自发性高血压大鼠主动脉α1B及α1D肾上腺素受体第三细胞内环不存在…

我们以前的实验显示自发性高血压大鼠离体主动脉磷酸肌醇蓄积在无激动剂在的基础状态下就显著增高。根据Ｇ蛋白偶联受体固有活性假说,推测ＳＨＲ主动脉中介导肌醇磷脂解的主要受体－α１Ｄ和α１Ｂ肾上腺素受体的第三细胞内环可能存在点突变。本实验通过ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ鉴定,表明上述突变并不存在。     

大鼠高血压相关基因表达蛋白抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖

大鼠高血压相关基因 ( r HRG- 1 )编码一新细胞内信号传递蛋白 .体外转染 r HRG- 1表达蛋白发现 r HRG- 1表达蛋白能抑制自发性高血压大鼠血管平滑肌细胞内 Raf蛋白 ( Raf- 1 )和丝裂素活化蛋白激酶 ( MAPK)活性 ,抑制抗细胞凋亡基因 ( bcl- 2 )和增殖细胞核抗原 ( PCNA)基因 m RNA表达 ,同时还抑制该细胞 DNA的合成 .r HRG- 1是一正常血压大鼠血管平滑肌细胞内高度表达的基因 ,由此推测在自发性高血压大鼠血管平滑肌细胞内转染 r HRG- 1表达蛋白抑制其细胞 DNA合成的作用可能是抑制细胞内 Raf- 1活性与 MAPK活性及抑制 PCNA和 bcl- 2基因表达的结果     

正常与肾性高血压大鼠不同血管平滑肌磷酸肌醇含量的研究

本实验采用同位素[＾３Ｈ]－肌醇参入与阴离子交换树脂层析分离的方法,比较了Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠与两肾一环肾性高血压大鼠（２Ｋ－１ＣＲＨＲ）主动脉与尾动脉磷酸肌醇（包括－磷酸肌醇ＩＰ、二磷酸肌醇ＩＰ２和三磷酸肌醇ＩＰ３）的含量,以及α１－肾上腺素能受体激动剂苯肾上腺素（ＰＥ）对它们的影响。结果发现：（１）无论是在静息还是在ＰＥ激活的状态下,血管平滑肌中的磷酸肌醇均以ＩＰ为主,约占总磷酸肌醇的７１－８２％;     

自发性高血压大鼠主动脉α_(1B)及α_(1D)肾上腺素受体第三细胞内环不存在点突变

我们以前的实验显示自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）离体主动脉磷酸肌醇蓄积在无激动剂存在的基础状态下就显著增高。根据G蛋白偶联受体固有活性假说，推测SHR主动脉中介导肌酸磷脂水解的主要受体－α1D和α1B-肾上腺素受体的第三细胞内环可能存在点突变。本实验通过PCR－SSCP鉴定，表明上述突变并不存在。从而提示SHR主动脉磷酸肌醇蓄积基础水平增加并非因α1D和α1B-肾上腺素受体第三细胞内环区域突变所引起的受体固有活性所致。     

自发性高血压大鼠右心耳肌细胞特殊颗粒的形态分析和ANP免疫反应强度的观察

本研究运用透射电镜及形态计量学方法结合免疫组织化学技术对成年自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）的右心耳肌细胞心房特殊颗粒（ＡＳＧ）和心房利钠肽（ＡＮＰ）的免疫反应强度进行了观察和定量研究。成年自发性高血压大鼠的心肌细胞内,ＡＳＧ数目增加,直径增大,高尔基复合体发达;线粒体轻度肿胀,部分嵴溶解断裂,部分内质网扩张,糖原颗粒增多。ＡＮＰ免疫反应增强与ＡＳＧ数目的增加一致。提示自发性高血压大鼠ＡＮＰ的合成和释放均增加,以维持机体在高血压状态下血压的平衡和内环境的稳定。     

G蛋白－肌醇磷脂途径及其与高血压的关系

作为第二信使的三磷酸肌醇（ｉｎｏｓｉｔｏｌ－１,４,５－ｔｒｉｓｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ,ＩｎｓＰ３）主要经２种途径形成：Ｇ蛋白偶联受体和酪氨酸激酶偶联受体。两类受体激活各自相应的磷脂酶Ｃ（ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｌｉｐａｓｅＣ,ＰＬＣ）而水解磷脂酰肌醇－４,５－二磷酸（ｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｉｎｏｓｉｔｏｌ－４,５－ｂｉｓｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ,ＰｔｄＩｎｓ４．５Ｐ２）形成ＩｎｓＰ３和二酯酰甘油（ｄｉａｃｙｌｇｌｙｃｅｒｏｌ,ＤＧ）。ＩｎｓＰ３形成后动员储存钙和促进外源性钙内流。近年来的研究证实,Ｇｑ是调节ＰＬＣ－β１活性的特导性Ｇ蛋白,Ｇｑ系列α亚单位包括Ｇαｑ、Ｇα１１、Ｇα１４、Ｇα１５和Ｇα１６。高血压的重要病理基础是动脉血管壁的痉挛和增殖,许多血管活性物质可以促使血管平滑肌细胞的收缩和增生,同时伴有细胞内ＩｎｓＰ３产生增加．但高血压并不能造成Ｇｑ量的持续改变。     

成年SHR动脉平滑肌细胞端粒酶活性和周期蛋白D1的研究

为探索自发性高血压大鼠动脉平滑肌细胞(SMC)增生的机理,采用3H-TdR标记、端粒酶活性以及细胞周期蛋白D1基因RT-PCR检测分别对10周龄SHR、WKY大动脉及其体外分离的SMC进行研究。成年、高血压状态的SHR胸、腹主动脉段端粒酶有高的活性,而同龄、同源WKY大鼠者则没有。从成年SHR腹主动脉段分离的SMC3H-TdR的掺入率比WKY者约提高了43％。成年高血压状态下的SHR腹主动脉SMC细胞周期蛋白D1基因的RT-PCR的产物与WKY者相差不明显。     

高血压Ⅱ期患者细胞因子诱生水平的研究

高血压是一种以平滑肌细胞增生为主要病变的疾病。近来的研究结果表明:高血压时,血管平滑肌细胞处于“合成状态”,细胞可以分裂、增殖,并有迁移性,此时血管平滑肌细胞内myc mRNA增加了14％～100％。汤健等也发现自发性高血压大鼠血管平滑肌细胞、心肌和肝脏中myc基因的转录水平明显高于wky大鼠。除此之外,sis基因表达亦高于wky大鼠,而fos基因的表达则高出wky大鼠5～8倍。由此可见,myc、fos、sis癌基因的激活可能引起平滑肌细胞增殖和肥厚,进而导致高血压发生。     

川芎嗪对正常及高血压大鼠动脉平滑肌Ca^2＋内流的动力学影响

本工作比较自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和肾性高血压大鼠(RHR)及它们的对照动物WKY和Wistar大鼠主动脉和肠系膜动脉平滑肌Ca~(2 )内流及川芎嗪对Ca~(2 )内流的影响。结果表明高血压动物血管平滑肌(VSM)Ca~(2 )内流明显高于正常动物。体外给川芎嗪明显抑制高血压大鼠及对照动物VSMCa~(2 )内流;口饲川芎嗪,对正常动物的VSMCa~(2 )内流呈明显激活,而对高血压大鼠是明显抑制。 川芎嗪对正常及高血压动物血压无明显影响。     

细胞外液酸碱度改变对自发性高血压大鼠脑动脉平滑肌细胞电生理特性的影响

目的:探讨细胞外液酸碱度(pHo)的改变对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)脑动脉平滑肌细胞电生理特性的影响。方法:取200~250 g自发性高血压大鼠,应用全细胞膜片钳记录技术观察细胞外液酸碱度改变后对SHR脑动脉平滑肌细胞膜电流的作用,进一步揭示其离子机制。结果:①pHo酸化可电压依赖性的抑制SHR脑动脉平滑肌细胞的外向电流。其主要抑制SHR脑动脉平滑肌细胞0~+60 mV区间的电流幅度;②1 mmol/L TEA可以有效抑制pHo酸化对脑动脉平滑肌细胞外向电流的抑制作用。结论:pHo的改变引起SHR脑动脉平滑肌细胞外向电流变化,其可能与电压依赖性的抑制SHR脑动脉平滑肌细胞BKCa通道电流有关。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.