一株新的耐辐射菌Deinococcus guangxiensis sp.nov.的分离鉴定及耐辐射特性分析

摘要：【目的】从广西大学辐射中心辐射源附近被常年辐射的水样中分离并鉴定出新的耐辐射菌株,并对其耐辐射特性进行研究。【方法】通过GBM培养基分离培养得到一株新的耐辐射菌株,命名为WGR700T。应用生理生化试验,脂肪酸含量,(G+C) mol％含量测定以及16S rRNA序列同源性分析等方法对菌株进行鉴定,同时对WGR700T的耐辐射特性进行分析。【结果】菌株WGR700T为革兰氏阴性,杆状,没有鞭毛,不能运动,厌氧并能产生红色素。最佳生长温度和PH分别为37℃和pH7.0,主要的呼吸醌是MK-8,细胞壁内还有鸟氨酸,主要脂肪酸为16:1ω7c, 16:0, 15:1ω6c, iso-15:0和 iso-17:0。G+C含量为64.7mol%。菌株WGR700T具有很强的UV(>728 J/m2)和电离辐射抗性(D10 = 9.8 kGy)。菌株WGR700T和奇异球菌属（Deinococcus）内其它菌种16S rRNA有很高的相似性（87.1-95.6%）。【结论】根据16S rRNA及生理生化特征区别,菌株WGR700T应是奇异球菌属的一个新种,命名为Deinococcus guangxiensis sp. nov. 模式菌株为WGR700T(= CGMCC1.7045T =CICC 10360T = JCM 15082T)。     

产抑菌物质SDLH菌株的鉴定及发酵产物稳定性研究

目的：对1株产抑菌物质的中华稻蝗内生菌SDLH进行鉴定,并对其发酵产物稳定性进行研究。方法：通过观察生长情况及菌落特征形态学、氨基酸利用、糖发酵、脱羧酶反应生理等生化检测以及16S rDNA序列测定对菌株SDLH进行分类鉴定,并在不同条件（温度、pH、光照等）下测定其发酵产物的抑菌稳定性。结果：菌株SDLH符合肠杆菌科细菌的一般特征;生理生化特征均与Serratia marcescens的特征基本一致;菌株SDLH的16S rDNA序列长度为1 457bp。Gene bank序列登录号为EU525929。其序列在1 457bp范围内与已知的模式菌株粘质沙雷氏菌（AB244291.1）16S rDNA序列部分有100%的相似性。其发酵产物在温度（40℃~60℃）下抑菌活性稳定,在高温（≥80℃）下失去活性;在酸性条件（3≤pH〈7）下,抑菌活性无明显变化,在碱性条件（pH≥10）下,抑菌活性下降;光照2~6h后抑菌活性下降。结论：菌株SDLH属于沙雷氏菌属（Serratia）粘质沙雷氏菌（Serratia marces-cens）,其发酵产物具有较强稳定性,可置避光、pH中性、常温环境中短期保存,经提高活性、纯化等处理后可能作为新型天然防腐剂应用于食品领域。     

一株基因克隆干扰菌的鉴定及其发酵液降解DNA活性分析

旨在寻找导致基因克隆失败的原因,检测整个电泳环境中是否存在对DNA有强降解力的菌株。依据菌体形态,革兰氏反应以及16S rDNA序列对DNA降解菌株进行鉴定,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析菌株对DNA的降解活性。结果显示,从DNA电泳槽中分离到了一株菌,革兰氏染色鉴定为阴性菌,对该菌进行液体培养,利用质粒pUC19作为底物,检测该菌发酵液对DNA的降解能力,发现该菌发酵液能够迅速并彻底地降解DNA,其最佳降解温度为45℃,将该菌命名为DD(DNA degrading)。对该菌的16S rDNA进行测序比对后,发现其与粘质沙雷氏菌(Serrtia marcescens)的16S rDNA序列同源性高达100%。结合菌体形态,革兰氏反应以及16S rDNA序列结果,DD菌株为一株粘质沙雷氏菌,DNA降解活性分析显示其具有很强的DNA降解能力。     

一种短杆状耐辐射菌的分离与鉴定

从北京地区公园湖岸土壤中分离到一株橙红色杆状耐辐射菌,细胞壁革兰氏染色为阴性,电镜显示菌体大小为06μm～16μm,略大于日本学者报道的Deinobacter grandis菌,过氧化氢酶的含量和分子量不同于D.radiodurans R1菌,分离菌的(G+C)mol%含量为707%, 16S rDNA序列分析表明,分离到的杆状耐辐射菌(RR5332)16S rRNA基因序列与Deinobacter grandis菌高度同源,提示RR5332归于Deinobacter菌属,并可能是该菌属中的一个新种。     

一株抗MRSA内生细菌的鉴定及其活性物质

根据生理生化特征和16S rDNA序列,对一株从新疆苦豆子Sophora alopecuroides中分离的、对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)具有较强拮抗作用的内生细菌菌株KDNB6进行鉴定;并通过硅胶柱、凝胶柱层析从该菌发酵产物中分离纯化了抗MRSA的活性物质。结果表明菌株KDNB6各项特征与粘质沙雷氏菌Serratia marcescens最为接近,鉴定为S.marcescens。从菌株KDNB6的代谢产物中分离到一个抗MRSA的活性成分。     

一株产红色素菌株及对其红色素结构的鉴定

从土壤中分离到一株产红色素的细菌H31,根据该菌株的16S rDNA序列与GenBank中已有序列比对的结果,并结合菌落形态和常规生理生化鉴定方法对该菌株进行鉴定,结果表明:该菌在细菌分类学上属于肠杆菌科,其与黏质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)同源性最高,但该菌株生理生化实验中的赖氨酸脱羧酶、鸟氨酸脱羧酶以及精氨酸双水解酶实验与报道的S. marcescens的结果不一致,为一株新的黏质沙雷氏菌S. marcescens H31。通过紫外光谱、质谱和核磁共振等方法分析,确定其产生的红色素为灵菌红素。     

中药中耐辐射微生物的分离与鉴定

从中成药(金锁丸)中分离获得一种耐辐射的细菌。经过形态观察、生理生化特征分析及16 S rDNA碱基序列测定和同源性分析,鉴定该菌株为弯曲芽孢杆菌(Bacillus flexus),该菌株的16 S rDNA序列已在Gen-Bank中注册,登录号为AB021185.1。     

栖北散白蚁致病菌的分离鉴定与特性研究

[目的]了解散白蚁头部发红且死亡的原因,探究致病菌特性.[方法]从头部发红的散白蚁中分离菌株、培养并纯化,通过显微形态、革兰氏染色及16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定菌株种类.进一步探究菌株产生红色素的条件并通过液相色谱和质谱联用等方法鉴定发酵产物.[结果]散白蚁鉴定为栖北散白蚁Reticulitermes speratus.从该白蚁头部分离得到一株产红色素的革兰氏阴性细菌RS.16S rDNA序列分析表明RS菌株为黏质沙雷氏菌Serratiamarcescens.RS菌株不同于其它大多黏质沙雷氏菌,在37℃仍然产生红色素.HPLC检测分析红色素为灵菌红素.[结论]本文首次报道从栖北散白蚁分离纯化一株产生灵菌红素的黏质沙雷氏RS菌,研究结果为灵菌红素的生产及散白蚁生物防治技术的研发提供了新的思路.     

红色素高产菌株分子鉴定及其稳定性研究

从土壤中分离得到一株高产红色素菌株jX1,鉴定结果表明:该菌在分类学上属于肠杆菌科,其16S rDNA序列与沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcesens)同源性最高.实验通过全波段扫描、红外光谱、TCL、LC/MS等对此红色素进行结构鉴定.确定含有灵菌红素,并研究该色素在不同条件(光照、温度,pH、金属离子、防腐剂,氧化剂、还原剂、食品添加剂)下的稳定性,以便为其进一步开发应用提供基础数据.     

兼性厌氧纤维素菌的分离与系统发育分析

从四川卧龙中国保护大熊猫研究中心提供的野外放归大熊猫“祥祥”的粪样中,分离到一株产纤维素酶的兼性厌氧菌株。该菌株经初步生理生化鉴定为肠杆菌科沙雷氏菌（Serratia）,命名为Serratia JF-1116。用PCR技术扩增了该菌的16S rDNA全序列,并对其进行了克隆和测序,对该序列在GenBank中的BLAST结果表明,所有与该序列高度同源的序列均为肠杆菌科的16SrDNA基因序列,选取同源性高的菌株的16SrDNA基因序列进行系统发育分析,菌株与3株Serratia聚类在一起。     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.