SDS电泳半干新技术

在SDS薄层凝胶水平电泳中应用半干技术缩短了电泳时间,提高了分辨率,简化了操作,免除经常大量配制电极缓冲液的麻烦．用滤纸条代替电极缓冲液和纸桥或代替凝胶条的新技术更方便．     

蛋白电泳当今新技术

蛋白电泳当今新技术郭尧君（中国科学院生物物理所,１００１０１）电泳技术的早期理论是由诺贝尔奖金获得者,瑞典ＵＰＰｓａｌａ大学物理化学系的Ｓｖｅｄｂｅｒｇ提出的。以后由他的助手诺贝尔奖金获得者Ｔｉｓｓｅｌｉｕｓ教授付诸于实践。他们师生俩贡献了他们的智慧、理论、技术以至他们的诺贝尔奖金建立了在世界上享有电泳仪器和技术盛名的ＬＫＢ公司,使电泳技术成为现代生物学实验室不可缺少的手段。     

琼脂糖电内渗对电泳的影响

用电内渗不同(0、0.03、0.08、0.20mr)的琼脂糖制成凝胶或电极缓冲液凝胶条,观察对电泳行为的影响.结果表明等电聚焦电泳必须使用无电内渗琼脂糖.不同电内渗的琼脂糖制成的电极缓冲液凝胶条对SDS电泳无显著影响,但对常规聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳有不同程度的影响,电内渗越高,越不利于电泳的进行.     

一种简便的水平式半干电印渍法

一种简便的水平式半干电印渍法王台童哲（中国科学院植物研究所,北京１０００４４）ＡＳＩＭＰＬＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＦＨＯＲＩＺＯＮＴＡＬＳＥＭＩＤＲＹＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＢＬＯＴＴＩＮＧＷａｎｇＴａｉＴｏｎｇＺｈｅ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＢｏｔａｎｙ,Ａｃａｄｅ...     

黄土高原半干旱区土壤干层水分恢复研究

黄土高原土壤干层是一个重要的生态环境问题,研究干层土壤水分的恢复对正确指导黄土高原退耕还林还草,实现该区土地的可持续利用具有重要意义。研究在黄土高原半干旱区的固原县,选择了将紫花苜蓿翻耕后3a、12a的坡耕地,对其土壤干层的水分恢复状况进行了分析。发现二者土壤干层水分最大恢复深度分别为3m、4．8m,但土壤水分含量在中效水及其之上的主要恢复层深度分别为2m、2．2m。苜蓿翻耕3a和12a后2m以上土层土壤平均湿度都能恢复到易效水或极易效水的水平,可以满足1年生农作物的生长需求而不会进一步恶化土壤水分生态环境。但即使苜蓿翻耕12a后土壤水分,也不能满足林木和多年牛豆科牧草正常生长的水分需求。     

微生物燃料电池阳极产电微生物和阴极受体特性及研究进展

介绍微生物燃料电池的基本工作原理。根据电子传递方式阳极产电微生物分为无需中间体微生物和需中间体微生物。对阴极进行不同反应所涉及的最终电子受体进行了概述,并展望了微生物燃料电池的应用前景。     

红细胞的毛细管区带电泳

系统研究了毛细管区带电泳对红细胞测定的操作条件和方法特点。对人、鸡、兔和猪的红血球进行了分析,结果与经典方法无异。在半小时内可一次测定10⁵个细胞,简便、精确。保留值的变异系数小于2％。实验中发现了间歇时间现象并予解释。     

电泳梳的改进

用这种改进的电泳梳做垂直板凝胶电泳更方便、更精确。     

同时记录生物电和微电泳的微电极放大器

本文叙述一个新设计的微电极放大器,能用同一根微电极同时进行微电泳(如注射 HRP对神经元进行染色)和记录生物电。其主要性能如下:(1)输出到微电极的电压的范围为±50V。(2)在整个电压范围内能对杂散输入电容进行补偿。(3)微电泳的电流恒定,不受微电极电阻变化的影响。(4)注射电流时放大器工作正常,具有极高输入阻抗,低栅流和低噪声等特性。     

一种快速检测蛋白酶抑制剂电泳活性的染色方法

根据特异蛋白酶抑制剂抑制靶蛋白酶的作用而阻止水解的原理 ,借助明胶 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离样品 ,胶板经蛋白酶水解后 ,以考马斯亮蓝染色 ,建立了一种简便、直观、灵敏的检测蛋白酶 (胰蛋白酶 )抑制剂活性的染色方法 ,可以进行大量样品的筛选工作     

半干式蛋白质电泳印迹的影响因素及条件优化

采用蛋白质分子量标准物和纯化的重组蛋白质进行半干式蛋白质印迹,探讨半干式电泳印迹的多种因素对印迹效果的影响。结果表明:在不同电转移条件下,均存在不同程度的蛋白质透膜转移现象,当电流强度恒定时,电转移时间过长和上样量过大是造成实验中透膜转移而丢失的主要原因,可根据待测蛋白质的分子量和表达丰度确定恰当的电转移时间和上样量。     

沙冬青cDNA-AFLP银染和条带回收方法分析

通过比较而获得沙冬青cDNA-AFLP银染和条带回收的最佳方法.银染时采取Bassam法和Sanguinetti法,凝胶条带回收时利用直接回收法、试剂盒法、LiCl高盐法和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶高效回收法.比较不同方法对于开展聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的影响.采用Bassam银染法对获得的扩增产物进行染色后无法得到差异显示条带,而利用Sanguinetti银染法显色后可观察到比较明显的差异表达条带;以直接回收法、PAGE试剂盒法、LiCl高盐法对差异条带进行回收后,二次PCR无法得到扩增产物,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶高效回收法后则可获得比较清晰的二次扩增产物.Sanguinetti银染法和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶高效回收法是应用于本研究的最佳方法.     

一种简便经济的凝胶电泳同工酶特异染色方法

介绍一种简单、经济的同工酶染色方法：用熔化的0．4％琼脂糖处理滤纸备用,染色前将滤纸浸于同工酶染色液中,染色时将滤纸盖在聚丙烯酸胺胶上,然后将胶放在有盖塑料盒中保温染色,染色时间要比普通方法略长。染色后将胶和滤纸移入固定液中用镊子除去滤纸．     

Advanced Characterization Techniques on Mechanism Understanding and Effect Evaluation in Zinc Anode Protection

The growing environmental pollution issues and continuous energy dilemma call for high-performance energy storage systems (ESSs). While the inevitable safety concerns appear and restrict the application of lithium-ion batteries in large-scale ESSs. Contrastively, zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) attract increasing attention due to the inherent advantages of high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the poor stability and reversibility of Zn anodes bring severe difficulty for its practical application. Considerable efforts are devoted in the anode modification, such as electrolyte adjustment, interfacial engineering, and anode structure design, but there is still a fuzzy field concerning the reaction process, regulation mechanism, and modified effect. Reviewing the history, the development of various electrodes greatly depends on the breakthrough in advanced characterization technologies, while the summarizations of technological advances in the Zn anode are still deficient. Hence, this review concentrates on the recent progress in various characterization techniques and related strategies of anode protection. The information is especially highlighted that each technique can offer the crucial or auxiliary role they play in proving specific issues. Furthermore, the opinions on current limitations and future directions of common characterization techniques are also discussed in detail, aiming to give a comprehensive perspective in designing advanced zinc anodes.     

西洋参和人参的可溶蛋白电泳鉴别

西洋参 (ＰａｎａｘｑｕｉｎｑｕｅｌｉｕｍＬ .)又称花旗参、美国人参 ,原产美国和加拿大 ,在我国的保健品市场占有很大的销售份额 ,西洋参在我国虽已引种成功 ,但主要还靠国外进口 ,价格昂贵 ,因此很多保健品利用价格相对低廉的人参 (Ｐ .ｇｉｎｇｓｅｎｇＣ .Ａ .Ｍｅｙ)伪充西洋参。近年来国内有许多学者利用多种手段对西洋参和人参进行鉴别 ,但由于西洋参和人参的性状、成分极其相似 ,现有的方法难以将二者完全区分开来 ,因此 ,有必要寻求新的快速灵敏的鉴别方法。蛋白质电泳方法早已广泛应用于医学、农学和微生物学 ,目前也逐步运用于…     

南高丛蓝莓快繁技术体系研究简

以南高丛蓝莓试管无菌丛生芽为材料,对南高丛蓝莓丛生芽的诱导与增殖、继代次数对丛生芽诱导增殖的影响、瓶内生根、瓶外生根、不同生根方式试管苗移栽成活率的大小进行了研究。南高丛蓝莓丛生芽诱导与增殖培养基以WPM+ZT 2.0 mg·L^-1较佳,增殖倍数可达3.50;继代6次丛生芽增殖倍数可达24.00;瓶内生根生根培养基以WPM+ZT 0.5 mg·L^-1+IBA 0.1 mg·L^-1为佳,生根率可达80.73%±3.17%,生根周期为100 d;试管芽用25 mg·L^-1 IBA溶液浸蘸10 s,以1/6 WPM为营养液加珍珠岩作基质,生根率可达到80.00%±5.00%,生根周期为40 d;瓶外生根试管苗移栽成活率是瓶内生根试管苗的2倍。基本建立了南高丛蓝莓的试管快繁技术体系,为南高丛蓝莓的工业化育苗奠定了技术基础。     

Work Function Evolution in Li Anode Processing

Toward improved understanding and control of the interactions of Li metal anodes with their processing environments, a combined X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and density functional theory (DFT) characterization of the effects that O₂, CO₂, and N₂, the main gases in dry‐atmosphere battery production lines, induced on a reproducibly clean Li surface at room temperature is presented here. XPS measurements demonstrate that O₂ is ten times more effective than CO₂ at oxidizing metal Li. Notably, pure N₂ is shown to not dissociate on clean metal Li. UPS results indicate that decomposition of O₂ (CO₂) reduces the work function of the Li surface by almost 1 eV, therefore increasing the reduction energy drive for the treated substrate by comparison to bare metallic Li. DFT simulations semiquantitatively account for these results on the basis of the effects of dissociative gas adsorption on the surface dipole density of the Li surface.     

Identifying transient protein-protein interactions in EphB2 signaling by blue native PAGE and mass spectrometry

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are proteins that upon ligand stimulation undergo dimerization and autophosphorylation. Eph receptors (EphRs) are RTKs that are found in different cell types, from both tissues that are developing and from mature tissues, and play important roles in the development of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. EphRs also play roles in synapse formation, neural crest formation, angiogenesis and in remodeling the vascular system. Interaction of EphRs with their ephrin ligands lead to activation of signal transduction pathways and formation of many transient protein-protein interactions that ultimately leads to cytoskeletal remodeling. However, the sequence of events at the molecular level is not well understood. We used blue native PAGE and MS to analyze the transient protein-protein interactions that resulted from the stimulation of EphB2 receptors by their ephrinB1-Fc ligands. We analyzed the phosphotyrosine-containing protein complexes immunoprecipitated from the cell lysates of both unstimulated (-) and ephrinB1-Fc-stimulated (+) NG108 cells. Our experiments allowed us to identify many signaling proteins, either known to be part of EphB2 signaling or new for this pathway, which are involved in transient protein-protein interactions upon ephrinB1-Fc stimulation. These data led us to investigate the roles of proteins such as FAK, WAVEs and Nischarin in EphB2 signaling.     

Crush and Smear Technique for Rapid Detection and Semiquantitation of Amyloid Deposition

A method using Congo red to rapidly identify and semiquantitate amyloid deposits in tissues for experimental research and clinical medicine is described. Examination by polarization microscopy revealed amyloid deposits as bright green birefringent clumps on a dark red background. On semiquantitative evaluation, good correlation was found between this technique and the conventional histological one, the present technique being more sensitive. The method described saves time and expense.