TCRαβ~ CD4~ CD8~-胸腺髓质细胞的表型分析

本实验综合分析了CD4~ CD8~-胸腺髓质细胞多种表面分子的表达情况。通过抗体加补体的2次杀伤和panning方法,分离出CD4~ CD8~-胸腺髓质细胞,进行直接或间接荧光抗体染色,利用流式细胞仪分析细胞表型。发现CD4~ CD8~-胸腺细胞均为TCRαβ阳性,但CD69,HSA,Qa-2,3G11,6C10分子呈现异质性表达。利用多个表面分子组合进行双染FACS分析,推测CD4SP胸腺细胞由不成熟到发育成熟,迁出胸腺,可分为7个阶段:(1)3G11~-6C10~ CD69~ HSA~(hi),(2)3G11~ 6C10~ CD69~ HSA~(hi),(3)3G11~ 6C10~-CD69~ HSA~(int),(4)3G11~ 6C10~-CD69~-HSA~(int)Qa-2~-,(5)3G11~ HSA~(lo/-)Qa-2~(lo),4阶段还可进一步分化为(6) 3G11~-HSA~(lo)Qa-2~-,(7) 3G11~-HSA~(lo/-)Qa-2~(hi)。Qa-2~ 的5,7两阶段细胞已达到最终成熟,并可迁出胸腺。     

TCRαβ+3G11-6C10-CD4+CD8-胸腺髓质细胞亚群的特性分析

CD4+CD8-及CD4-CD8+单阳性(SP)胸腺细胞是不均一的细胞群体,存在功能成熟的分化过程并同时伴随有表型的变化.为深入研究CD4+SP中的不同表型和不同功能状态的细胞群体,利用多种抗体加补体杀伤和细胞panning方法,分离得到小鼠3G11-6C10-CD4+CD8-胸腺髓质细胞亚群.该群细胞为TCRαβ+CD69loHSAmed/lo,有15%的Qa-2分子表达.可接受Con A的刺激进行增殖应答并分泌IL-6,IL-4和IL-10等Th2型细胞因子及低水平的IFNγ,但不分泌IL-2.根据3G11-6C10-CD4+CD8-胸腺细胞的表型和功能特点,推测该群细胞是正常的胸腺细胞亚群之一,处于CD4+SP成熟过程的中后期,是Th0向Th2转化的过渡型细胞.     

雷公藤甲素对哮喘豚鼠外周血CD4^＋和CD8^＋淋巴细胞的影响

探讨雷公藤甲素在治疗哮喘中对外周血T淋巴细胞的影响机制,采用免疫细胞化学方法检测30例豚鼠外周血淋巴细胞CD4^ 、CD8^＋的表达。实验动物分为对照组、哮喘组和雷公藤甲素治疗组（治疗组）,每组各10只。结果表明,治疗组CD4^ 淋巴细胞表达阳性率及表达强度明显低于哮喘组（P＜0.01）,CD8^ 阳性率高于哮喘组（P＜0.05）,与对照组比较差异无显性,本研究认为,雷公藤甲素可能通过增高哮喘豚鼠CD8^ 淋巴细胞,降低CD4^ 淋巴细胞来发挥抗哮喘气道炎症作用。     

不同电镜分型女性生殖道尖锐湿疣的CD4^＋、CD8^＋的表达

目的：探讨不同电镜分型的女性生殖道尖锐湿疣（CA）的免疫应答状态的异同。方法：将随机抽取的50例女性生殖道尖锐湿疣的活检组织按照扫描电镜和透射电镜下形态学特征分为尖锐型湿疣、结节型湿疣和内生型湿疣三组。以免疫组织化学方法（IHC）研究CD4^＋T细胞、CD8^＋T细胞、CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值于不同电镜分型CA中的表达。结果：结节型湿疣的CD4^＋T细胞数及CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值均显著低于尖锐型湿疣,内生型湿疣介于二者之间。结论：CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值在不同类型CA中的表达结果有统计学差异,结节型湿疣免疫应答状态异常,预示三种电镜分型的尖锐湿疣转归不同。CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值可作为判断预后的指标。     

CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞在CD46途径下诱导IL-10生成的研究

目的：炎症抑制因子IL—10在过敏及自身免疫性疾病的发生过程中有着重要意义,补体调节蛋白CD46作为一种新的T细胞活化辅助因子可以诱导CD4^＋T细胞生成IL-10。另外有研究表明,CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞（CD^4＋CD25^＋Tregs）作为一种重要的免疫抑制细胞可以通过促进周围细胞分泌IL-10,使其抑制作用得到放大。本研究探讨在CD46辅助刺激途径下,CD4^＋CD25^＋Tregs诱导周围CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞产生IL-10的能力。方法：分离纯化CD4^＋CD25^＋Tregs和CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞,采用CD3／CD46或CD3／CD28刺激,分别进行单独培养或按1：10的比例共培养,同时以CD4^＋T细胞组作为比较。用氚标记胸腺嘧啶核苷（3H-TdR）掺入法测定细胞增殖速率,ELISA方法测定各培养组上清IL10的水平。结果：在CD46或CD28刺激下,CD4^＋CD25^＋Tregs／CIM＋CD25^＋T细胞共培养组、CD4^＋T细胞组的几-10水平均显著高于CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞单独培养组。在CD46刺激下,CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞组、CD4^＋CD25^＋Tregs／CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞共培养组、CD4^＋T细胞组IL-10的水平均较CD28刺激下明显增高,各组细胞的增殖能力均较CD28刺激下显著降低。结论：在cD46或CD28刺激下,CD4^＋CD25^＋Tregs均能够诱导CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞分泌IL-10,CD46作为一种新的T细胞共刺激分子,与传统的CD28分子相比,能够刺激IL-10分泌增加。本文阐述了CD46途径下CD4^＋CD25^＋Tregs诱生IL-10的功能,进一步研究CD46途径下各类免疫细胞的活化反应,对于明确此途径下免疫细胞的功能改变与某些疾病发病机制的关系具有重要意义。     

Immature CD4- CD8+ murine thymocytes

Mature thymocytes are usually defined and separated from other less mature thymocytes on the basis of their mutually exclusive expression of either CD4 or CD8. However, such murine "single positives" include a subpopulation of immature cells with properties resembling CD4- CD8- thymocytes or CD4+ CD8+ cortical blasts. Most of these immature single positives are CD4- CD8+, some expressing relatively low levels of CD8. They are large, dividing cortisone-sensitive cells found in the outer cortex. They express high levels of the heat-stable antigen (recognized by the monoclonals M1/69, B2A2, and J11d) but they are MEL-14-. The absence of detectable surface CD3, the absence of alpha-chain messenger RNA, and the predominance of the truncated form of the beta-chain messenger RNA all indicate that they do not express the T-cell antigen-receptor complex. Strategies for eliminating such immature cells from preparations of mature thymocytes are given, and their developmental significance is discussed.     

Developmental potential of CD4-8- thymocytes. Peripheral progeny include mature CD4-8- T cells bearing alpha beta T cell receptor

We have used the intra-thymic transfer system to investigate the population dynamics of thymocyte and mature T cell subsets in the absence of continuing precursor input from the bone marrow. We have followed the development and life span of CD4+ and CD8+ thymocyte subsets and mature peripheral T cells from intra-thymically injected adult or fetal CD4-8- thymic precursors. Both precursor types proliferated, differentiated, and exported to peripheral lymphoid tissues alpha beta-TCR+CD4+8- and CD4-8+ progeny which formed a stable, long-lived component of the peripheral T cell pool. The production of phenotypically mature thymocytes and peripheral T cells occurred more rapidly from fetal CD4-8- precursors. CD4+8-:CD4-8+ ratios among peripheral progeny of intra-thymically-injected CD4-8- precursors were initially normal, but they steadily declined among progeny of the fetal precursors. Thus, there appear to be differences in the life span and/or proliferative capacity of mature T cells derived from embryonic vs adult progenitors. In addition to the predominant CD4+8- and CD4-8+ subsets of peripheral T cells, a minor (1 to 20%) population of Thy-1+CD3+4-8- T cells was identified among peripheral progeny of intra-thymically-injected CD4-8- thymocytes, as well as in lymph nodes of unmanipulated animals. A total of 20 to 34% of this subset expressed V beta 8+ TCR and the majority were CD5hi, Pgp-1+, and J11d-. The function and specificity of this newly identified population of thymically derived peripheral T cells remains to be investigated.     

CD8+ T lymphocytes in double alpha beta TCR transgenic mice. II. Competitive fitness of dual alpha beta TCR CD8+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral pools.

We studied Rag2-deficient mice bearing two rearranged alphabeta TCR transgenes, both restricted to the MHC H-2D(b) class I molecule. We have previously shown that, in these DTg mice, most peripheral CD8 T cells express one TCRbeta chain associated with two TCRalpha chains, as in one-third of the mature T cells from normal mice. We examined the functional behavior of the dual-receptor CD8 T cells developing either in the absence or in the presence of self-Ag. The dual-receptor CD8 T cells, which develop in absence of self-Ag, show efficient responses to immunization and remain sensitive to induction of peripheral tolerance. In contrast to single TCR T cells, the dual-TCR cells, when tolerized upon exposure to high levels of self-Ag, are not deleted and therefore may exert important regulatory functions. When developing in the presence of self-Ag, the dual-receptor-expressing CD8 T cells escape central deletion, but are not fully competent to respond to cognate stimuli. Overall, we found that the dual-TCR CD8 T cells show a poor competitive value and can be out-competed by single-TCR cells, both in the course of immune responses and in reconstitution experiments. The decreased fitness of the dual-receptor cells may contribute to diminishing the autoimmune hazard that they could represent.     

Subpopulations of mature murine thymocytes: properties of CD4-CD8+ and CD4+CD8- thymocytes lacking the heat-stable antigen

The heat-stable antigen (HSA), recognized by the monoclonal antibodies M1/69, B2A2, and J11d, is low or absent on the surface of most murine peripheral T cells but present on all but 3% of thymocytes. The CD4-CD8+ and CD4+CD8- or "single positive" thymic populations may be divided into further subgroups based on surface HSA expression. One group, CD4-CD8+ and expressing very high levels of HSA (HSA++), is an immature, T cell antigen receptor (TcR) negative, outer cortical blast cell. However, a further subdivision of CD4-CD8+ and CD4+CD8- single positives may be made, into those negative to low for HSA (HSA-) and those expressing moderate amounts of HSA (HSA+). The proportion of HSA- single positives is low in the thymus of young mice, whereas the proportion of HSA+ single positives is similar to that of the adult. Both the HSA- and the HSA+ subsets of single positive thymocytes from adult mice are CD3+ and express the normal peripheral T cell incidence of V beta 8 determinants on the TcR. On stimulation with concanavalin A in limit-dilution culture both HSA- and HSA+ subsets of single positive thymocytes give a high frequency of proliferating clones, and the clones from both HSA- and HSA+ subsets of CD4-CD8+ thymocytes are cytotoxic. Thus both HSA- and HSA+ single positive thymocytes are functionally mature. The HSA- subsets of single positive thymocytes differ from the HSA+ subsets in being slightly larger in size, in expressing higher levels of MEL-14, in binding more peanut agglutinin, and in including a proportion of cells expressing high levels of the Pgp-1 glycoprotein. It is suggested that HSA- CD4-CD8+ and HSA- CD4+CD8- thymocytes are more mature than their HSA+ counterparts, and might represent a previously activated or "memory" thymic subpopulation.     

Expression of an unusual T cell receptor (TCR)-V beta repertoire by Ly-6C+ subpopulations of CD4+ and/or CD8+ thymocytes. Evidence for a developmental relationship between Ly-6C+ thymocytes and CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ thymocytes.

A novel thymocyte subpopulation expressing an unusual TCR repertoire was identified by high surface expression of the Ly-6C Ag. Ly-6C+ thymocytes were distributed among all four CD4/CD8 thymocyte subsets, and represented a readily identifiable subpopulation within each one. Ly-6C+ thymocytes express TCR-alpha beta, arise late in ontogeny, and appear in the CD4/CD8 developmental pathway after birth in a sequence that resembles that followed by conventional Ly-6C- cells during fetal ontogeny. Most interestingly, adult Ly-6C+ thymocytes express an unusual TCR-V beta repertoire that is identical to that expressed by CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ thymocytes in its overexpression of TCR-V beta 8 and in its expression of some potentially autoreactive TCR-V beta specificities. This unusual TCR-V beta repertoire was even expressed by Ly-6C+ thymocytes contained within the CD4+ CD8- 'single positive' thymocyte subset. Thus, expression of this unusual TCR-V beta repertoire is not limited to CD4-CD8-thymocytes, and is unlikely to be a consequence of their double negative phenotype. Rather, we think that Ly-6C+TCR-alpha beta+ thymocytes and CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ are developmentally interrelated, a conclusion supported by several lines of evidence including the selective failure of both Ly-6C+ and CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ thymocyte subsets to appear in TCR-beta transgenic mice. In contrast, peripheral Ly-6C+ T cells are developmentally distinct from Ly-6C+ thymocytes in that peripheral Ly-6C+ T cells expressed a conventional TCR-V beta repertoire and developed normally in TCR-beta transgenic mice in which Ly-6C+ thymocytes failed to arise. We conclude that: 1) expression of a skewed TCR-V beta repertoire is a characteristic of Ly-6C+TCR-alpha beta+ thymocytes as well as CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ thymocytes, and is not unique to thymocytes expressing neither CD4 nor CD8 accessory molecules; and 2) Ly-6C+ thymocytes are developmentally linked to CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ thymocytes, but not to Ly-6C+ peripheral T cells. We suggest that Ly-6C+TCR-alpha beta+ thymocytes are not the developmental precursors of Ly-6C+ peripheral T cells, but rather may be the developmental precursors of CD4-CD8-TCR-alpha beta+ thymocytes.     

A murine thymic stromal cell line which may support the differentiation of CD4-8- thymocytes into CD4+8- alpha beta T cell receptor positive T cells.

A fibroblastoid cell line TSt-4 was established from fetal thymus tissue of C57BL/6 mice. When fetal thymus (FT) cells or CD4-8- (DN) cells of adult thymuses were cultured on the monolayer of TSt-4, a considerable proportion of lymphocytes expressed CD4 or both CD4 and CD8 within 1 day, and the CD4+CD8- cells were maintained further while the CD4+8+ cells disappeared by Day 5. A large proportion of cells generated from DN cells but not FT cells was shown to express CD3 and T cell receptor alpha beta. Addition of recombinant interleukin (IL)-7 into the cultures resulted in a marked increase of cell recovery without virtual change in differentiation process of alpha beta lineage. The present work strongly suggests that thymic fibroblasts play an important role in T cell differentiation and IL-7 contributes to supporting proliferation of differentiated cells.     

Unusual T cell populations in adult murine bone marrow. Prevalence of CD3+CD4-CD8- and alpha beta TCR+NK1.1+ cells

The T cell populations present in normal murine bone marrow have not been previously analyzed in detail, mainly because of their relative rarity. In order to permit such analyses, bone marrow T cells were enriched by depleting Mac1-positive cells, which constitute 65 to 90% of bone marrow cells (BMC), and then studied by two-color flow cytometry. Analysis of the remaining cells revealed that the T cell profile of adult murine bone marrow is markedly different from that of other lymphoid organs. A very high proportion of bone marrow CD3+ cells (approximately one-third) are CD4-CD8-. CD3+CD4-CD8- cells are much more concentrated among BMC T cells than among thymocytes or splenic T cells, suggesting that bone marrow may be either a site of extrathymic TCR gene rearrangement, or a major site to which such cells home from the thymus. The expression of NK1.1 was also evaluated on Mac1-depleted BMC populations. Surprisingly, up to 39% of alpha beta TCR+ BMC were found to express NK1.1. Most alpha beta TCR+NK1.1+ BMC also expressed CD4 or CD8. NK1.1+ alpha beta TCR+ cells represented a much greater proportion of BMC T cells than of other lymphoid (splenocyte or thymocyte) T cell populations. Mac1-depleted BMC of nude mice contained very few cells with this phenotype. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that NK1.1+ alpha beta TCR+ cells are generated primarily in the thymus of normal animals and migrate preferentially to bone marrow, where they may function as regulatory elements in hematopoiesis.     

NK1.1+ thymocytes. Adult murine CD4-, CD8- thymocytes contain an NK1.1+, CD3+, CD5hi, CD44hi, TCR-V beta 8+ subset.

CD4-, CD8- thymocytes were purified from thymi obtained from normal C57BL/6 mice. By flow cytometry analysis, 5 to 10% of these double negative (DN) thymocytes were found to express NK1.1 on their surface. The NK1.1+ DN thymocytes were demonstrated, by two-color fluorescence, to be CD3lo, CD5hi, CD44hi, J11d-, B220-, MEL 14-, IL2R- with 60% expressing TCR-V beta 8 as determined by the mAb F23.1. In contrast, splenic and peripheral blood NK cells were NK1.1+, CD3-, CD5-, TCR-V beta 8- with 40 to 60% being MEL 14+. Unlike peripheral NK cells, fresh DN thymocytes enriched for NK1.1+ cells were unable to kill YAC-1, the classical murine NK cell target. However, these cells were able to mediate anti-CD3 redirected lysis even when they were assayed immediately after purification, i.e., with no culture or stimulation. These data demonstrate that adult murine thymocytes contain NK1.1+ cells which are distinct, both by function and phenotype, from peripheral NK cells. These data also raise the issue of a possible NK/T bipotential progenitor cell.