435例产妇产后相关激素水平的调查研究及闭经风险和抑郁状况的关系研究

目的:研究435例产妇产后相关激素水平及可能发生闭经的风险,并探讨其与抑郁状况的关系,为临床诊疗提供依据。方法:选取2017年3月到2019年5月期间我院收治的435例产妇为研究对象,根据出血情况将产妇分为出血≥400 m L组(n=26)和出血400 m L组(n=409),根据生产产程将产妇分为产程≥36h组(n=34)和产程36h组(n=401),根据催产素应用情况将产妇分为催产素用量≥20U组(n=41)和催产素用量20U组(n=394),根据是否发生产后抑郁将产妇分为产后抑郁组(n=69)和无产后抑郁组(n=366),检测并对比所有产妇血清中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成激素(LH)、泌乳素(PRL)以及雌二醇(E_2)水平。结果:出血≥400 m L组FSH、LH水平显著高于出血400 m L组,出血≥400 m L组E_2水平显著低于出血400 m L组(P0.05);产程≥36h组FSH、LH水平显著高于产程36h组,产程≥36h组E_2水平显著低于产程36h组(P0.05);催产素用量≥20U组FSH、LH水平显著高于催产素用量20U组,催产素用量≥20U组E_2水平显著低于催产素用量20U组,(P0.05);产后抑郁组FSH、LH水平显著高于无产后抑郁组,产后抑郁组的E_2水平显著低于无产后抑郁组(P0.05);不同组分的PRL水平比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:出血量≥400 m L、产程≥36h和催产素用量≥20U可能是闭经的风险因素,而产后抑郁可能降低产妇的卵巢功能。     

GnRH-A免疫与母兔生殖激素浓度的变化

目的探讨促性腺激素释放激素类似物（GnRH-A）对动物生殖功能调节的效果和作用机制。方法 24只日本大耳白兔分为四组,分别在实验Ⅰ组（EG-I）、实验Ⅱ组（EG-II）和实验III（EG-III）组兔的颈背侧注射1.0 mL（100、100和50μg/mL）GnRH-A抗原,实验II组和实验III组于第3周以原剂量加强注射一次,用ELISA法测定血清GnRH抗体效价、促卵泡刺激素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）含量。结果注射GnRH-A后10 d实验组兔均出现GnRH抗体,而对照组未检测到;EG-I在第30天达到高峰,而EG-II和EG-III于40～50 d至峰值,但在实验结束时（70 d）实验组均高于对照组,40～70 d时EG-II显著高于EG-I和EG-III。30～50 d时EG-II的LH明显高于EG-I和EG-III及对照组。EG-II和EG-III的FSH浓度在40 d达到峰值,但EG-II高于EG-I、对照组及EG-III,EG-I和对照组无显著差异。结论兔体内注射GnRH-A可以明显提高GnRH抗体效价,增强LH和FSH的合成与分泌,加强注射效果更明显,且与注射剂量相关,持续时间为40 d左右。     

酪氨酸对男子血清促性腺激素和睾酮浓度的影响

给成年男子(n=5)口服酪氨酸300mg/日,共6天,第四天肌注 LRH-A 150μg/人,用RIA 法测定其血清 LH、FSH 和睾酮浓度。与对照组(n=5)相比,酪氨酸对 LH 和 FSH 的基础水平和 LRH-A 诱发的 LH 峰和 FSH 峰均无明显影响。睾酮的基础水平稍有升高,而酪氨酸对 LRH-A 引起的睾酮水平升高有明显的抑制作用。结果提示,酪氨酸可不通过垂体而直接作用于睾丸以影响睾酮的分泌。     

长江江豚某些血清生殖激素的初步研究

本文首次报道了３～４月份长江江豚（Ｎｅｏｐｈｏｃａｅｎａｐｈｏｃａｅｎｏｉｄｅｓ）某些血清生殖激素的研究结果。性成熟雄性江豚血清睾酮浓度在２．６４ｎｇ／ｍｌ和９．４０ｎｇ／ｍｌ之间波动。雌性未成熟个体不能测出血清雌二醇,性成熟个体均能测出血清雌二醇,妊娠个体血清孕酮浓度可达３０．５９ｎｇ／ｍｌ以上     

人工饲养条件下白鱀豚雌雄个体某些血清生殖激素的初步研究

外国鲸类学家,根据血清皋丸酮浓度变化研究了雄性宽吻海豚(Tursiops truncatus Montagu)和长吻原海豚(Stenella lonqirostris Gray)的生殖季节性1,2,并且提出了雄性宽吻海豚血清翠酮浓度与其精子密度之间互为反比关系3.       

Twenty-four-Hour Rhythms of Serum Acth,Prolactin, Growth Hormone,and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone,and of Median-Eminence Norepinephrine,Dopamine, and Serotonin,in Rats Injected with Freund's Adjuvant

The effect of Freund's adjuvant injection on 24-h variation of circulating ACTH, prolactin, growth hormone (GH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and of norepinephrine (NE) content, and dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5HT) turnover in median eminence, was examined in adult rats kept under light between 0800 and 2000 h daily. Groups of 6–10 animals Freund's complete adjuvant or its vehicle at 1 lOOh 3 days before sacrifice and were killed by decapitation at six different time intervals throughout a 24-h cycle. In rats injected with adjuvant's vehicle, serum ACTH and prolactin exhibited peak values around the light-dark transition (p < 0.0001 and < 0.04, respectively), while the maximum in TSH was found in the late afternoon (p < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA). GH levels did not vary on a 24-h basis. In Freund's adjuvant-injected rats, 24-h variations of TSH levels became blunted, while 24-h variations of prolactin and ACTH persisted. Freund's adjuvant augmented serum ACTH and prolactin levels, and decreased GH and TSH levels (p < 0.0007, factorial ANOVA). Median-eminence NE content, and turnover of DA, assessed by measuring dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, DOPAC/DA ratio, and of 5HT, assessed by measuring 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, HIAA/5HT ratio, varied on a 24-h basis in rats receiving adjuvant's vehicle (p < 0.02). Median-eminence NE content attained its maximum at 1600–2000 h, while maxima in DOPA/DA and HIAA/5HT ratios occurred at 0400 h. Injection with Freund's adjuvant reduced the amplitude of the daily variation of NE content, shifted the maximum of DOPAC/DA ratio toward the light-dark transition, and blunted the daily variation in HIAA/5HT ratio in median eminence. The administration at 1200 of the immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine (5 mg/kg, 5 days) restored the augmented ACTH and prolactin levels (p < 0.0001, factorial ANOVA) and depressed GH and TSH levels (p < 0.02) found in Freund's adjuvant-injected rats. Cyclosporine was also effective in restoring 24-h rhythmicity of serum ACTH and TSH, but not of prolactin, levels. Cyclosporine did not modify the effect of Freund's adjuvant on time-of-day changes of median-eminence NE content, but it was effective in counteracting the changes of DA and 5HT turnover found after immunization. The results are compatible with a significant effect of immune-mediated inflammatory response at an early phase after Freund's adjuvant injection on ACTH, GH, prolactin, and TSH release, which is partially sensitive to immunosuppression by cyclosporine. (Chronobiology International, 14(3), 253–265, 1997)     

中国四川二郎山地区有瓣蝇类地理垂直分布

1980~2000年调查四川二郎山地区有瓣蝇类(Calyptratae)地理垂直分布。共获成蝇7科88属264种,本文优选其中代表性蝇类30种,以分析其地理垂直分布情况。结果发现因各蝇种特有生态习性的不同而各自在不同垂直地带表现不同的虫口数量分布。     

醋酸亮丙瑞林对子宫内膜异位症患者血清雌二醇、孕酮及黄体生成素水平的影响

目的:研究醋酸亮丙瑞林对子宫内膜异位症患者血清雌二醇、孕酮及黄体生成素水平的影响。方法:选取2016年10月至2017年9月我院收治的84例子宫内膜异位症患者,根据患者入院顺序分为观察组和对照组,每组42例。观察组使用醋酸亮丙瑞林治疗,对照组使用炔雌醇环丙孕酮片。比较两组患者的临床疗效,治疗前后痛经评分、血清雌二醇、孕酮、黄体生成素、TGF-β、IL-4、IL-10、IL-17水平的班花及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组临床总有效率显著高于对照组[90.48%(38/42) vs.64.29%(27/42)](P0.05)。两组患者治疗后痛经评分、雌二醇、孕酮、黄体生成素、TGF-β、IL-4及IL-10水平均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后血清IL-17水平及不良反应发生率与治疗前相比均无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:与炔雌醇环丙孕酮片相比,醋酸亮丙瑞林能有效提高子宫内膜异位症患者的临床疗效,降低其血清雌二醇、孕酮及黄体生成素水平,改善患者的痛经情况,且安全性较高。     

氯化镧对牛血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、生长激素、胰岛素、三碘甲腺原氨酸和四碘甲状腺原氨酸浓度的影响

选用36头平均体重420 kg,年龄2.5岁的中国西门答尔阉牛,采用随机区组设计分为4组,以混合精料和风干玉米秸秆为基础日粮,研究日粮中添加不同水平氯化镧对西门答尔阉牛营养物质消化、血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、生长激素、胰岛素、三碘甲腺原氨酸和四碘甲状腺原氨酸浓度的影响。结果表明:实验至第60天时,每天添加0.9 g氯化镧的饲粮有机物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率较对照组和其它处理组分别提高了8.09%、7.13%、15.20%、9.47%、13.09%和20.48%,血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性较对照组和其它处理组显著提高了8.22、3.95和5.04个单位,血清生长激素、胰岛素浓度、三碘甲腺原氨酸和四碘甲状腺原氨酸浓度均显著高。     

生态系统的冗余与营养结构模型

生态系统的冗余与营养结构模型党承林黄瑞复（云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所,昆明６５００９１）ＲｅｄｕｎｄａｎｃｙｉｎＥｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓａｎｄｔｈｅＭｏｄｅｌｆｏｒＴｒｏｐｈｉｃＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ．ＤａｎｇＣｈｅｎｇｌｉｎ,ＨｕａｎｇＲｕｉｆｕ（Ｉｎ...     

九寨沟自然保护区川金丝猴的分布及种群数量

2014年2月至5月,对四川省九寨沟自然保护区野生川金丝猴的种群分布、数量及其社会结构进行调查,初步探讨该种群与其他种群在外部形态和社会结构方面的差异性。采用"V"型路线法调查,发现九寨沟保护区共有川金丝猴4群。然后结合长时间的持续跟踪观察,证实家庭单元19个,全雄群3个,能区分不同个体296只。OMU大小平均为12.7只,其中OMU内的成年个体占38%,青少年个体占53%,幼仔占9%。成年与青少年比例为1∶1.39,成年雌雄的比例为3.84∶1。与秦岭种群的外部形态相比,该种群的成年雄性更为壮大,毛发弯曲程度明显;成年雌性毛发略显灰黑色,金黄色暗淡,大部分个体嘴角长有很小的肉瘤;青少年个体毛色泛白。亦发现九寨沟种群倾向于选择海拔偏高(2400—3550 m)的针叶林带活动。     

福建漳江口水环境中滴滴涕（DDTs）的分布与溯源

采用气相色谱(GC-ECD)方法分析了漳江口水环境中表层水、沉积物和水生生物体内滴滴涕(DDTs)的污染水平,初步研究了其在多介质中的含量、转移分配规律,并根据其沿江分布规律、组成特征,结合三氯杀螨醇同步调查结果进行了溯源分析.结果表明: 漳江口表层水中的DDTs平均含量为枯水期10.5 ng·L^-1(未检出～20.1 ng·L^-1)、丰水期28.3 ng·L^-1 (未检出～45.2 ng·L^-1)、平水期5.03 ng·L^-1 (未检出～18.8 ng·L^-1);表层沉积物中DDTs含量(以干质量计)为1.87～144 ng·g^-1,平均17.3 ng·g^-1;11种水生生物中DDTs的含量范围为1.09～432 ng·g^-1,平均37.0 ng·g^-1.与其他地区相比,漳江口表层水和沉积物中的DDTs残留属于中等水平.DDT在沉积物中的富集因子为1185;在生物体中的富集因子平均为2534,富集能力依次为水生植物<虾类<贝类<鱼类.DDTs沿江分布基本呈下降趋势,推断其残留与船舶防污剂释放关系不大,主要来源于陆源性污染.组成特征分析显示,漳江口DDTs主要来源于环境中的早期残留,而Y-8站(江心岛后)近期有新的DDTs输入,可能与三氯杀螨醇的使用有关.同步调查结果显示,Y-8站表层水和沉积物中均检出三氯杀螨醇,且含量最高,近期存在三氯杀螨醇的施用.     

云南白草岭鼠形小兽群落结构及垂直分布

对云南白草岭鼠形小兽群落结构,垂直分布及动物区系进行了调查,结果共捕获小兽21种1028只,隶属于啮齿目(Rodenria)鼠科（Muridae）10种,仓鼠科（Cricetidae)2种,松鼠科（Sciuridae)2种;食虫目（Insectivora）Juqin科（Soricdae)6种,鼹科（Talpidae)1种。其中东洋界15种,占71．43％,古北界4种,占19．04％,广布种2种,占9．53％,各个垂直带鼠形小兽群落物种多样性指数分别为,Ⅰ,云南松林及山坡耕作地带（2000－2650m)1.3814;Ⅱ。温凉性针阔叶混交林带（2650－3150m)1．6126;Ⅲ．苍山冷杉林带（3150－3500m)1．3488;Ⅳ。亚高山灌丛草甸带（3500－3657m）1．5085。云南白草岭优势种主要由齐氏姬鼠（Aopdemus chevieri)、中华姬鼠（A.draco)、大耳姬鼠（A.latronum)、大绒鼠（Eothenomys miletus)和昭通绒鼠（E.olitor)5种组成。     

The Evolution and Distribution of Subfam. Spiraeoideae (Rosaceae) of China,with Special Reference to Distribution of the Subfamily in the World

The subfam. Spiraeoideae, consisting of 22 genera and more than 260 species in the world,is the most primitive subfamily of Rosaceae. It has developed into two groups,i.e. evergreen and deciduous ones, of which eight genera and 100 species in China are totally deciduous. In the present paper, the origin,evolution and distribution of the Chinese genera is discussed mainly, and the distribution of the whole subfamily in the floristic regions of the world is also mentioned. Based on evolutionary trends of morphological characters, Spiraea L. is considered as the most primitive genus in the deciduous group of subfam. Spiraeoideae, from which some genera are been derived, the systematic position and evolutionary relationships between different genera are elucidated in this paper. Through the analysis on the geographical distribution of the genera in China, the areal types may be divided as follows: (1) North Temperate Type: Spiraea, Physocarpus, Aruncus. (2) East Asian and North American Disjunct Type: Sorbaria. (3) Mediterranean, West Asian (or Central Asia) and East Asian Type: Sibiraea. (4) Temperate Asian Type: Exochorda.(5) East Asian Type: (a) Sino Himalayan Distribution: Neillia; (b) Sino Japan Distribution: Stephanandra. After analysis of the distribution of subfam. Spiraeoideae in the world, it is shown that the Eastern Asiatic Region, being the richest in genera, species and endemic species of the world,is not only the center of distribution and differentiation,but also an important region for occurrence and development of some deciduous genera of this subfamily, while in North America, the Madrean Region and Rocky Mountain Region, genera, species and endemic species are abundant, which indicates that the western part of North America is also the distribution center of this subfamily at the present, but it may be the secondary center of distribution. It can be seen that the relatively primitive and evergreen g enera, i.e. Quillaja and Kageneckia, are now confined to South America. The fact implies that the South America may be the region for early differentiation and development of the evergreen genera in Subfam. Spiraeoideae. The analysis of Chinese plants has shown that China has the most members of the subfamily in Eastern Asiatic Region, with eight genera, 82 species and 62 endemic species and that the maximum concentration is in western Sichuan, northwestern Yunnan and their adjacent areas. It is very obvious that the center of distribution and diversity of Subfam. Spiraeoideae in China lies in the Hengduan Mountain Region of Sino Himalayan Forest Subkingdom and the western part of Sino Japan Forest Subkingdom, where may be the birthplace of some genera in China. It may be considered that the deciduous genera of Subfam. Spiraeoideae might have originated in Laurasia.According to the fossil records, the time of origin of Subfam.Spiraeoideae dates back to the Lower Cretaceous.     

甘油三酯葡萄糖乘积指数、红细胞分布宽度、血清尿酸、降钙素原与冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度和短期预后的关系分析

摘要 目的：探讨甘油三酯葡萄糖乘积（TyG）指数、红细胞分布宽度（RDW）、血清尿酸（UA）、降钙素原（PCT）与冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度和短期预后的关系。方法：选取2017年1月至2021年12月我院收治的150例冠心病患者,均行冠状动脉造影并以Gensini积分系统评估冠状动脉狭窄程度,分为轻度组、中度组和重度组,比较各组的TyG指数、RDW、UA、PCT水平,以Pearson相关系数分析上述指标与Gensini积分的相关性。患者出院后均随访6个月,根据有无发生主要心血管不良事件（MACE）分为预后良好组和预后不良组,以多因素Logisitc回归分析预后的影响因素,以受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析对预后的预测效能。结果：不同冠状动脉狭窄程度患者的TyG指数、RDW、UA、PCT水平差异均表现为,从轻度到重度依次升高（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示,冠心病患者的TyG指数、RDW、UA、PCT水平与Gensini积分均呈正相关（P＜0.05）。预后不良组的甘油三酯（TG）、Gensini积分、TyG指数、RDW、UA、PCT水平均高于预后良好组（P＜0.05）;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,TG≥3.5 mmol/L、Gensini积分≥30分、TyG指数≥5、RDW≥12.8%、UA≥380 μmol/L、PCT≥35 μg/L是冠心病患者预后不良的危险因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,TyG指数、RDW、UA、PCT单独及联合预测冠心病患者预后不良的曲线下面积分别为0.786、0.793、0.794、0.789和0.948,联合预测效能明显更高。结论：冠心病患者的TyG指数、RDW、血UA、PCT水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,其均为患者短期预后的影响因素,联合检测上述指标对患者短期预后有一定预测价值。