,我国生物技术产业将面临严峻的机遇与挑战,如何面对这一实际情况及采取哪些措施将直接影响目前还处于发展初期的我国生物技术产业,并对我国21世纪生物技术产业的可持续发展具有重要的意义,本文论述了我国生物技术产业发展现状,存在问题及国外发达国家生物技术产业发展现状,政策及法规,提出了加入WTO后适合我国国情的生物技术产业发展战略的建议。     

超声波在生物工程中的应用

研究发现在酶和细胞催化的生物反应过程中,较低强度的超声作用可提高酶的催化活性或加速细胞的代谢过程。本文主要简述超声波作用的物理机制并对其在生物工程中的应用前景进行讨论。     

国外生物技术产业发展政策研究

全球生物技术产业尚处于发展时期,政府的政策对技术的进步和产业的发展有明显的导向和促进作用。对美国、欧洲等国家和地区的产业政策进行综合研究,发现这些生物技术产业相对发达的国家和地区,尤其是美国,其产业政策已成体系,而且可操作性强,对产业的推动作用明显,具有相当的可借鉴意义。从组织管理结构、科研投入机制、鼓励研发创新、财税支持方式、资本市场培育、产业基地建设、中介服务网络构建、人才培养与引进、以及国际合作等方面对国际上行之有效的生物技术产业政策进行了归纳分析 。     

生物技术与我国农业发展

从国际农业生物技术的发展趋势,看农业生物技术在现代中国农业发展中的重要地位和作用。分析了我国农业生物技术发展的现状和面临的挑战,提出在日益激烈的国际农业竞争环境中,我国农业生物技术的发展战略和措施 。     

向日葵生物技术研究进展

本文在广泛收集向日葵生物技术研究文献的基础上,对向日葵茎尖培养、幼胚培养、子房培养和原生质体培养的结果做了综述,并对向日葵基因工程做了简要介绍,提出向曰葵生物技术发展方向。     

水稻营养品质的改良

稻米是我国的主要食粮 ,但其蛋白质含量低、营养不够全面 ,满足不了人们对营养的需求。长期以来 ,人们一直采用传统的育种方法来选育高蛋白质的水稻新品种 ,但收效不大。近年来 ,水稻遗传转化技术的飞速发展和不断完善 ,应用生物技术改良水稻营养品质已逐步变为现实 ,并显示出诱人的前景。综述了利用生物技术进行水稻营养品质改良的途径、研究进展 ,并指出在水稻营养品质改良中存在的问题及解决途径。     

生物技术在芸苔属油料作物中的应用

芸苔属作物的可塑性已经被人类应用于杂交育种和筛选新品种 ,从而创造了一系列新品种。其中两个最主要的类型就是芸苔属油料作物和芸苔属蔬菜作物。大多数的生物技术已被应用于芸苔属油料作物中 ,现对生物技术在芸苔属油料作物中的进展作一个详述。     

生物技术在传统药材生产中的应用前景

生物技术在传统药材生产中的应用前景刘涤胡之璧（上海中医药大学中药生物工程研究室,上海２０００３２）我国的中药材是一个具有数千年历史的医药宝库,至今仍在中国和许多国家和地区广为使用。传统药材中,８０％为野生资源,但由于盲目挖掘,不仅使野生资源日益减少,而且严重破坏了自然界的生态平衡;人工种植又面临品质退化,农药污染和种子带病等问题。而且,人工种植的药材,活性成分的种类和数量往往因地区及气候不同...     

Progress and potential in the biotechnology of lactic acid bacteria

Abstract: Current activities and future prospects for the biotechnology of lactic acid bacteria are reviewed. Genetic engineering technology, including advances and limitations of plasmid vectors and chromosomal integration strategies are discussed together with the status of gene expression and the importance of in vivo gene transfer systems and transposition. Areas of biotechnological application considered include proteolysis and flavour generation, bacteriophage resistance, antimicrobials, metabolic engineering and the possible uses of lactic acid bacteria in relation to health.