X-ray survey results and costs--A health officer's viewpoint. A preliminary report

The obvious results of a mass chest x-ray survey from a health officer's viewpoint are:1. The early discovery of unknown cases of pathologic conditions of the chest-tuberculosis, neoplasms, heart abnormalities.2. Increase in the community's awareness of its tuberculosis problem.3. Opportunity to work closely with the medical society and the individual private physicians.4. Stimulation of all agencies in a community, health and non-health, to work together on a health project for the good of all of the people.5. Increased cooperation between the local department of public health and other health agencies in a community.6. Opportunity to underline to a staff of a local department of public health the importance of thinking in terms of the department as a whole, rather than in terms of respective divisions or bureaus.7. Opportunity to focus the awareness of the community on its public health services. In relation to costs, there are three aspects from a health officer's viewpoint:1. The planning, together with other agencies, of an adequate budget with full recognition of community resources.2. The planning for estimated expansion of tuberculosis control services both in terms of increased expense for maintenance and operation, and of assignment of personnel to survey staff with resulting curtailment or postponement of other programs.3. The planning for completion of the follow-up program of the x-ray survey and of future continued extension of the total tuberculosis control program as the result of increased community awareness of the tuberculosis problem.     

A simplified cystic fibrosis scoring system (a preliminary report)

The inherent variability in the natural severity of cystic fibrosis (CF) makes each aspect of therapy of this condition difficult to isolate and to evaluate objectively. There is little hope of resolving the problems which arise as a result until a way of measuring the severity of the disease at any one point in time is devised. We present a simplified CF scoring system (analogous to the Apgar scoring system for the newborn) based on five simple measurements.     

A survey of the pathogenic fungi of mycotic infection of the scalp in U.A.R.

Summary 121 cases diagnosed clinically as tinea capitis were examined microscopically and culturally. In 80 cases the causative organism could be cultured.T. violaceum was the causative organism of the majority of the cases as it caused 47.5 % of the cases,T. schoenleinii 31.3 %,M. canis caused 26.1 %,T. tonsurans 1.3 %, whileM. audouinii caused none. In most of the cases ofT. violaceum infection, scaling and mild inflammation were the common clinical manifestation. The black dot or the bald patch appearance was rarely seen. Favus did not necessarily show the characteristic scutulae; in many cases ofT. schoenleinii infection, only few scales and mild inflammation were present.     

An international survey of tissue banking, a preliminary report

International Atomic Energy Agency is currently carrying out a survey on the tissue banking activities from the tissue banking organisations worldwide. The purpose of the survey is to establish regional and global overview of the current tissue banking activities and practices in order to assist the International Atomic Energy Agency to provide further guidance about the use of radiation technology to sterilise tissues as well as to promote better collaboration between the regional tissue banking associations. The survey is an on-going exercise and the preliminary data is presented here. This exercise is not completed and the authors urge the remaining tissue banks to participate in the survey.     

An epizootic of histoplasmosis duboisii (African histoplasmosis) in an American baboon colony.

Histoplasmosis duboisii, a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii, was diagnosed in 21 baboons at a large primate colony in San Antonio, Texas. Diagnosis was based on finding 8 to 15 microns-diameter yeast cells in histologic sections. Therapy with drugs was unsuccessful. Surgical removal of lesions was the primary treatment. Epidemiologic data suggest the incubation period to be at least 9 months. The most likely route of infection was oral and happened during grooming by the baboons.     

A preliminary report on a bacteriological assay for compound 1080 (sodium monofluoroacetate)

A new, inexpensive, simple and rapid bioassay for sodium monofluoroacetate (compound 1080) was developed using bacteria. Two 1080-sensitive isolates ( Bacillus sp. DHW and Acinetobacter sp. DHW) from local aquatic environments were tested on different agar media using the disc diffusion technique. Both bacteria exhibited zones of growth inhibition surrounding the 1080 discs that were linearly proportional to the concentrations (log₁₀) of 1080. Preliminary studies indicate that this technique can be used for assaying 1080 in environmental and biological samples.     

Disseminated histoplasmosis diagnosed by percutaneous needle biopsy of a retroperitoneal lymph node. A case report.

A case of disseminated histoplasmosis diagnosed by percutaneous needle biopsy cytology is reported. The patient presented with fever and pancytopenia. Computed tomography (CT) revealed retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. Cytology smears prepared from a CT-guided screw needle biopsy of one of the lymph nodes showed numerous histiocytes with intracytoplasmic yeast forms consistent with Histoplasma capsulatum. Fungal cultures prepared from additional needle biopsy material confirmed the diagnosis. This case illustrates the utility of needle biopsy in the evaluation of radiographically detected retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy and in the rapid diagnosis of infectious disease in certain clinical settings.     

Pollen morphology in Psychotria (Rubiaceae, Rubioideae, Psychotrieae) and its taxonomic significance. A preliminary survey

The pollen morphology in 168 species of Psychotria (Rubiaceae, Rubiodeae, Psychotrieae) has been investigated using light microscopy and, for 61 of the speices, scanning electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopical studies have been carried out for seven of the species. Psychorria is very heterogeneoous pollen morphologically and pollen grain characteristics cannot be used for the delimination of the basis of aperture morphology, thickness of exine, size of lumina, muri, columellae and bacula, and sculpture. A key to the identificantion of the pollen types is presented and all types are issstrated. The pollen grains in Psychotria are usually 3–to 5colporte, 3-to 5-colpate or inapertuarate, rarely 2–4-or 5-porate, and have an exine that vanes widely in thickness. The sexine is reticulate, microreticulate, tectate-perforate, rugulate or intectate, and smooth or sculptured. Exine morphology presents important characters for the taxonomic subdivision of Psychotria . Previous intrageneric classifications are in part supported by pollen morphology, but contradictions between this and other sets of charactes, such as inflorescence features. are common.     

Cutaneous North American blastomycosis: report of a case from central Canada.

Records of admission to general hospitals throughout Ontario over a six-month period, together with an independently existing list of hemophiliacs known to the Canadian Haemophilia Society, furnish the basis for a statistical estimate of the prevalence of hemophilia in 1966. This is set at 1.44 or more per 10,000 males at birth. It is inferred from age-specific data that the prevalence among the general population may be rising beyond its present level of about 1 per 10,000 living males.     

蔚县盆地2017-2018年旧石器考古调查简报

蔚县盆地地处泥河湾盆地(广义)的东南端,是更新世人类活动的重要区域。2017-2018年,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所等在盆地内开展系统的旧石器考古调查,新发现并确认了27处旧石器地点。相关地貌、地层对比显示,新地点年代可大致分为中更新世和晚更新世晚期两个阶段,文化遗物分别埋藏于泥河湾河湖相堆积和黄土堆积中。中更新世石制品类型包括石核、石片、石器和断块等,原料以火山岩为主,均采用锤击法进行剥片和修理石器;晚更新世晚期遗址包括石核、石片和细石叶等,原料以白云岩和燧石居多,火山岩次之,以硬锤锤击法为主要剥片技术,软锤技术少量发现。对石制品初步分析表明,蔚县盆地中更新世地点表现出了一套与阳原盆地早-中更新世不同的原料及石制品组合,且在蔚县盆地晚更新世晚期存在小型石片石器和细石器两种工业。本次调查扩大了泥河湾盆地古人类活动的地理范围与文化内涵,为揭示泥河湾盆地(广义)早期人类的迁徙与适应行为提供了有价值的线索。