湖南地区HBV患者MHC-Ⅰ类链相关基因A第五外显子微卫星多态性研究

分别提取湖南汉族人群108例慢性乙肝病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)患者、96例HBV携带者和142例健康对照者外周血基因组DNA,利用聚合酶链反应和基因扫描技术分别对它们的主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰ类链相关A(major histocompatibility complex class Ⅰ chain related A,MICA)基因第5外显子进行微卫星多态性分析;应用DNA测序分析对不同的基因型进行验证,同时应用PCR/SSP技术进行MICA*Del检测,确定MICA基因第5外显子基因型.发现本研究的三组中分别检出A4、A5、A5.1、A6、A9五种等位基因,且以A5和A5.1为主;在HBV携带组和健康对照组中分别检出MICA* Del基因.结果同时显示慢性HBV患者组MICA*A5.1/A9基因型频率、慢性HBV患者组的MICA*A9等位基因频率、慢性HBV患者组MICA* A9表型频率和HBV携带组MICA*A5.1/A9基因型频率均低于相应的健康对照组;而湖南地区汉族人群HBV携带者和慢性HBV患者间的基因型频率、等位基因频率和表型频率无显著性差异;因而推测MICA*A5.1/A9基因型和MICA*A9等位基因可能是抗HBV感染的一种保护性等位基因.为今后进一步研究HBV的感染、预防和治疗提供参考依据.     

MHC Ⅰ链相关分子A/B在胰腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨MHC Ⅰ链相关分子A/B(MICA/B)在胰腺癌(PDA)组织中的表达及其与胰腺癌发生发展的相关性.方法:应用免疫组化检测MICA/B在胰腺癌中的表达,分析MICA/B与胰腺癌临床病理学特征的相关性.结果:MICA/B在PDA组织中的阳性表达率为89.58%(43/48),而慢性胰腺炎和正常胰腺组织中不表达或微弱表达,癌组织与慢性胰腺炎及正常胰腺组差异显著(x2=36.069,p<0.001).MICA/B在胰腺癌组织中的表达水平与肿瘤的临床分期和病理分级有密切的关系(x2=8.398,10.000;P=0.015,0.003),在早期、分化较好的胰腺癌组织中MICA/B表达水平较高,而在分化较差的胰腺癌组织中表达水平较低,随着胰腺癌进展,MICA/B从肿瘤细胞表面脱落到癌细胞周围的间质组织中,晚期胰腺癌患者MICA/B的表达水平较低甚至不表达.Spearman等级相关分析显示MICA/B表达程度与分化程度正相关(r=0.331).结论:MICA/B作为诱导蛋白通过MICA/B-NKG2D介导的免疫反应可能在早期清除胰腺癌细胞中起重要作用.但随着肿瘤的进展,MICA/B从肿瘤细胞表面脱落,释放到肿瘤间质组织进而引起肿瘤免疫逃避.因而我们推测,MICA/B-NKG2D介导的免疫监视障碍可能促进了胰腺癌的进展.     

MHCI链相关分子A／B在胰腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨MHCI链相关分子A／B（MICA／B）在胰腺癌（PDA）组织中的表达及其与胰腺癌发生发展的相关性。方法：应用免疫组化检测MICA／B在胰腺癌中的表达,分析MICA／B与胰腺癌临床病理学特征的相关性。结果：MICA／B在PDA组织中的阳性表达率为89．58％（43／48）,而慢性胰腺炎和正常胰腺组织中不表达或微弱表达,癌组织与慢性胰腺炎及正常胰腺组差异显著（X2=36．069,p〈0．001）。MICA／B在胰腺癌组织中的表达水平与肿瘤的临床分期和病理分级有密切的关系（X2=8．398,10．000;P=0．015,0．003）,在早期、分化较好的胰腺癌组织中MICA／B表达水平较高,而在分化较差的胰腺癌组织中表达水平较低,随着胰腺癌进展,MICA／B从肿瘤细胞表面脱落到癌细胞周围的间质组织中,晚期胰腺癌患者MICA／B的表达水平较低甚至不表达。Spearman等级相关分析显示MICA／B表达程度与分化程度正相关（r=0．331）。结论：MICA／B作为诱导蛋白通过MICA／B—NKG2D介导的免疫反应可能在早期清除胰腺癌细胞中起重要作用。但随着肿瘤的进展,MICAfB从肿瘤细胞表面脱落,释放到肿瘤间质组织进而引起肿瘤免疫逃避。因而我们推测,MICA／B-NKG2D介导的免疫监视障碍可能促进了胰腺癌的进展。     

牙鲆GH基因第1外显子区微卫星标记与幼鱼生长性状的相关分析

摘要：以牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）一个养殖群体中的100个个体为研究材料,分析了其GH基因第1外显子区域中微卫星座位的多态性,同时对各基因型与其体重、体长等生长性状进行了关联性分析。结果表明,该外显子微卫星座位具有一定的多态性,共检测到3个等位基因(A、B、C)、5种基因型,这3个等位基因的频...     

组织相容性Ⅰ类相关链A位点基因多态性在预判肾移植物排斥中的意义

目的 研究组织相容性Ⅰ类相关链A位点(MICA)基因多态性和抗MICA特异性抗体在肾移植排斥反应发生中的意义.方法 采用免疫磁珠液相芯片技术对40例肾移植患者在移植术前和移植术后1个月、3个月、6个月、1年和2年动态检测抗MICA抗体的特异性和阳性分值的变化,同时采用SSOP方法分析16对肾移植供受者的MICA基因分型...     

妊娠相关蛋白A、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ基因多态性与子痫前期的易感性和妊娠结局的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨妊娠相关蛋白A（PAPP-A）、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ（PPAR-γ）基因多态性与子痫前期（PE）的易感性和妊娠结局的关系。方法：选取2018年7月至2021年6月石家庄妇幼保健院收治的125例PE患者（PE组）及125例本院同期产检健康孕妇（对照组）,统计并对比两组临床结局,根据PE患者妊娠结局的不同分为不良组和良好组。检测所有研究对象外周血脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）样本中PAPP-A、PPAR-γ基因单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点,并对比PE组与对照组、良好组与不良组SNP位点基因型及等位基因频率,并分析其与PE及PE不良妊娠结局发生的关系。结果：PE组与对照组PPAR-γ基因rs10865710、rs4684847位点及PAPP-A基因rs7020782位点的基因型分布比较有统计学差异,且PE组PPAR-γ基因rs10865710等位基因G、rs4684847等位基因T及PAPP-A基因rs7020782等位基因C频率高于对照组（P＜0.05）;二分类Logistic回归分析显示,PPAR-γ基因rs10865710位点GG基因型（OR=2.641）及G等位基因（OR=1.641）、PPAR-γ基因rs4684847位点CT基因型（OR=3.084）及T等位基因（OR=2.985）、PAPP-A基因rs7020782位点CC基因型（OR=2.104）及C等位基因（OR=1.875）均是PE发生的危险因素（P＜0.05）。PE组总不良妊娠结局发生率为33.60%,显著高于对照组的5.60%（P＜0.05）。不良组与良好组PPAR-γ基因rs10865710、rs4684847位点及PAPP-A基因rs7020782位点的基因型分布比较有统计学差异,且不良组PPAR-γ基因rs10865710等位基因G、rs4684847等位基因T、PAPP-A基因rs7020782等位基因C频率高于良好组（P＜0.05）;二分类Logistic回归分析显示,PPAR-γ基因rs10865710位点GG基因型（OR=2.446）及G等位基因（OR=1.503）、PPAR-γ基因rs4684847位点CT基因型（OR=2.225）及T等位基因（OR=2.013）、PAPP-A基因rs7020782位点CC基因型（OR=2.005）及C等位基因（OR=1.950）均是不良妊娠结局的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：PPAR-γ基因rs10865710、rs4684847位点及PAPP-A基因rs7020782位点可能与PE易感性及PE不良妊娠结局的发生有关,检测两个基因的SNP位点可能有助于评估PE及其不良妊娠结局的发生风险。     

MICA/B蛋白在不同宫颈病变组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨主要组织相容性复合物I类相关蛋白A/B(MICA/B)在不同宫颈病变组织及宫颈细胞系中的表达及定位。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测宫颈炎症组织、高级别鳞状上皮内病变(high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, HSIL)及宫颈鳞癌(cervical squamous cell carcinoma, CSCC)组织中MICA/B蛋白的表达情况。采用免疫荧光化学与激光共聚焦显微术结合的方法研究3种宫颈癌细胞系C33a(HPV-)、Siha(HPV16+)、Hela(HPV18+)及正常宫颈上皮细胞系H8中MICA/B的表达和定位。结果:MICA/B蛋白主要表达定位于细胞浆,部分细胞核,在宫颈鳞癌组织中阳性表达率(83.3%、81.8%)高于宫颈炎症组织(39.3%、44.0%),差异具有统计学意义(均有P0.001);MICA蛋白在HSIL组织的阳性表达率(81.8%)高于宫颈炎症组织(39.3%),差异具有统计学意义(P=0.002);与分化程度、临床分期、淋巴结转移等临床病理参数之间比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:MICA蛋白随着宫颈组织病变的加重阳性表达率逐渐增高,MICB蛋白在宫颈癌组织的表达高于宫颈炎症组织。提示MICA/B蛋白可为宫颈癌的诊断及靶向治疗提供新方向。     

鸡MHC与传染性疾病遗传抗性的相关性研究进展

鸡是我国主要的家禽品种,抗病分子育种在鸡的疾病尤其是传染病控制中有着重要地位,抗性基因选择是其技术关键。鸡主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)基因具有高度多态性,与多种传染性疾病抗性紧密相关,受到家禽育种专家的高度关注。文章介绍国外有关鸡MHC与传染性疾病抗性的相关性及抗性基因研究进展,并展望其在鸡抗病育种中的应用前景。     

Mechanisms of Function of Tapasin,a Critical Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Assembly Factor

For their efficient assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules require the specific assembly factors transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and tapasin, as well as generic ER folding factors, including the oxidoreductases ERp57 and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), and the chaperone calreticulin. TAP transports peptides from the cytosol into the ER. Tapasin promotes the assembly of MHC class I molecules with peptides. The formation of disulfide‐linked conjugates of tapasin with ERp57 is suggested to be crucial for tapasin function. Important functional roles are also suggested for the tapasin transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, sites of tapasin interaction with TAP. We show that interactions of tapasin with both TAP and ERp57 are correlated with strong MHC class I recruitment and assembly enhancement. The presence of the transmembrane/cytosolic regions of tapasin is critical for efficient tapasin–MHC class I binding in interferon‐γ‐treated cells, and contributes to an ERp57‐independent mode of MHC class I assembly enhancement. A second ERp57‐dependent mode of tapasin function correlates with enhanced MHC class I binding to tapasin and calreticulin. We also show that PDI binds to TAP in a tapasin‐independent manner, but forms disulfide‐linked conjugates with soluble tapasin. Thus, full‐length tapasin is important for enhancing recruitment of MHC class I molecules and increasing specificity of tapasin–ERp57 conjugation. Furthermore, tapasin or the TAP/tapasin complex has an intrinsic ability to recruit MHC class I molecules and promote assembly, but also uses generic folding factors to enhance MHC class I recruitment and assembly.     

Major histocompatibility complex class II compatibility,but not class I,predicts mate choice in a bird with highly developed olfaction

Mate choice for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) compatibility has been found in several taxa, although rarely in birds. MHC is a crucial component in adaptive immunity and by choosing an MHC-dissimilar partner, heterozygosity and potentially broad pathogen resistance is maximized in the offspring. The MHC genotype influences odour cues and preferences in mammals and fish and hence olfactory-based mate choice can occur. We tested whether blue petrels, Halobaena caerulea, choose partners based on MHC compatibility. This bird is long-lived, monogamous and can discriminate between individual odours using olfaction, which makes it exceptionally well suited for this analysis. We screened MHC class I and II B alleles in blue petrels using 454-pyrosequencing and quantified the phylogenetic, functional and allele-sharing similarity between individuals. Partners were functionally more dissimilar at the MHC class II B loci than expected from random mating (p = 0.033), whereas there was no such difference at the MHC class I loci. Phylogenetic and non-sequence-based MHC allele-sharing measures detected no MHC dissimilarity between partners for either MHC class I or II B. Our study provides evidence of mate choice for MHC compatibility in a bird with a high dependency on odour cues, suggesting that MHC odour-mediated mate choice occurs in birds.     

SLC30A8基因rsl3266634多态性与内蒙古地区汉族人群2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的：研究内蒙古地区汉族人群SLC30A8（solute carrier family 30,member 8）基因rsl3266634单核苷酸多态性（Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP）的等位基因和基因型频率分布与2型糖尿病（Type 2 diabetes,T2DM）的相关性。方法：采用等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应（AS-PCR）,对222例内蒙古地区汉族人（其中T2DM组125例,正常对照NC组97例）rsl3266634进行基因分型。结果：T2DM组中rsl3266634的C等位基因频率、CC基因型频率分别为61.2%和28.4%,均显著高于NC组的53.1%和24.7%（P值均〈0.05）;而T2DM组的TT基因型频率为6.4%,显著低于NC组的18.6%（P〈0.05）。C等位基因携带者患T2DM的风险是T等位基因的1.64倍（OR=1.64,95%CI=1.125-2.402）。结论：SLC30A8基因rsl3266634多态性位点的C等位基因可能是T2DM的风险等位基因,该位点C/T多态性与内蒙古地区汉族人群T2DM具有相关性,可能是内蒙古地区汉族人T2DM的易感基因之一。     

SLC30A8 基因rsl3266634 多态性与内蒙古地区汉族人群2 型糖尿 病的相关性研究

目的:研究内蒙古地区汉族人群SLC30A8(solute carrier family 30,member 8)基因rsl3266634单核苷酸多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)的等位基因和基因型频率分布与2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes,T2DM)的相关性。方法:采用等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应(AS-PCR),对222例内蒙古地区汉族人(其中T2DM组125例,正常对照NC组97例)rsl3266634进行基因分型。结果:T2DM组中rsl3266634的C等位基因频率、CC基因型频率分别为61.2%和28.4%,均显著高于NC组的53.1%和24.7%(P值均<0.05);而T2DM组的TT基因型频率为6.4%,显著低于NC组的18.6%(P<0.05)。C等位基因携带者患T2DM的风险是T等位基因的1.64倍(OR=1.64,95%CI=1.125-2.402)。结论:SLC30A8基因rsl3266634多态性位点的C等位基因可能是T2DM的风险等位基因,该位点C/T多态性与内蒙古地区汉族人群T2DM具有相关性,可能是内蒙古地区汉族人T2DM的易感基因之一。     

HLA Class I allele frequencies in the Lebanese population

The highly polymorphic Human Leukocyte Antigen system encompasses different loci that have been studied in transplantation as well as diseases and population associated research. This study is the first and largest of its kind to describe the distribution of HLA-A, -B and -C alleles in Lebanon. Respectively, 1994, 1309 and 1163 Lebanese individuals referred for HLA typing and possible bone marrow/kidney donation were tested for HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C alleles using the polymerase chain reaction/Sequence specific priming (PCR-SSP) method. Our data were compared to that of several populations with interesting and common findings shared with the Moroccan, Jordanian, Tunisian, Omani, Korean, Chinese, Japanese, Peruan, Bulgarian, Irish, Polish, Spanish, Swiss, American, African and Brazilian populations. The following data concerning the Lebanese population will help future investigators to study the relation of HLA-A, -B and -C alleles with common diseases in Lebanon and will add to the available international literature. This new data will serve as a major reference report in the region.     

ER stress impairs MHC Class I surface expression and increases susceptibility of thyroid cells to NK-mediated cytotoxicity

We recently reported that, in thyroid cells, ER stress triggered by thapsigargin or tunicamycin, two well known ER stressing agents, induced dedifferentiation and loss of the epithelial phenotype in rat thyroid cells. In this study, we sought to evaluate if, in thyroid cells, ER stress could affect MHC class I expression and the possible implications of this effect in the alteration of function of natural killer cells, suggesting a role in thyroid pathology. In both, a human line of fetal thyroid cells (TAD-2 cells) and primary cultures of human thyroid cells, thapsigargin and tunicamicin triggered ER stress evaluated by BiP mRNA levels and XBP-1 splicing. In both cell types, TAD-2 cell line and primary cultures, major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) plasmamembrane expression was significantly reduced by ER stress. This effect was accompanied by signs of natural killer activation. Thus, natural killer cells dramatically increased IFN-γ production and markedly increased their cytotoxicity against thyroid cells. Together, these data indicate that ER stress induces a decrease of MHC class I surface expression in thyroid cells, resulting in reduced natural killer-cell self-tolerance.