Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom

A species checklist has been prepared for the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family, providing the first updated list in over 70 years. The family, currently, includes 338 genera and 3709 species. The database contains approximately 14,000 taxonomic names (records). Taxon status and synonymy, taxon name, scientific authority, literature source and source verification, and the basionym are provided for each record. Electronic supplementary material to this article is available at and is accessible for authorized users.     

DORID, DENDRONOTID AND ARMINID NUDIBRANCHIATE MOLLUSCA FROM BARBADOS

15 species of nudibranchiate mollusc are described from Barbadoscomprising 11 dorids, three dendronotaceans and one arminacean.A list of 35 species of nudibranch recorded from Barbados isgiven. (Received 4 November 1983;     

双翅目极蚊科化石研究简史与现状

本文详细回顾了双翅目长角亚目极蚊科昆虫化石的研究简史,统计了世界范围内已发表的6属10种名录（7现生种和3化石种）;阐述了极蚊科化石的地质历史和其形态学特征,提出了目前该类群昆虫化石研究中所存在的主要问题,加强综合化石和现生极蚊科昆虫进行系统发育关系的研究,并对研究前景进行了展望。     

Comparative study of helminth parasites of fishes from the Mogi Guassu river, collected during expeditions between 1927 and 1985

This paper concerns the parasitism of Nematoda, Trematoda, Acanthocephala and Cestoda from 1027 fishes of 45 species from Mogi Guassu river, examined in the years 1927, 1946, 1947, 1962, 1983 and 1985 as a contribution to the knowledge of the parasitological fauna in 58 years. Thirty two species of nematodes, 21 of trematodes, 3 of acanthocephalans and 2 of cestodes are reported. New hosts are presented for the nematodes Cucullanus pinnai, Spirocamallanus inopinatus and Travnema travnema, for the trematode Pararhipidocotyle jeffersoni and for the acanthocephalan Gorytocephalus spectabilis. New measurements for the trematode Creptotrema lynchy, tables, graphics and a list of the examined hosts with their parasites are presented.     

中国灵芝科的分类研究——Ⅷ8个订正种和3个新种

自1978年以来作者比较系统的进行了中国灵芝科(Ganodermataceae)的分类研究。于1981年“中国灵芝”一书中报道了53种1变种和1变型。除前两个种下分类单位已承认为种外,后又陆续报道了30种。目前共报道了中国灵芝科85种。随着各国专家对灵芝科分类研究的不断进展,对于过去记载的种类,其中一部分种类已进行了考证,重新作了订正,作者也正在对中国灵芝科的种类进行订正。参考了Steyaert(1980)和Corner 1983)以及其他作者的重要文献,对现有8种进行了订正。本文共报道11种,其中有3新种。它们是坝王岭灵芝(Ganoderma bawanglingense Zhao et X.Q.Zhang),江西假芝(Amauroderma jiangxiense Zhao et X.Q.Zhang)和五指山假芝(A.wuzhishanense Zhao)。本文研究标本全部保藏于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

Cytology and systematica of Araceae

The chromosome numbers of 75 species belonging to the family Araceae have been determined. The numbers for 53 species are reported for the first time. One number differs from previous reports ( Aglaodorum ), and one number is corrected (Phymatarum). Within 15 genera ( Gymnostachys, Pothoidium, Alloschemone, Heteropsis, Holochlamys, Anaphyllopsis, Dracontioides, Pseudohydrosme, Montrichardia, Bucephalandra, Taccarum, Asterostigma, Gorgonidium, Spathantheum and Ulearum ) the chromosome numbers have not previously been determined. The total number of genera cytologically investigated is now 99 (c. 94%).
A great diversity in chromosome numbers as well as in chromosome size and constitution is found. The results are discussed in relation to the phylogeny and the previously published classifications of the family.
A total list of chromosome numbers counted (>700 species) in the Araceae is presented (Appendix).     

Predators of bird nests in the Neotropics: a review

Predation is the main cause of nest failure among birds and, therefore, a strong selective agent. To fully understand patterns of nest predation, determining the identities of nest predators is crucial. Information about nest predators in the Neotropics, however, is largely anecdotal and not easily accessible in the literature. Our objective was to search the literature and compile a list of the known predators of nests in the Neotropics. We identified 256 species belonging to 67 families of birds, reptiles, mammals, and arthropods as nest predators. Families with at least 10 species of identified nest predators included Colubridae, Accipitridae, Corvidae, Ramphastidae, Falconidae, Furnariidae, Icteridae, and Didelphidae. Species in the first five of these families, plus the family Cebidae, predated nests of at least 30 species of birds. Many species not included on our list are also likely nest predators, e.g., 79 species identified as nest predators in the Nearctic that also occur in the Neotropics, but have not yet been confirmed as predators there. Increased use of video technology in the future should lead to an increase in the numbers of nest predators identified, particularly those that are nocturnal. By determining which species on our list occur in a given study area, researchers can now consider the likely nest predators in their study areas when designing hypotheses and conservation plans.     

NOTES ON THE CORTICIACEAE OF NORTHERN CHINA

<正> 98 species of Corticiaceae s.l.are reported from Changbai shah forestreserve in Northern China.Phlebia pellucida Hjortst.& Ryv.is described as new.The newcombinations Amylosporomyces subasperisporus,Boidinia propingua,and B.peroxydata are pro-posed.The genus Boidinia is discussed and a key is given to accepted species.Many rarespecies are reported such as Amylocorticium laceratum,Ceraceomyces sulphurinus,Hyphodontiaaltaica,Laeticorticium ussuricum,Lobulicium occultum,Sistotrema athcloiides and Tubulicrinissceptiferus.The flora is boral and most of the species have a wide distribution in the Nor-thern coniferous zone.In a previous paper species of Polyporaceae were reported from Northern China(Ryvarden et al.,1986).Most of the species were collected during a short expedition tothe Changbai Shun forest reserve in the Jilin Province.This paper reports the species ofCorticiaceae (s.lato) from the same expedition.There are duplicates of all species bothin Oslo University Herbarium and the Herbarium of Mycologicum,Academia Sinica(HMAS)the Institute of Microbiology in Beijing.The knowledge of the Corticiaceae of China is veryfragmentary and many of the names indicated in previous reports are now replacedby othernames,and the identification of the collections in many cases are dubious.Thus,we havenot tried to establish how many of these species which previously have not been reportedfrom China.Such a list would be of little interest since very few has collected Corticiacritically in recent times,and the flora is still more or less unknown with regard to thisgroup of fungi.The following list must therefore be regarded as a first contribution tolist the Corticiaceae of China based on the same species concepts and names as currentlyused in Europe and North America,see Eriksson et al.(1976—84)Jiilich and Stalpers(1984),Gilbertson (1974).List of collections all from 11—17 Sept.1983.Nos.21315—21407/21696—21814.Jilin Prov.,Changbai Shah,Forest Reserve,Hangcong gou,750 m.a.s.l.Nos,21408—21603.JilinProv.,Changbai Shah,Forest Reserve,Huang Song Pu,1200 m.a.s.l.Nos.21619—21695.Jilin Prov.,Changbai Shun,Forest Reserve,Bai Shun Station,1100m.a.s.l.     

The freshwater zooplankton of Thailand (Rotifera and Crustacea)

A list is given of all zooplankton species hitherto reported from Thailand, based on the author's own observations and on the literature.From a comparison with the fauna of some neighbour countries, it appears that important gaps remain to be filled-in.     

UREDINALES FROM EAST HIMALAYA

<正> A list of 209 rust species recorded from East Himalaya, southeastern Xizang during a survey in 1982—1983 is given, Among them 15 species are described as new ones and 28 species are new records for China. All speciments are kept in the Herbarium Mycologicum Instituti Micribiologici Academiae Sinicae, Beijing.     

Blackflies (Diptera,Simuliidae) in eastern Trans-Baikal: Taxonomic composition and physiographic distribution

The blackfly fauna and biodiversity of some physiographic regions in eastern Trans-Baikal have been described. The structural characteristics of blackfly communities in the highlands and lowlands in the southern and northern territories of the region have been reported. A regional list of forty seven species in five genera of the Simuliidae family has been produced for the first time. The species distribution in three major river basins, Upper Amur, Lena, and Yenisei, are examined. A comparative cluster analysis of the similarities in species composition between the blackflies in the observed area and the adjacent regions is carried out. The blackfly species composition of the Upper Amur basin is more similar to the population of the Selenga River basin and significantly differs from the fauna in the middle and lower reaches of the Amur River; only three blackfly species typical for the Far East fauna have been indicated.     

Taxonomic review and key to European Ichneumon flies (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), parasitoids of gall-forming sawflies of the genera Pontania Costa, Phyllocolpa Benson, and Euura Newman (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) on willows: Part I

Extensive material on parasitoids of the family Ichneumonidae reared from gall-making sawflies on Salix is identified. The general host—parasite list includes 75 species of hosts—Pontania (40 spp.), Phyllocolpa (21 spp.), Euura (14 spp.), their food plants (33 species of Salix), and their parasitoids of the family Ichneumonidae; many data on hosts and parasitoids are recorded for the first time. The complex of ichneumonids on gallforming sawflies is composed of about 45 species belonging to 15 genera of 6 subfamilies. The annotated list of about 30 species of ichneumonids (except for species of Saotis) reared from gall-making sawflies is given with data on the literature, studied material, distribution, and hosts. Two new species Anoncus gallicola sp. n. and Rhinotorus brachycerus sp. n. are described. A key to the species of the Ichneumonidae of this complex is given.     

NEW FOSSIL MICROMAMMALS FROM SHANWANG, SHANDONG

<正> In comparison with the recovery of macromammals from Shanwang, Shandong, the finds of micromammals from the locality are still rather small. Up to now, only three forms, Shanwangia unexpectula Young, 1977, Meinia asiatica Qiu, 1981 and Diatomys shantungensis Li, 1977 have been reported. Two taxa of small mammals described in this paper can be added to the list of the middle Miocene Shanwang fauna. The specimens in question were collected from the diatomaceous quarry in 1983.     

Annotated checklist of Albanian butterflies (Lepidoptera,Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea)

The Republic of Albania has a rich diversity of flora and fauna. However, due to its political isolation, it has never been studied in great depth, and consequently, the existing list of butterfly species is outdated and in need of radical amendment. In addition to our personal data, we have studied the available literature, and can report a total of 196 butterfly species recorded from the country. For some of the species in the list we have given explanations for their inclusion and made other annotations. Doubtful records have been removed from the list, and changes in taxonomy have been updated and discussed separately. The purpose of our paper is to remove confusion and conflict regarding published records. However, the revised checklist should not be considered complete: it represents a starting point for further research.     

Annotated check list of the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) of America North of Mexico

An annotated check list of Pyraloidea of North America north of Mexico is presented, including 861 Crambidae and 681 Pyralidae with 1542 total species. It includes all new species described, tropical species with new records in the United States, and species introduced from Europe and Asia since 1983. The Notes section provides the seminal citations, data and/or commentary to all changes since 1983 for easy and future reference. In addition, this list proposes seven new generic combinations, the transfer of a phycitine species, Salebria nigricans (Hulst), to Epipaschiinae and its syn. n. with Pococera fuscolotella (Ragonot), and three new records for the United States. Purposefully, no new taxa are described here, but we found a gradual increase of 10% in the number of species described since 1983. Finally, we also include a list of thirteen species not included or removed from the MONA list. Many higher-level changes have occurred since 1983 and the classification is updated to reflect research over the last 30 years, including exclusion of Thyrididae and Hyblaeidae from the superfamily and recognition of Crambidae and Pyralidae as separate families. The list includes multiple changes to subfamilies based on morphology such as the synonymization of the Dichogamini with the Glaphyriinae, but also incorporating recent molecular phylogenetic results such as the synonymization of the Evergestinae with the Glaphyriinae.     

New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Stenotrachelidae, Oedemeridae, Meloidae, Myceteridae, Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Anthicidae, and Aderidae

We report 19 new species records for the faunal list of Coleoptera in New Brunswick, Canada, six of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, and one of which is new Canadian record. We also provide the first recent records for five additional species in New Brunswick. One new species of Stenotrachelidae, Cephaloon ungulare LeConte, is added to the New Brunswick faunal list. Additional records are provided for Cephaloon lepturides Newman, as well the first recent record of Nematoplus collaris LeConte. Two species of Oedemeridae, Asclera puncticollis (Say) and Asclera ruficollis (Say), are newly reported for New Brunswick, and additional locality and bionomic data are provided for Calopus angustus LeConte and Ditylus caeruleus (Randall). The records of Ditylus caerulus are the first recent records for the province. Three species of Meloidae, Epicauta pestifera Werner, Lytta sayi LeConte, and Meloe augustcollis Say are reported the first time for New Brunswick; Epicauta pestifera is newly recorded in Canada. Lacconotus punctatus LeConte and the family Mycteridaeis newly recorded for New Brunswick. The first recent records of Borus unicolor Say (Boridae) are reported from the province. One new species of Pythidae, Pytho siedlitzi Blair, and the first recent records of Pytho niger Kirby are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Three species of Pyrochroidae are newly reported for the province, including Pedilus canaliculatus (LeConte) and Pedilus elegans (Hentz), which are new for the Maritime provinces. Five species of Anthicidae and the first recent record of Anthicus cervinus LaFerté-Sénectére are newly reported for New Brunswick. Anthicus melancholicus LaFerté-Sénectère, Sapintus pubescens (LaFerté-Sénectère), Notoxus bifasciatus (LeConte), and Stereopalpus rufipes Casey are new to the Maritime provinces faunal list. Ambyderus granularis (LeConte) is removed from the faunal list of the province. Three species of Aderidae, Vanonus huronicus Casey, Zonantes fasciatus (Melsheimer), and Zonantes pallidusWerner, are newly recorded for New Brunswick; Zonantes fasciatus and Vanonus huronicus are new for the Maritime provinces' faunal list. Collection data, bionomic data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.     

A review of grassflies of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Meromyza</Emphasis> Meigen, 1830 (Diptera,Chloropidae) of the palaearctic fauna with a key to species,analysis of the synonymy,host specialization,and geographic distribution. Part 2

The second part of the paper considers the position of the genus Meromyza Meigen, 1830 in the system of the family Chloropidae, its intrageneric classification, species synonymy, food plants, habitat preferences, geographic distribution of its species, and the faunas of some regions in the Palaearctic. A list of literature is provided.     

Echinoids of the Pacific waters of Panama: status of knowledge and new records

This paper is primarily intended as a guide to researchers who wish to know what echinoid species are available in the Bay of Panama and in the Gulf of Chiriqui, how to recognize them, and what has been published about them up to 2004. Fifty seven species of echinoids have been reported in the literature as occurring in the Pacific waters of Panama, of which I have collected and examined 31, including two species, Caenopedina dìomedìae and Meoma frangibilis, that have hitherto only been mentioned in the literature from single type specimens. For the 31 species I was able to examine, I list the localities in which they were found, my impression as to their relative abundance, the characters that distinguish them, and what is known about their biology and evolution. Not surprisingly, most available information concerns abundant shallow water species, while little is known about deep water, rare, or infaunal species.     

Deep-water polychaetes (Annelida) from the southeastern Gulf of California, Mexico

Polychaetes inhabiting deep-sea soft bottoms from the southeastern Gulf of California were collected during four oceanographic cruises during 2000 and 2001. Sampling of benthic organisms was performed with a benthic sledge to collect epifauna and a Karling dredge for epifauna and infauna, in a depth range from 732 to 2 250 m. A list of the polychaetes that were collected and their distribution are presented here. A total of 73 species (distributed among 33 families) were identified. Moreover, 11 species were identified only to genus level and 20 species only to family level. With the exception of Ancistrosyllis hartmanae and Melinnampharete eoa, all identified species have been previously reported in soft bottoms of the Gulf of California or in adjacent areas. Additional previously unreported information is provided herein regarding depth ranges, geographical distribution, morphology and tubes inhabited by the organisms. The morphology of the ampharetids Amage sp. and Samytha sp. does not coincide with that of other species in these genera reported for the Gulf of California, which suggests that they are probably undescribed species.