Resource availability at three presumed stages of a heathland succession on the Lüneburger Heide,Germany

Abstract. The availability of maj or plant resources was investigated in three vegetation types that were assumed to represent different stages of a secondary succession on heathland on the Lüneburger Heide, northwestern Germany. Canopy transmission and absorption of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), soil-water availability, and nutrient (Ca, K, Mg, N, P) availability were monitored with high spatial and temporal resolution in (1) a Calluna vulgaris heathland, (2) a pioneer birch-pine forest and (3) a late-successional oak-beech forest, situated close to each other on comparable geological substrate (diluvial). Mean fractional transmission of PAR during summer decreased from 0.48 in the heathland to 0.04 in the oak-beech forest while the fractional canopy absorption increased from 0.49 to 0.92. Soil-water availability as indicated by the soil-water potential, was significantly influenced by differential canopy interception loss and characteristic rooting patterns in the three vegetation types. Annual mean nutrient concentrations in the equilibrium soil solution were similar or, for some elements, increased from the heathland to the birch-pine and the oak-beech forest despite a growing demand. A marked increase was found for the total nutrient pools in the soil-organic layer between early and late successional vegetation types. On the poor glacial parent material, nutrient pools seem to be strongly dependent on stand productivity and litter production which increased with succession. Thus, for nutrients, facilitation seems to be important in this type of succession.     

Shifts in plant nutrient use strategies under secondary forest succession

In evergreen broad-leaved forests (EBLFs) in Tiantong National Forest Park, Eastern China, we studied the soil chemistry and plant leaf nutrient concentration along a chronosequence of secondary forest succession. Soil total N, P and leaf N, P concentration of the most abundant plant species increased with forest succession. We further examined leaf lifespan, leaf nutrient characteristics and root–shoot attributes of Pinus massoniana Lamb, the early-successional species, Schima superba Gardn. et Champ, the mid-successional species, and Castanopsis fargesii Franch, the late-successional species. These species showed both intraspecific and interspecific variability along succession. Leaf N concentration of the three dominant species increased while N resorption tended to decrease with succession; leaf P and P resorption didn’t show a consistent trend along forest succession. Compared with the other two species, C. fargesii had the shortest leaf lifespan, largest decay rate and the highest taproot diameter to shoot base diameter ratio while P. massoniana had the highest root–shoot biomass ratio and taproot length to shoot height ratio. Overall, P. massoniana used ‘conservative consumption’ nutrient use strategy in the infertile soil conditions while C. fargesii took up nutrients in the way of ‘resource spending’ when nutrient supply increased. The attributes of S. superba were intermediate between the other two species, which may contribute to its coexistence with other species in a wide range of soil conditions.     

Aboveground nutrient cycling and forest development on poor sandy soil

The aboveground nutrient turnover of three ecosystems representing the main stages of heathland forest succession in NW Germany was investigated in a comparative study with regard to nutrient availability of the soil and light availability below the canopy. It was expected that nutrient availability would play a decisive role in forest development on nutrient poor acidic soil. The results show that the input of nutrients into the Calluna heathland is higher than the annual aboveground turnover of N, P, Ca, Mg, and K via litterfall. Compared to the pioneering birch-pine forest, the annual aboveground turnover of nutrients within the Calluna heathland, and therefore the nutrient availability is very low, while the light availability below the canopy is high. The increasing productivity of the growing successional forest is combined with an increasing nutrient turnover, mainly via litter fall. As a result, the increasing nutrient availability favours shade tolerant species with a higher nutrient demand at the late stages of succession. Consequently, the presumed terminal stage of succession, the oak-beech forest, is characterized by low light availability below the canopy and higher nutrient supply according to the resource-ratio hypothesis of Tilman (1985, 1986, 1988).     

Secondary succession of plant communities in a subtropical mountainous region of SW China

Since 1985, originally forested mountainous areas of China have been allowed to return to their natural state after years of exploitation including agriculture, development, and logging. The reforms began earlier in less accessible locations, so that today the successional process is more advanced there. The vegetation in Luquan, Qiongzhusi, and Xishan near Kunming, central Yunnan, exhibits, in a limited area, a range of stages of plant succession that are widely encountered throughout the broader region, and thus affords a special opportunity for a comprehensive study. We analyzed the successional sequence of these various plant communities. They ranged from pioneer coniferous and/or pioneer deciduous broad-leaved stands to pre-mature semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved stands, through mixed coniferous and broad-leaved or mixed deciduous and evergreen broad-leaved stands. The succession proceeded from pioneer coniferous Pinus and Keteleeria, and deciduous Platycarya and Alnus, to late-successional evergreen broad-leaved Cyclobalanopsis and Castanopsis. Two regeneration types of woody species in either the early successional (15–50 years), the mid-successional (40–80 years), or the late-successional (80–180 years) stage were classified. Relatively high species diversity was found in the seral phase at the three study sites. The late-successional stage was commonest where human disturbance was least evident. Poor soil chemical properties under pioneer Pinus were seen as a limitation to plant growth, while the abundance of Alnus at the early stage led to an improved level of organic matter and nitrogen.     

Changes in arbuscular mycorrhizal associations and fine root traits in sites under different plant successional phases in southern Brazil

Fine root morphological traits and distribution, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, soil fertility, and nutrient concentration in fine root tissue were compared in sites under different successional phases: grass plants, secondary forest, and mature forest in Londrina county, Paraná state, southern Brazil. Soil cores were collected randomly at the 0-10- and 10-20-cm depths in three quadrants (50 m2) in each site. Plants from the different successional stages displayed high differences in fine root distribution, fine root traits, and mycorrhizal root colonization. There were increases in the concentration of nutrients both in soil and fine roots and decrease of bulk soil density along the succession. The fine root biomass and diameter increased with the succession progress. The total fine root length, specific root length, root hair length, and root hair incidence decreased with the succession advance. Similarly, the mycorrhizal root colonization and the density of AM fungi spores in the soil decreased along the succession. Mycorrhizal root colonization and spore density were positively correlated with fine root length, specific root length, root hair length, root hair incidence, and bulk density and negatively correlated with fine root diameter and concentration of some nutrients both in soil and root tissues. Nutrient concentration in root tissue and in soil was positively correlated with fine root diameter and negatively correlated with specific root length, root hair length, and root hair incidence. These results suggest different adaptation strategies of plant roots for soil exploration and mineral acquisition among the different successional stages. Early successional stages displayed plants with fine root morphology and AM fungi colonization to improve the root functional efficiencies for uptake of nutrients and faster soil resource exploration. Late successional stages displayed plants with fine root morphology and mycorrhizal symbiosis for both a lower rate of soil proliferation and soil exploration capacity to acquire nutrients.     

Phenotypic Plasticity of Early and Late Successional Forbs in Response to Shifts in Resources

We compared the phenotypic plasticity of two early successional forbs of nutrient-poor mobile dunes (Agriophyllum squarrosum and Corispermum macrocarpum) and two later successional forbs (weeds) of stabilized, higher nutrient dunes and cropland (Chenopodium acuminatum and Salsola collina) to variations in environmental factors. A controlled (including soil nutrients, water, and population density) greenhouse experiment was conducted in Horqin sandy land, China. Late successional species had high plasticity in growth response to nutrients and water or high performance in high soil nutrients and water, reflecting their higher nutrient habitat. In contrast, the early successional species have low plasticity, reflecting their adaptation to resource-poor early successional soil. Late successional species did not always have higher reproductive effort than early successional species. Plants did not have a uniform strategy of increasing reproductive effort with any environmental stressors. Reproductive effort increased with increasing water availability and decreasing nutrient levels, while density had no effect. Patterns of plasticity traits for late successional species exhibited a complex of Master-of-some and Jack-of-all-trades. Late successional species had higher performance or higher plasticity than early successional species.     

中亚热带常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段土壤活性有机碳含量及季节动态

为探明不同演替阶段土壤碳吸存潜力,选取演替时间为15a(演替初期)、47a(演替中期)、110a(演替后期)3个中亚热带常绿阔叶林,分析了各演替阶段的土壤有机碳(SOC)含量以及土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、可溶性碳(DOC)和微生物熵(SMQ)的季节变化。结果表明:演替中、后期不同土层的土壤SOC、MBC、DOC含量和SMQ均显著高于演替初期(P<0.05);与演替中期相比,演替后期土壤MBC、DOC含量有所降低,SOC含量和SMQ无显著差异。土壤SOC、MBC和DOC含量随土层加深而显著性降低(演替初、中期DOC除外),并随演替进行逐渐向腐殖质层富集。不同演替阶段MBC、DOC和SMQ均有显著季节变化,最低值出现在秋季,最高值随演替进程由冬季逐步转向夏季。相关分析表明,不同演替阶段土壤活性有机碳含量与土壤有机碳含量极显著相关(P<0.01),且土壤活性有机碳(MBC、DOC)和SMQ对土壤碳库变化更为敏感。     

森林次生演替和土壤层次对微生物群落结构的影响

森林次生演替与生态系统结构和功能的动态变化密切相关。大多数研究主要关注植物群落以及土壤有机碳(SOC)的变化,然而土壤微生物群落如何响应森林次生演替还需要进一步探究。本研究以长白山森林次生演替序列(20、80、120、200和≥300年)和两个土壤层次为对象,采用磷脂脂肪酸微生物标志物,探究温带森林次生演替过程中地下微生物群落结构变化。森林次生演替改变了土壤微生物群落结构,主要归因于某些特定微生物类群的变化,演替前期革兰氏阴性菌和腐生真菌占主导,而在演替后期革兰氏阳性菌和丛枝菌根真菌占主导。另外,土壤有机质数量和质量差异是影响微生物群落结构和生物量的主要环境因素。森林演替前期和中期增加的SOC含量促进了微生物生物量,而演替后期增加的难分解芳香族有机组分抑制了微生物生物量合成。土壤层次间理化性质的差异导致微生物群落变化,有机质层高的SOC以及氮含量导致更多微生物生物量的合成。微生物群落在时间和空间尺度的变化及其驱动因素反映了生态系统结构和功能对环境变化的响应。     

Ecosystem development in short‐term postglacial chronosequences: N and P limitation in glacier forelands from Santa Inés Island,Magellan Strait

Glacier foreland moraines provide an ideal model to examine the patterns of ecosystem development and the evolution of nitrogen and phosphorous limitation over successional time. In this paper, we focus on a 400‐year soil chronosequence in the glacier forelands of Santa Inés Island in the Magellan Strait, southern Chile by examining forest development on phosphorus (P)‐poor substrates in a uniquely unpolluted region of the world. Results show a steady increase in tree basal area and a humped trend in tree species richness over four centuries of stand development. The increase in basal area suggests that the late successional tree species were more efficient nutrient users than earlier successional ones. Total contents of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in soils increased during the chronosequence, reaching an asymptote in late succession. The net increases in soil C : N, C : P and N : P ratios observed over successional time suggest that nutrient limitation is maximal in 400‐year‐old substrates. Foliar C : N and C : P ratios also increased over time to reach an asymptote in old‐growth stages, following soil stoichiometric relationships; however the foliar N‐to‐P ratio remained constant throughout the chronosequence. Biological N fixation was greater in early postglacial succession, associated with the presence of the symbiotic N‐fixer Gunnera magellanica. Declining trends of δ¹⁵N in surface soils through the 400‐year chronosequence are evidence of decreasing N losses in old‐growth forests. In synthesis, glacier foreland chronosequences at this high South American latitude provide evidence for increasing efficiency of N and P use in the ecosystem, with the replacement of shade‐intolerant pioneers by more efficient, shade‐tolerant tree species. This pattern of ecosystem development produces a constant foliar N : P ratio, regardless of variation in soil N‐to‐P ratio over four centuries.     

Do forest soil microbes have the potential to resist plant invasion? A case study in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve (South China)

Successful invaders must overcome biotic resistance, which is defined as the reduction in invasion success caused by the resident community. Soil microbes are an important source of community resistance to plant invasions, and understanding their role in this process requires urgent investigation. Therefore, three forest communities along successional stages and four exotic invasive plant species were selected to test the role of soil microbes of three forest communities in resisting the exotic invasive plant. Our results showed that soil microbes from a monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest (MEBF) (late-successional stage) had the greatest resistance to the invasive plants. Only the invasive species Ipomoea triloba was not sensitive to the three successional forest soils. Mycorrhizal fungi in early successional forest Pinus massonina forest (PMF) or mid-successional forest pine-broadleaf mixed forest (PBMF) soil promoted the growth of Mikania micrantha and Eupatorium catarium, but mycorrhizal fungi in MEBF soil had no significant effects on their growth. Pathogens plus other non-mycorrhizal microbes in MEBF soil inhibited the growth of M. micrantha and E. catarium significantly, and only inhibited root growth of E. catarium when compared with those with mycorrhizal fungi addition. The study suggest that soil mycorrhizal fungi of early-mid-successional forests benefit invasive species M. micrantha and E. catarium, while soil pathogens of late-successional forest may play an important role in resisting M. micrantha and E. catarium. The benefit and resistance of the soil microbes are dependent on invasive species and related to forest succession. The study gives a possible clue to control invasive plants by regulating soil microbes of forest community to resist plant invasion.     

Nutrient fluxes in litterfall of a secondary successional alluvial rain forest in Southern Brazil

During forest succession, litterfall nutrient fluxes increase significantly. The higher inputs of organic matter and nutrients through litterfall affects positively soil fertility and the species composition, which are essential components in forest restoration and management programs. In the present study, the input of nutrients to the forest soil via litterfall components was estimated for two sites of different development stages, in an early successional alluvial rain forest in Brazil. Litterfall returned to the soil, in kg/ha, ca. 93 N, 79 Ca, 24 K, 15 Mg, 6 P, 1.7 Mn, 0.94 Fe, 0.18 Zn, 0.09 Cu and 11.2 Al, in the site where trees were more abundant and had higher values of basal area. In the other area, where trees where less abundant and values of basal area were comparatively low, litterfall returned < 50% of those amounts to the forest soil, except for Al. The amount of Al that returned to the soil was similar in both areas due to the high contribution of Tibouchina pulchra (82% of Al returned). Comparatively, high proportion of three dominant native tree species (Myrsine coriacea, T. pulchra and Cecropia pachystachya) explained better litter nutrient use efficiency (mainly N and P) in the site with the least advanced successional stage. Although litterfall of these species show lower nutrient concentrations than the other tree species, their nutrient fluxes were high in both sites, indicating a certain independence from soil essential nutrients. Such feature of the native species is very advantageous and should be considered in forest restoration programs.     

Increasing phosphorus limitation along three successional forests in southern China

Background and Aims

Phosphorus (P) is commonly one of most limiting nutrients in tropical and subtropical forests, but whether P limitation would be exacerbated during forest succession remains unclear.

Methods

Soil phosphatase activity is often used as an indicator of P limitation. Here we examined soil acid phosphatase activity (APA) underneath tree species in pine forest (PF), mixed pine and broadleaf forest (MF) and monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest (MEBF) which represented the early, middle and late successional stages of subtropical forests in China, respectively. We also analyzed other indicators of P status (soil available P and N and P stoichiometry of the tree species).

Results

APA or APA per unit soil organic carbon under tree species was relatively low in the early successional forest. Different from PF and MF, soil available P beneath the tree species was lower than in the bulk soils in MEBF. Soil APA was closely related to N:P ratios of tree species across all three forests.

Conclusions

Our results imply that P limitation increases during forest succession at our site. The dominant tree species with low soil APAs in MEBF are likely more P-limited than other tree species.     

中亚热带丘陵红壤区森林演替典型阶段土壤氮磷有效性

在中亚热带典型丘陵红壤区选取裸露地、马尾松(Pinus massoniana)林地、针阔混交林地、常绿阔叶林地为研究对象,开展土壤氮(N)、磷(P)供应、有效性及其耦合过程的研究.结果表明,土壤有机C、全N、净矿化速率、中性磷酸酶活性表现为随森林演替进展呈现逐步提高的变化趋势;而土壤全P、C/N、C/P、氨化速率、硝化速率、树脂P、NaHCO3-P、NaOH-P、声波P、酸性P、总有效P、酸性磷酸酶活性未表现出此趋势;但反映N、P有效供应的指标,除氨化速率、树脂P和酸性磷酸酶外,在常绿阔叶林中均为最高.相关分析表明大部分N、P供应指标之间存在显著相关性(P<0.05).丘陵红壤区森林演替初级阶段P的限制性明显强于N,土壤N、P供应在森林演替进展过程中可以逐步得到优化而实现协调供应.以常绿阔叶林为中亚热带丘陵红壤区植被恢复的最终目标是可行和理想的.     

黄土高原子午岭林区典型树种叶片N、P再吸收特征

为揭示黄土高原子午岭林区不同演替阶段和植被类型主要树种养分再吸收特征,研究选取4种次生植被树种(白桦、山杨、辽东栎和油松)和2种人工植被树种(刺槐和侧柏),测定其成熟叶、凋落叶和林下土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量,研究了叶片N、P再吸收率及其与养分指标的关系。结果表明:(1)不同树种叶片养分和林下土壤养分含量存在显著差异,土壤C、N含量和C∶N∶P计量比均表现为演替后期林地(辽东栎和油松)演替前期林地(山杨和白桦)人工林(侧柏和刺槐);(2)不同树种叶片N、P再吸收率分别为17.18%—43.34%和27.13%—58.12%,均表现为演替后期林地人工林演替前期林地,且P的再吸收率总体高于N的再吸收率;(3)不同树种叶片N、P再吸收率与叶片养分指标的关系强于土壤,与养分计量比的相关性大于养分含量的相关性。说明子午岭典型植被会通过叶片N、P再吸收来适应养分限制环境,尤其是演替后期植被再吸收能力更强,研究可为黄土高原植被恢复提供理论依据。     

Leaf-nutrient accumulation and turnover at three stages of succession from heathland to forest

Abstract. Accumulation of nutrients in leaves of the dominating species of three ecosystems, characterizing the secondary succession from Genisto-Callunetum heathland through Leucobryo-Pinetum birch-pine woodland to mature Querco-Fagetum oak-beech forest, as well as nutrient turnover within these ecosystems was studied. The objective of the study was to establish potential variations in quantity and quality of nutrient supply to the plants with respect to succession dynamics. The results show very low leaf nutrient concentrations of all species investigated, coinciding with low nutrient availability in the soil. However, the nutrient content of leaves and leaf litter of Quercus petraea and Fagus sylvatica, which dominate the late succession stages, and in Betulapéndula are higher than in the photosynthetic organs (leaves and young shoots) of Calluna vulgaris and Pinus sylvestris. The combination of the higher nutrient content of the leaves and an increasing leaf-litter production during succession results in an increased nutrient turnover via leaf-litter fall. However, due to the high leaf biomass, the storage of nutrients in the leaf biomass is highest within the birch-pine woodland. From this, it may be assumed that the low demand and the low loss of nutrients via leaf-litter fall are favourable for Pinus at the early stages of forest succession on poor sandy soils. In contrast, Quercus and Fagus are provided with better growth conditions at the later stages of succession resulting from the accumulation of plant-available nutrients in the ecosystem by Pinus sylvestris, combined with a higher nutrient turnover as compared with the heathland.     

Phyllostomid bat assemblages in different successional stages of tropical rain forest in Chiapas,Mexico

Due to their role in seed dispersal, changes in the community of phyllostomid bats have direct consequences on ecological succession. The objective of this work was to document changes in the structure of bat assemblages among secondary successional stages of tropical rain forest in Chiapas, Mexico. Bats were mist-netted at ground level during 18 months in 10 sites belonging to 3 successional stages: four sites represented early succession (2–8 years of abandonment), four intermediate succession (10–20 years of abandonment), and two late succession (mature old-growth forest).We captured 1,179 phyllostomids comprising 29 species. Phyllostomid species richness was 17 (58% of all species) in the early stage, 18 (62%) in the intermediate stage and 24 (83%) in the late stage. The late successional mature forest possessed nine species that were exclusively found there, whereas early and intermediate successional stages contained only one exclusive species. Sturnira lilium, Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perpicillata, Artibeus jamaicensis and Glossophaga soricina represented 88% of all captured phyllostomid bats. Frugivores made up more than 90% of the species captured in early and intermediate successional stages and 84% in late successional forest. The Bray–Curtis index of dissimilarity showed a replacement of species through successional stages with the largest dissimilarity between early and late stages, followed by intermediate and late, and the lowest dissimilarity between early and intermediate stages. The number of gleaning insectivore species increased during succession. The carnivorous guild was exclusively found in the late stage (three species). We conclude that the late successional mature forest was the main reservoir for the gleaning insectivore and carnivore guilds; however, early and intermediate successional stages possessed a great diversity of species including many frugivores.     

Root colonization and spore abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in distinct successional stages from an Atlantic rainforest biome in southern Brazil

The influence of plant functional groups and moderate seasonality on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal status (root colonization and spore density) was investigated during 13 consecutive months in a chronosequence of succession in southern Brazil, consisting of grassland field, scrub vegetation, secondary forest and mature forest, in a region of transition from tropical to subtropical zones. AM root colonization and spore density decreased with advancing succession and were highest in early successional sites with grassland and scrub vegetation, intermediary in the secondary forest and lowest in the mature forest. They were little influenced by soil properties, but were sufficiently influenced by the fine root nutrient status and fine root traits among different functional plant groups. AM root colonization and spore density were higher during the favourable plant growth season (spring and summer) than during the less favourable plant growth season (autumn and winter). Spore density displayed significant seasonal variation at all sites, whilst root colonization displayed significant seasonal variation in grassland, scrub and secondary forest, but not in mature forest. The data suggest that (1) different plant functional groups display different relationships with AM fungi, influencing their abundance differentially; (2) plant species from early successional phases are more susceptible to AM root colonization and maintain higher AM sporulation than late successional species; (3) fine root traits and nutrient status influence these AM fungal attributes; and (4) higher AM spore production and root colonization is associated with the season of higher light incidence and temperature, abundant water in soil and higher plant metabolic activity.     

植物养分捕获策略随成土年龄的变化及生态学意义

自然成土过程中土壤养分的变化与植被原生演替常同时发生。随成土年龄变化的植物养分捕获策略(NASs)对植物竞争能力和演替过程具有重要影响。该文将植物NASs划分为细根、微生物、特殊根系、食虫和寄生策略等5个类型; 发现植物NASs的多样性随成土年龄的增加呈哑铃型变化模式; 特殊根系策略对植物捕获养分的作用在成土中期最小、后期最大, 细根和微生物策略的作用随成土年龄的增加逐渐降低; 分析了成土过程中NASs对植物种间关系影响的变化, 发现NASs对成土早期植物的促进作用和中期的竞争关系具有重要影响, 而成土后期多样和互补的NASs对植被群落的稳定共存及多样性的形成具有影响; 提出应进一步探究成土过程中土壤养分与植物NASs变化之间的定量关系, 开展更多研究以阐明NASs对植被原生演替、物种多样性形成和成土过程的贡献与机理。     

植物-土壤反馈与草地群落演替:菌根真菌和土壤病原菌的调控作用

由植物引起的根际土壤生物或非生物环境的改变能够反馈影响群落中不同植物的生长,直接改变共存植物的相对竞争关系,推动群落结构的动态变化。作为土壤生物群落的重要组成部分,土壤微生物在植物-土壤反馈关系中起到重要的调控作用,对解释植物群落的演替进程和方向有着重要的意义。在草地植物群落演替的早期阶段和外来物种入侵的过程中,宿主植物对丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的依赖性较低,受本地病原菌的影响较小,一般不存在负反馈。在演替后期,植物对AMF更具依赖性,而积累的病原菌则产生较强的负反馈效应,从而促进群落物种共存和植物多样性,提高草地生产力和稳定性。研究微生物-植物反馈机制不仅有助于完善草地退化与恢复理论,还对退化草地恢复治理的实践有着指导意义。未来关于根际微生物-植物反馈在草地群落演替中的作用应该加强以下几方面的研究：（1）在实验方法上,开展专性微生物-植物反馈研究;（2）在测定指标上,进一步量化不同微生物在反馈关系中的功能差异;（3）在研究对象上,加强土壤微生物在植物群落水平的反馈研究;（4）在应用上,明晰植物-土壤反馈在退化草地恢复过程中的作用,指导草地管理实践。     

中亚热带常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性的变化

为探明中亚热带地区常绿阔叶林演替序列土壤呼吸(R_s)的变化趋势及其影响机制, 在福建省建瓯市万木林自然保护区选取演替时间分别为15年(演替初期)、47年(演替中期)和110年(演替后期)三个不同演替阶段, 进行了为期1年的野外原位观测。结果发现: 演替初期、中期和后期的R_s分别为2.38、3.32和3.91 µmol·m ^-2·s ^-1, 温度敏感性(Q₁₀值)分别为2.64、1.97和1.79; 与演替初期相比, 演替后期的R_s显著增加64.29%, Q₁₀值显著降低32.30%; 不同演替阶段R_s的季节变化模式相似, 温度和含水量可分别解释季节变化的69.5% (初期)、81.9% (中期)和61.3% (后期); 回归分析发现, R_s与凋落物年归还量、细根生物量和土壤全氮和土壤有机质碳含量显著正相关。表明本研究区内植被演替促进了土壤碳排放, 降低了土壤呼吸的温度敏感性; 土壤碳输入增加、养分含量的提高和细根生物量增大是中亚热带常绿阔叶林R_s随演替进程逐渐增大的主要原因。