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Henry Souttar 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1951,2(4746):1503-1504
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Yang Wang Adriana A. Zekveld Graham Naylor Barbara Ohlenforst Elise P. Jansma Artur Lorens Thomas Lunner Sophia E. Kramer 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
ContextAlthough the pupil light reflex has been widely used as a clinical diagnostic tool for autonomic nervous system dysfunction, there is no systematic review available to summarize the evidence that the pupil light reflex is a sensitive method to detect parasympathetic dysfunction. Meanwhile, the relationship between parasympathetic functioning and hearing impairment is relatively unknown.ObjectivesTo 1) review the evidence for the pupil light reflex being a sensitive method to evaluate parasympathetic dysfunction, 2) review the evidence relating hearing impairment and parasympathetic activity and 3) seek evidence of possible connections between hearing impairment and the pupil light reflex.MethodsLiterature searches were performed in five electronic databases. All selected articles were categorized into three sections: pupil light reflex and parasympathetic dysfunction, hearing impairment and parasympathetic activity, pupil light reflex and hearing impairment.ResultsThirty-eight articles were included in this review. Among them, 36 articles addressed the pupil light reflex and parasympathetic dysfunction. We summarized the information in these data according to different types of parasympathetic-related diseases. Most of the studies showed a difference on at least one pupil light reflex parameter between patients and healthy controls. Two articles discussed the relationship between hearing impairment and parasympathetic activity. Both studies reported a reduced parasympathetic activity in the hearing impaired groups. The searches identified no results for pupil light reflex and hearing impairment.
Discussion and Conclusions
As the first systematic review of the evidence, our findings suggest that the pupil light reflex is a sensitive tool to assess the presence of parasympathetic dysfunction. Maximum constriction velocity and relative constriction amplitude appear to be the most sensitive parameters. There are only two studies investigating the relationship between parasympathetic activity and hearing impairment, hence further research is needed. The pupil light reflex could be a candidate measurement tool to achieve this goal. 相似文献10.
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Yepes M 《Molecular neurobiology》2007,35(3):255-265
Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that acts
on responsive cells via binding to a cell surface receptor named fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). TWEAK can regulate
numerous cellular responses in vitro and in vivo. Recent studies have indicated that TWEAK and Fn14 are expressed in the central
nervous system (CNS), and that in response to a variety of stimuli, including cerebral ischemia, there is an increase in TWEAK
and Fn14 expression in perivascular astrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells, and neurons with subsequent increase in the
permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and cell death. Furthermore, there is a growing body of evidence indicating
that TWEAK induces the activation of the NF-κB in the CNS with release of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases.
In addition, inhibition of TWEAK activity by either treatment with a Fn14-Fc fusion protein or neutralizing anti-TWEAK antibodies
has shown therapeutic efficacy in animal models of ischemic stroke, cerebral edema, and multiple sclerosis. 相似文献
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Caspase与神经系统疾病 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
近年来,细胞凋亡发生机制的研究已取得众多进展。研究表明,许多神经系统疾病与caspase家族有着密切联系。现将细胞凋亡的最新研究结果及其与神经系统疾病的关系,尤其是caspase家族在神经系统疾病中的主导地位作简单综述,希望由此了解神经元细胞凋亡的内在机制并达到治疗目的。 相似文献
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Félix Djossou Guillaume Vesin Bastien Bidaud Emilie Mosnier Christine Simonnet Séverine Matheus Christelle Prince John Balcaen Gerd Donutil Gérald Egmann Antoine Okandze Denis Malvy Mathieu Nacher 《PloS one》2016,11(3)