共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
能源植物小桐子赤霉素合成代谢及信号转导相关基因的鉴定及序列分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
赤霉素(gibberellin,GA)是一类非常重要的植物激素,在植物种子萌发、茎干伸长、叶片生长、腺毛发育、花粉成熟、开花诱导和果实成熟等生长发育过程中都发挥着重要的作用。GA在一年生草本植物中可以促进开花,而在大多数多年生木本植物中则抑制成花诱导。为了更好地研究赤霉素在木本油料能源植物小桐子(Jatropha curcas)开花调控方面的作用机理,我们对小桐子整个基因组中参与GA合成代谢和信号转导的全部基因进行了鉴定和序列分析。这些基因包括6个多基因家族编码的蛋白,即GA2氧化酶(GA2-oxidase,GA2ox)、GA3氧化酶(GA3-oxidase,GA3ox)、GA20氧化酶(GA20-oxidase,GA20ox)、GID1(GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1)、DELLAs和F-box蛋白,以及2个单基因编码的蛋白,EL1(EARLY FLOWERING1)和SPY(SPINDLY)。采用拟南芥和水稻中已经鉴定的上述基因编码的蛋白序列在小桐子基因组序列数据库和本实验的小桐子转录组数据库中进行BLASTP分析,找到17个同源蛋白的全长序列,并将其与28个拟南芥的、16个水稻的、24个葡萄的和22个蓖麻的同源蛋白构建系统发育树进行比对分析。结果表明,小桐子中参与赤霉素合成代谢及信号转导的大多数基因与蓖麻和葡萄同源基因的相似度更高。 相似文献
2.
3.
Gibberellins (GAs) play important roles in many essential plant growth and development processes. A family of nuclear growth-repressing DELLA proteins is the key component in GA signaling. GA perception is mediated by GID1, and the key event of GA signaling is the degradation of DELLA proteins via the 26S proteasome pathway. DELLA proteins integrating other plant hormones signaling and environmental cue modulating plant growth and development have been revealed. GA turning on the de-DELLA-repressing system is conserved, and independently establishes step-by-step recruitment of GAstimulated GID1-DELLA interaction and DELLA growth-repression functions during land plant evolution. These discoveries open new prospects for the understanding of GA action and DELLA-mediated signaling in plants. 相似文献
4.
Kai Jiang Hiroaki Shimotakahara Ming Luo Masato Otani Hidemitsu Nakamura Said Salama Moselhy Khalid Omer Abualnaja Abdulrahman Labeed Al-Malki Taha Abduallah Kumosani Nobutaka Kitahata Takeshi Nakano Masatoshi Nakajima Tadao Asami 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2017,27(16):3678-3682
Gibberellin (GA) plays versatile roles in the regulation of plant growth and development and therefore is widely used as a regulator in agriculture. We performed a chemical library screening and identified a chemical, named 67D, as a stimulator of seed germination that was suppressed by paclobutrazol (PAC), a GA biosynthesis inhibitor. In vitro binding assays indicated that 67D binds to the GID1 receptor. Further studies on the structure–activity relationship identified a chemical, named chemical 6, that strongly promoted seed germination suppressed by PAC. Chemical 6 was further confirmed to promote the degradation of RGA (for repressor of ga1-3), a DELLA protein, and suppress the expression levels of GA3ox1 in the same manner as GA does. 67D and its analogs are supposed to be agonists of GID1 and are expected to be utilized in agriculture and basic research as an alternative to GA. 相似文献
5.
Gibberellins (GAs) play important roles in many essential plant growth and development processes. A family of nuclear growth-repressing DELLA proteins is the key component in GA signaling. GA perception is mediated by GID1, and the key event of GA signaling is the degradation of DELLA proteins via the 26S proteasome pathway. DELLA proteins integrating other plant hormones signaling and environmental cue modulating plant growth and development have been revealed. GA turning on the de-DELLA-repressing system is conserved, and independently establishes step-by-step recruitment of GA-stimulated GID1-DELLA interaction and DELLA growth-repression functions during land plant evolution. These discoveries open new prospects for the understanding of GA action and DELLA-mediated signaling in plants. 相似文献
6.
Kenji Asano Ko Hirano Miyako Ueguchi-Tanaka Rosalyn B. Angeles-Shim Toshiro Komura Hikaru Satoh Hidemi Kitano Makoto Matsuoka Motoyuki Ashikari 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2009,281(2):223-231
sd1 is known as the ‘green revolution’ gene in rice because its application in rice breeding has dramatically increased rice
yield. Since the ‘green revolution,’ sd1 has been extensively used to produce modern semi-dwarf varieties. The extensive use of limited dwarfing sources may, however,
cause a bottleneck effect in the genetic background of rice varieties. To circumvent this problem, novel and useful sources
of dwarf genes must be identified. In this study, we identified three semi-dominant dwarf mutants. These mutants were categorized
as dn-type dwarf mutants according to the elongation pattern of internodes. Gibberellin (GA) response tests showed that the mutants
were still responsive to GA, although at a reduced rate. Map-based cloning revealed that the dwarf phenotype in these mutants
was caused by gain-of-function mutations in the N-terminal region of SLR1. Degradation of the SLR1 protein in these mutants
occurred later than in the wild type. Reduced interaction abilities of the SLR1 protein in these mutants with GID1 were also
observed using the yeast two-hybrid system. Crossing experiments indicated that with the use of an appropriate genetic background,
the semi-dominant dwarf alleles identified in this study could be used to alleviate the deficiency of dwarfing genes for breeding
applications. 相似文献
7.
8.
Toshi Foster Chris Kirk William T. Jones Andrew C. Allan Richard Espley Sakuntala Karunairetnam Jasna Rakonjac 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2007,3(3):187-197
The hormone gibberellic acid (GA) regulates growth and development throughout the plant life cycle. DELLA proteins are key
components of the GA signalling pathway and act to repress GA responses. The “DELLA” amino acid motif is highly conserved
among diverse species and is essential for GA-induced destruction of DELLA proteins, which relieves repression. Six genes
encoding the DELLA motif were identified within an apple expressed sequence tag (EST) database. Full-length cDNA clones were
obtained by RACE and these were designated MdRGL1a/b, MdRGL2a/b, and MdRGL3a/b. Sequence alignment of the predicted proteins indicates that the MdDELLAs are 37–93% homologous to one another and 44–65%
to the Arabidopsis DELLAs. The MdDELLAs cluster into three pairs, which reflect the presumed allopolyploid origins of the Maloideae. Expression analysis using quantitative real-time PCR indicates that all three pairs of MdDELLA mRNAs are expressed at the highest levels in summer arrested shoot tips and in autumn vegetative buds. Transgenic Arabidopsis expressing MdRGL2a have smaller leaves and shorter stems, take longer to flower in short days, and exhibit a reduced response to exogenous GA3, indicating significant conservation of gene function between DELLA proteins from apple and Arabidopsis.
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
9.
10.
Suhua Li Yuwen Li Linhai Chen Chi Zhang Fei Wang Haiou Li Ming Wang Yupei Wang Fajun Nan Daoxin Xie Jianbin Yan 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2021,107(1):67-76
Strigolactones play crucial roles in regulating plant architecture and development, as endogenous hormones, and orchestrating symbiotic interactions with fungi and parasitic plants, as components of root exudates. rac-GR24 is currently the most widely used strigolactone analog and serves as a reference compound in investigating the action of strigolactones. In this study, we evaluated a suite of debranones and found that 2-nitrodebranone (2NOD) exhibited higher biological activity than rac-GR24 in various aspects of plant growth and development in Arabidopsis, including hypocotyl elongation inhibition, root hair promotion and senescence acceleration. The enhanced activity of 2NOD in promoting AtD14–SMXL7 and AtD14–MAX2 interactions indicates that the molecular structure of 2NOD is a better match for the ligand perception site pocket of D14. Moreover, 2NOD showed lower activity than rac-GR24 in promoting Orobanche cumana seed germination, suggesting its higher ability to control plant architecture than parasitic interactions. In combination with the improved stability of 2NOD, these results demonstrate that 2NOD is a strigolactone analog that can specifically mimic the activity of strigolactones and that 2NOD exhibits strong potential as a tool for studying the strigolactone signaling pathway in plants. 相似文献
11.
12.
用 3个浓度的赤霉素对 3个品种的黑稻 (黑丰糯 ,黑粳 ,黑优粘 )的幼苗进行处理 ,结果表明 ,黑丰糯对GA的反应较为敏感 ,其生长的增加量与GA的浓度有近乎线性的关系 ,而黑粳及黑优粘对赤霉素处理的反应不明显。 相似文献
13.
The phytohormone jasmonate plays a pivotal role in various aspects of plant life, including developmental programs and defense against pests and pathogens. A large body of knowledge on jasmonate biosynthesis, signal transduction as well as its functions in diverse plant processes has been gained in the past two decades. In addition, there exists extensive crosstalk between jasmonate pathway and other phytohormone pathways, such as salicylic acid(SA) and gibberellin(GA), in co-regulation of plant... 相似文献
14.
Gibberellin biosynthesis and the regulation of plant development 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Gibberellins (GAs) form a large family of plant growth substances with distinct functions during the whole life cycle of higher plants. The rate of GA biosynthesis and catabolism determines how the GA hormone pool occurs in plants in a tissue and developmentally regulated manner. With the availability of genes coding for GA biosynthetic enzymes, our understanding has improved dramatically of how GA plant hormones regulate and integrate a wide range of growth and developmental processes. This review focuses on two plant systems, pumpkin and Arabidopsis, which have added significantly to our understanding of GA biosynthesis and its regulation. In addition, we present models for regulation of GA biosynthesis in transgenic plants, and discuss their suitability for altering plant growth and development. 相似文献
15.
A number of hexadeuterated brassinosteroids (BS) containing a hydroxy group at C-22 or a 22R,23R-diol function were prepared starting from 23,24-bisnorcholenic acid methyl ester for biosynthetic studies. Synthesis of the cyclic part was accomplished via the initial hydroboration-oxidation of Delta(5)-double bond. The key step in the synthesis of the side chain involved addition of (2S)-[3,4-(2)H(6)]2,3-dimethylbutylphenyl sulfone to the corresponding C-22 aldehydes. 相似文献
16.
17.
Somatic embryogenesis (SE), the most promising technology to multiply high-value coniferous trees from advanced breeding and genetic engineering programs, is expected to play an important role in increasing productivity, sustainability, and uniformity of future forests in the United States. For commercial use, SE technology must work with a variety of genetically diverse trees. Initiation in loblolly pine (LP; Pinus taeda L.), our main focus species, is often recalcitrant for desirable genotypes. Initiation of LP, slash pine (SP; Pinus elliottii), Douglas-fir (DF; Pseudotsuga menziesii), and Norway spruce (NS; Picea abies) were improved through the use of paclobutrazol, a gibberellin synthesis inhibitor. Paclobutrazol was effective at concentrations ranging from 0.25 mg/l to 3.0 mg/l (0.85–10.2 M) and optimal in LP at 1.0 mg/l. Using control media (no paclobutrazol) and 0.33–1.0 mg/l paclobutrazol, initiation percentages in LP, SP, DF, and NS were improved from 37.7% to 44.2% (across experiments), 19.3% to 28.5%, 16.9% to 23.7%, and 38.8% to 48.5%, respectively. Other gibberellin inhibitors such as flurprimidol, chlormequat-Cl, and daminozide also caused statistically significant increases in LP initiation when added to the medium at concentrations of 0.34, 10.0, and 1.0 M, respectively. No detrimental effects on subsequent embryo development were observed when 29 new initiations from medium without GA inhibitor and 28 new initiations from medium containing paclobutrazol were tracked through culture capture, liquid culture establishment, cotyledonary embryo development, and germination. 相似文献
18.
DELLA proteins are regulators in the signaling pathway of gibberellin (GA), a plant growth regulator of diverse functions.
GA typically induces the degradation of DELLA proteins to overcome their repressive roles in growth and development. We have
previously evaluated the likely roles of Ser–Thr phosphorylation of DELLA proteins in GA signaling (Hussain et al., Plant
J 44:88–99, 2005). Here we report that four DELLA proteins of Arabidopsis, namely GAI, RGL1, RGL2 and RGL3, expressed in tobacco BY2 cells, are degradable by GA. Both, proteasome inhibitor and protein
tyrosine (Tyr) kinase inhibitors, strongly inhibit GA-induced DELLA degradation whereas phospho-Tyr phosphatase inhibitors
have no effect, suggesting that Tyr phosphorylation is critical in GA-induced DELLA degradation. Mutation of eight conserved
Tyr residues of RGL2 into alanine shows four mutant proteins (Y52A, Y89A, Y223A and Y435A) are resistant to GA-induced degradation.
Substitution of these four critical Tyr residues into negatively charged glutamate (Y → E) also resulted in stabilization
of these mutants against GA treatment. However, further mutation of these four Tyrs into conservative phenylalanine (Y → F)
rendered the mutant proteins sensitive to GA like the wild-type RGL2. Since Y → E mutations sometimes mimic phosphor-Tyr whereas
Y → F mutations render the protein unphosphorylatable at these Tyr sites, we conclude that these four conserved Tyrs, despite
being critical for GA-sensitivity, are unlikely to be sites of Tyr phosphorylation but instead play important roles in maintaining
the structure integrity of RGL2 for GA-sensitivity.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
19.
正交拉丁方实验在猕猴桃组织培养中的应用 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
洪树荣;钟扬;傅俊;柯善强 《武汉植物学研究》1990,8(2):171-177
本文应用正交试验法对中华猕猴桃组织培养过程中培养基的Z_t、K_t和NAA浓度进行了优选。试验结果表明:Z_t的浓度变化对愈伤组织诱导率、平均丛生芽数以及平均愈伤组织重量均有极显著的影响,而K_t和NAA的浓度变化不显著。对愈伤组织诱导率的最佳配方为1.5mg/L Z_t+0.05mg/L K_t+0.95mg/L(?)NAA;对平均丛生芽数和平均愈伤组织重量的最佳配方为2.9mg/L Z_t+0.05mg/L K_t+1.5mg/L NAA。 相似文献
20.
K. R. Foster I.-j. Lee R. P. Pharis P. W. Morgan 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》1997,16(2):79-87
Plants of early flowering mutant and wild type genotypes of Sorghum bicolor were treated with ring D-modified gibberellins (GAs), and the effects on endogenous GA levels were determined. The growth
and timing of floral initiation in 58M plants grown under 18-h days (which significantly delays floral initiation in this
short day plant) following treatment with these compounds, relative to GA3 and GA5 treatments, were also investigated. Application of the endo-isomer of C16,17-dihydro-GA5 (endo-DiHGA5), the exo-isomer of C16,17-dihydro-GA5 (exo-DiHGA5), and C16α,17-dichloromethanodihydro-GA5 (DMDGA5) altered GA levels in both genotypes. Each ring D-modified GA significantly inhibited shoot growth while significantly decreasing
levels of GA1 and increasing levels of its immediate precursor, GA20. Gibberellin A8 levels also decreased. Tillering was not affected by any treatment. For the early flowering genotype 58M, grown under noninductive
long days, both dihydro-GA5 isomers promoted floral initiation while shoot growth was strongly inhibited, and floral development was strongly advanced
beyond floral stage 4. Gibberellin A3 and GA5, applied under the same conditions, promoted shoot growth slightly and gave ``floral-like' apical meristems that did not
develop past floral stage 1. These results suggest that the reduced shoot growth of sorghum, which follows application of
those ring D-modified GAs, is due to their inhibiting the 3β hydroxylation of GA20 to GA1, thereby reducing the GA1 content. That floral initiation was hastened and floral development promoted in genotype 58M by application of both isomers
of DiHGA5 are in contrast to the effects of other GA biosynthesis inhibitors, which act earlier in the GA biosynthesis pathway, but
are consistent with results seen for long day grasses. This suggests that endo-DiHGA5 and exo-DiHGA5 may be acting directly in promoting floral initiation and subsequent floral apex development of this short day plant under
long day conditions.
Received October 3, 1996; accepted January 22, 1997 相似文献