四川长沙贡玛自然保护区的鸟类资源

2005年7月～2006年8月,对四川长沙贡玛自然保护区的鸟类调查结果显示,保护区有鸟类155种,分属于15目37科.以留鸟和夏候鸟为主,占总数的80.63%.从繁殖鸟的区系上看,有东洋界成分37种,古北界成份64种,广布种23种,分别占繁殖鸟总数的29.83%、51.61%和19.56%.保护区有国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类10种,Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类21种,我国特有种11种.列入<中国濒危动物红皮书>的有19种,列入CITES(2003)名录的有21种,列入IUCN(2004)名录的有7种.鸟类栖息地受到沙化和过度放牧的威胁,亟待保护.     

上海南汇东滩湿地鸟类资源调查

2008年1～12月采用样点法和样线法对上海南汇东滩湿地鸟类资源进行调查.共记录到鸟类158种,隶属于14目40科.其中旅鸟有63种,占所调查鸟类总物种数的39.87%;冬候鸟58种,占36.71%;夏侯鸟19种,占12.03%;留鸟18种,占11.39%,迁徙鸟类占有绝对优势.繁殖鸟有37种,其中东洋界种类25种,占该区繁殖鸟类种数的67.57%,该区域东洋界区系特色明显.记录到国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物12种,上海市重点保护鸟类4种,上海市鸟类新纪录2种.     

锡林河湿地鸟类调查

2005~2006年采用固定半径样点法和样线法对锡林河湿地4种生境的鸟类资源现状进行了调查。共记录到鸟类97种,隶属于12目33科。其中留鸟11种,占该地区鸟类总数的11.34%;夏候鸟68种,占70.10%;旅鸟15种,占15.46%;冬候鸟3种,占3.09%;国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物有3种,Ⅱ级重点保护动物有12种。繁殖鸟(包括夏候鸟和留鸟)79种,构成了该地区鸟类的主体。在繁殖鸟中,属于北方型的有68种,占86.08%,反映出明显的古北界特征。     

豫北黄河故道湿地鸟类自然保护区鸟类区系调查

1997～1999年对豫北黄河故道湿地鸟类自然保护区的鸟类进行了调查,共记录鸟类119种,隶属16目37科。其中留鸟32种,占总数的26.89％;冬候鸟 24种,占总数的20.17％; 夏候鸟30种,占总数的25.21％; 旅鸟33种,占总数的27.73％。国家一级重点保护鸟类2种,二级重点保护鸟类19种,河南省重点保护的鸟类6种。     

巢湖湖岸带鸟类多样性的初步研究

2008年2月、7月、11月到2009年7月,采用路线调查和定点观察相结合的方法对巢湖沿岸及湖滨带不同生境的鸟类种类及数量进行了调查。记录到鸟类15目33科103种,其中属于国家Ⅱ级重点保护的鸟类3种,安徽省地方重点保护鸟类33种。季节型中,留鸟33种,夏候鸟37种,冬候鸟27种,旅鸟9种。繁殖鸟类的地理型中,古北界种23种,占33.3%;东洋界种30种,占43.5%;两界广布种16种,占23.2%。水鸟33种,近湖岸500m以内水面游禽有10种。优势种5种,广布性种15种。在湖岸5类生境中,树林、灌丛和抛荒地鸟类多样性指数最高,湖滨及浅滩鸟类多样性指数最低。湖泊污染和盲目开发导致鸟类栖息地破坏和丧失,影响鸟类多样性,因此应加强湖泊污染治理,恢复沿岸滩涂及其植被,维持巢湖丰富的鸟类多样性。     

江西省鸟类种数的最新统计

依据江西省遂川县鸟类环志和野外考察中发现的鸟类新记录,结合文献,对江西鸟类种数进行了重新统计.结果表明,江西省鸟类有19目60科481种,占我国鸟类总种数的36.11%.其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类有12种,Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类有72种,江西省重点保护鸟类有95种.还对一些物种进行了订正.     

内蒙古汗马国家级自然保护区鸟类多样性调查

2011年1月~2013年12月通过对内蒙古汗马国家级自然保护区进行科学考察,共记录到鸟类200种,隶属于17目43科。其中非雀形目鸟类106种(占53.0%),雀形目94种(47.0%);古北界鸟类136种(68.0%),东洋界鸟类3种(1.5%),广布种61种(30.5%);夏候鸟有126种(63.0%),冬候鸟11种(5.5%),留鸟33种(16.5%),旅鸟30种(15.0%);国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类2种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类32种。     

中国珍稀濒危雉类研究现状和前景

据Delacour(1951)全世界共有雉类16属48种,我国就有12属(占全世界总属数75%)、26种(占55%)。我国雉资源居世界第一位。 (一)雉类现状令人忧虑据《野生动物保护法》附录中的国家重点保护野生动物名录,已列入保护名录的雉科鸟类有25种,占我国雉科鸟类总种数96.2%,其中属于国家一级保护动物有14种,占53.8%,二级保护动物有11种占,42.3%;世界鸟类“红皮书”(1982)上列举世界濒危雉类14种中,中国有九种,占全世界濒危总种数64.3%。上述数字表明我国雉类中的大多数已处于濒危状态,急待保护。雉类数量日趋下降的主要原因有:①森林是雉类赖以生存的主要条件,是栖息、繁衍生息的场所。如我国极为珍贵的一级保护动物绿孔雀、     

江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区鸟类种类统计

根据鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区长期的鸟类调查、监测及鸟类环志工作,结合已发表和正式出版的相关资料,对该保护区的鸟类名录进行了重新整理;同时,对一些物种进行了讨论和订正。结果表明,鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区共记录到鸟类330种,隶属于17目63科,占我国鸟类总种数的24.07%,其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类9种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类47种,江西省重点保护鸟类80种。     

内蒙古青山自然保护区鸟类资源及区系

采用样线法和样点法相结合的调查方法,于2011年4月、7月、9月、12月对内蒙古青山自然保护区鸟类组成进行了季节性变化调查,并结合历史文献,确认该区分布有鸟类17目52科178种,占内蒙古鸟类种数的40.2%,占大兴安岭鸟类种数的39.0%,反映了本区鸟类具有很高的物种多样性。所记录鸟类中有国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类5种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类31种。在动物地理分布型上划分为10种类型,具有典型的古北界特征。本区有留鸟43种,夏候鸟75种,冬候鸟13种,旅鸟47种,部分鸟类的居留型发生变化。     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Reliability of Analyses of Hg,Fe, Ca,K, P,pH, Alkalinity,Conductivity, Hardness and Colour from Lakes

The aim of this report has been to present results concerning analytical quality controls of Hg analysis of fish and sediment, analyses of Fe, Ca, total-P, K, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, colour and hardness (Ca + Mg) of lake water samples. Despite the fact that these are standard parameters in many regular water control programs, there are major differences in the reliability with which these parameters can be determined. The focus here is on an overall inter-laboratory comparison between the parameters. Six laboratories have been involved in the analysis. Selected results: pH gives the lowest (average) relative standard deviation (error), about 2 %; conductivity gives an error of about 5–7 %; alkalinity yields an average error of as much as 13–25 %, which is the largest among the parameters studied here; colour also gives a high error, 9–15 %; hardness gives a relative standard deviation of about 6–7 %. Of the other parameters (i. e., Hg, Fe, Ca and P), Hg gives the best reliability and Fe and P the lowest. To have knowledge of the reliability of the analytical data is of paramount importance in most control programs and research projects.     

Competitive inhibition and selectivity enhancement by Ca in the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, Hf) by carrot (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun)

We investigated the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, and Hf) and the effect of Ca on their uptake in carrots (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the radioactive multitracer technique. The experimental results suggested that Na, Mg, K, and Rb competed for the functional groups outside the cells in roots with Ca but not for the transporter-binding sites on the plasma membrrane of the root cortex cells. In contrast, Y, Ce, Pm, and Gd competed with Ca for the transporters on the plasma membrane. The selectivity, which was defined as the value obtained by dividing the concentration ratio of an elemental pair, K/Na, Rb/Na, Be/Sr, and Mg/Sr, in the presence of 0.2 and 2 ppm Ca by that of the corresponding elemental pair in the absence of Ca in the solution was estimated. The selectivity of K and Rb in roots was increased in the presence of Ca. The selectivity of Be in roots was not affected, whereas the selectivity of Mg was increased by Ca. These observations suggest that the presence of Ca in the uptake solution enhances the selectivity in the uptake of metabolically important elements against unwanted elements.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.     

New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Stenotrachelidae, Oedemeridae, Meloidae, Myceteridae, Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Anthicidae, and Aderidae

We report 19 new species records for the faunal list of Coleoptera in New Brunswick, Canada, six of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, and one of which is new Canadian record. We also provide the first recent records for five additional species in New Brunswick. One new species of Stenotrachelidae, Cephaloon ungulare LeConte, is added to the New Brunswick faunal list. Additional records are provided for Cephaloon lepturides Newman, as well the first recent record of Nematoplus collaris LeConte. Two species of Oedemeridae, Asclera puncticollis (Say) and Asclera ruficollis (Say), are newly reported for New Brunswick, and additional locality and bionomic data are provided for Calopus angustus LeConte and Ditylus caeruleus (Randall). The records of Ditylus caerulus are the first recent records for the province. Three species of Meloidae, Epicauta pestifera Werner, Lytta sayi LeConte, and Meloe augustcollis Say are reported the first time for New Brunswick; Epicauta pestifera is newly recorded in Canada. Lacconotus punctatus LeConte and the family Mycteridaeis newly recorded for New Brunswick. The first recent records of Borus unicolor Say (Boridae) are reported from the province. One new species of Pythidae, Pytho siedlitzi Blair, and the first recent records of Pytho niger Kirby are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Three species of Pyrochroidae are newly reported for the province, including Pedilus canaliculatus (LeConte) and Pedilus elegans (Hentz), which are new for the Maritime provinces. Five species of Anthicidae and the first recent record of Anthicus cervinus LaFerté-Sénectére are newly reported for New Brunswick. Anthicus melancholicus LaFerté-Sénectère, Sapintus pubescens (LaFerté-Sénectère), Notoxus bifasciatus (LeConte), and Stereopalpus rufipes Casey are new to the Maritime provinces faunal list. Ambyderus granularis (LeConte) is removed from the faunal list of the province. Three species of Aderidae, Vanonus huronicus Casey, Zonantes fasciatus (Melsheimer), and Zonantes pallidusWerner, are newly recorded for New Brunswick; Zonantes fasciatus and Vanonus huronicus are new for the Maritime provinces' faunal list. Collection data, bionomic data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.