Inhibitory effects and underlying mechanism of 7-hydroxyflavone phosphate ester in HeLa cells

Chrysin and its phosphate ester have previously been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in Hela cells; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be characterized. In the present study, we therefore synthesized diethyl flavon-7-yl phosphate (FP, C(19)H(19)O(6)P) by a simplified Atheron-Todd reaction, and explored its anti-tumor characteristics and mechanisms. Cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis were measured by MTS, flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling techniques, respectively in human cervical cancer HeLa cells treated with 7-hydroxyflavone (HF) and FP. p21, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cAMP levels in Hela cells were analyzed by western blot and radioimmunoassay. Both HF and FP inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells via induction of PCNA/p21 expression, cleaved caspase-3/poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1, elevation of cAMP levels, and cell cycle arrest with accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 fraction. The effects of FP were more potent than those of HF. The interactions of FP with Ca(2+)-calmodulin (CaM) and Ca(2+)-CaM-phosphodiesterase (PDE)1 were explored by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and fluorescence spectra. FP, but not HF, formed non-covalent complexes with Ca(2+)-CaM-PDE1, indicating that FP is an inhibitor of PDE1, and resulting in elevated cellular cAMP levels. It is possible that the elevated cAMP levels inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in Hela cells through induction of p21 and cleaved caspase-3/PARP-1 expression, and causing down-regulation of PCNA and cell cycle arrest with accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M fractions. In conclusion, FP was shown to be a Ca(2+)-CaM-PDE inhibitor, which might account for its underlying anti-cancer mechanism in HeLa cells. These observations clearly demonstrate the special roles of phosphorylated flavonoids in biological processes, and suggest that FP might represent a potential new drug for the therapy of human cervical carcinoma.     

青藤碱抑制人宫颈癌的研究

目的：研究青藤碱（sinomenine,SIN）对宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖的影响及其机制,为SIN在宫颈癌的预防和治疗上提供实验依据。方法：不同浓度SIN分别处理体外培养的人宫颈癌细胞系Hela细胞后,采用噻唑蓝（Mar）法检测处理24h、48h、72h后Hela细胞的增殖活性,流式细胞仪测定细胞周期和细胞凋亡。结果：1．0．1、0．2、0．4、0．625、1．25、2．5mmml／L SIN处理Hela细胞24h、48h、72h后,细胞增殖明显受到抑制,呈时间和剂量依赖性特点;2．流式细胞仪细胞周期分析表明,SIN处理组G1期细胞比例明显增加,S期细胞比例明显减少,两组比较有统计学意义;3．细胞凋亡分析表明,SIN处理组细胞凋亡率较对照组升高,呈时间和剂量依赖性特点;结论：SIN在体外能有效抑制宫颈癌细胞生长,其机制可能与其阻滞细胞周期、诱导细胞凋亡有关,SIN有望应用于宫颈癌的辅助治疗。     

microRNA-145表达对宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:探讨微小核糖核酸145(micro RNA-145)表达对宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法:实验室常规培养宫颈癌Hela细胞并分为4组,空白(Blank)组(Hela细胞+RPMI1640)、micro RNA-145组(Hela细胞+RPMI1640+micro RNA-145-5p mimics)、阴性序列(NC)组(Hela细胞+RPMI1640+NC)、Mock组(Hela细胞+RPMI1640+Lipofectamine 2000),记录各组Hela细胞转染率,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链锁反应(QRT-PCR)检测各组Hela细胞中micro RNA-145的表达水平,采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测Hela细胞增殖情况,采用4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)染色法判断Hela细胞凋亡情况。结果:本研究中,各组Hela细胞转染率均80%;micro RNA-145组micro RNA-145的表达显著高于Blank组、NC组和Mock组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。转染24 h、48 h、72 h后,micro RNA-145组490 nm波长处的光密度值(OD490值)较转染0h后明显降低,转染48 h、72 h后,Blank组、NC组、Mock组OD490值较转染0 h后时明显升高,转染24 h、48 h、72 h后,micro RNA-145组OD490值均低于Blank组、NC组、Mock组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。DAPI染色后,micro RNA-145组Hela细胞凋亡率高于Blank组、NC组、Mock组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。转染后,Blank组、NC组、Mock组的micro RNA-145表达率、OD490值、DAPI染色后Hela细胞凋亡率比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:micro RNA-145表达上调可抑制宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖,并促进Hela细胞凋亡,通过药物调控micro RNA-145表达有望成为宫颈癌治疗的新靶点。     

生长抑素对Hela细胞中Claudin-3和Claudin-4基因表达的调节作用

目的:探讨生长抑素对Hela细胞的生长调控作用以及对claudin-3和claudin-4基因的表达调控。方法:通过Hela细胞株培养,并以浓度为10-6、10-8、10-10和10-12 M的生长抑素(SST)作用于Hela细胞,未经药物处理的细胞设为对照组。在处理后采用流式细胞仪检测Hela细胞的凋亡。并采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot分别检测claudin-3和claudin-4 m RNA和蛋白质表达量。结果:SST加入Hela细胞孵育12 h小时后,10-10 M、10-8 M和10-6 M浓度的SST对Hela细胞有显著性的诱导凋亡作用。不同浓度的SST作用于Hela细胞12 h后,claudin-3和claudin-4的m RNA和蛋白表达量都出现不同水平的增加。结论:在Hela细胞中SST可以促进claudin-3和claudin-4的基因表达,从而对宫颈癌的发展和扩散有抑制作用。     

HPV-siRNA 对Hela细胞生长抑制作用的实验研究

以HPV18 E6基因为靶位,研究siRNA对宫颈癌Hela细胞生长的抑制作用。设计并合成siRNA,脂质体siNEO FX转染Hela细胞,分别用MTT法,双层软琼脂克隆形成试验和流式细胞术分析了siRNA对Hela细胞体外生长增殖活力、细胞周期分布的作用。siRNA作用后的Hela细胞增殖速度减慢,软琼脂克隆形成率降低,G0/G1期细胞比率增加。HPV18 E6 siRNA能抑制Hela细胞体外生长增殖能力并诱导细胞周期重新分布。     

Long noncoding RNA LINC00958 regulates cell sensitivity to radiotherapy through RRM2 by binding to microRNA-5095 in cervical cancer

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the regulation of resistance to radiotherapy in cervical cancer, which is a type of gynecological disease with high mortality in women around the world. Hence, our purpose is to delineate the involvement of LINC00958 in regulating cell sensitivity to radiotherapy in cervical cancer. LINC00958 expression in cervical cancer was assayed, followed by verification of the relationship among LINC00958, microRNA-5095 (miR-5095) and ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2). Hela cells were transduced with up-/downregulation of miR-5095 or RRM2, or LINC00958 silencing, respectively, and then treated with or without a 6 Gy dose of X-ray irradiation. Then the cell proliferation, apoptosis, survival fraction rate, as well as sensitivity to radiotherapy, were assessed. Finally, xenograft tumor in nude mice was established by transplanting Hela cells transfected with sh-LINC00958 and irradiated with 6 Gy of X-ray. High expression of LINC00958 was revealed in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, as well as in radiation-resistant patients, which was associated with lower sensitivity to radiotherapy in cervical cancer. Moreover, cervical cancer patients with higher LINC00958 expression exhibited a shorter overall survival according to Kaplan–Meier analysis. In addition, LINC00958 could regulate the expression of RRM2 by competing for miR-5095. A combination of radiotherapy with LINC00958 silencing, RRM2 downregulation or miR-5095 overexpression was found to inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth, while promoting cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our results suggest that LINC00958 could regulate RRM2 by competing to miR-5095, which regulates cell sensitivity to radiotherapy in cervical cancer.     

PCNA 泛素化对Hela 细胞苯并芘损伤敏感性的影响

目的:观察PCNA泛素化修饰对Hela细胞损伤敏感性的影响。方法:Western blot法检测His-PCNA及His-mutant PCNA(mPCNA,K164R)在Hela细胞中的表达。DNA损伤剂苯并芘(BaP)和依托泊苷(VP-16)分别处理Hela细胞后,MTT法检测不同细胞系对DNA损伤药物的敏感性;Western blot法检测细胞PCNA的泛素化修饰。结果:Western blot结果显示His-PCNA和His-mPCNA在Hela细胞中稳定高表达。MTT结果显示,苯并芘损伤后,稳定高表达mPCNA的细胞系与野生型及高表达PCNA细胞系相比,其细胞存活率呈明显下降趋势,而VP-16作用后,三种细胞存活率无明显差异。Western blot结果显示苯并芘损伤可特异性诱导PCNA发生泛素化修饰。结论:苯并芘损伤能够诱导PCNA发生泛素化修饰,从而降低Hela细胞对苯并芘损伤的敏感性。     

NS398抑制宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖及MMP2的表达

目的：NS398是非甾体类抗炎药物的一种,它可以抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,但其在肿瘤发展中的作用机制尚不清楚。宫颈癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,其侵袭转移是患者死亡的主要原因。基质金属蛋白酶几乎能降解细胞外基质中的各种蛋白质成分,在肿瘤侵袭转移中起着十分关键的作用。本文则以宫颈癌Hela细胞为研究对象,观察NS398对Hela细胞的增殖及其基质金属蛋白酶2表达的影响,探讨NS398在宫颈癌侵袭转移过程中的作用及可能机制。方法：用不同浓度的NS398（O、25、50、75、100μmol／L）处理宫颈癌Hela细胞48小时,以噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法分析细胞生长抑制率,酶联免疫吸附实验（EuSA）与蛋白免疫印迹技术分别检测MMP2活性及蛋白表达的变化。结果：不同浓度的NS398处理Hela细胞后,MTT法分析显示,NS398可明显降低细胞代谢MTT的能力（P〈0．05）;ELISA检测发现,NS398可减少细胞培养液中活性MMP2含量（P〈0．05）;Western免疫印迹检测显示,NS398可下调细胞MMP2蛋白的表达（P〈0．05）,这些效应均呈剂量依赖性。结论：Ns398呈剂量依赖性抑制Hela细胞的增殖,抑制细胞中MMP2的活性,并下调细胞MMP2的表达。结果提示,NS398可通过抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖而抑制宫颈癌的生长,通过抑制MMP2的活性和下调MMP2蛋白的表达而抑制宫颈癌的侵袭转移,这为NS398在宫颈癌防治中的应用提供了新的实验依据。     

长链非编码RNA Dleu2 对宫颈癌细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭的影响

目的:研究长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lnc RNA)Dleu2对宫颈癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响。方法:利用高通量Lnc RNA芯片技术检测10例宫颈癌组织及对应的癌旁组织,筛选得到一批表达水平具有显著差异的Lnc RNA,进一步针对可能具有生物学功能的Lnc RNA-Dleu2,利用q-PCR验证其在癌组织样本中的相对低表达。再通过在细胞内过表达Lnc RNA-Dleu2研究其对宫颈癌Hela和Caski细胞系增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。结果:q-PCR结果验证了Lnc RNA芯片筛选的结果,即相较于癌旁组织和正常宫颈上皮细胞系,Lnc RNA-Dleu2在宫颈癌组织和细胞中均低表达。CCK8和克隆形成实验结果显示,过表达Lnc RNA-Dleu2能显著抑制Hela和Caski细胞增殖能力(P0.01);细胞划痕实验结果显示,过表达Lnc RNA-Dleu2能显著抑制Hela和Caski细胞增殖和迁移能力;Matrigel细胞侵袭实验结果显示,过表达Lnc RNA-Dleu2能显著抑制Hela和Caski细胞的侵袭能力(P0.01)。结论:Lnc RNA-Dleu2在宫颈癌中相对低表达,提高Dleu2表达水平能够抑制宫颈癌细胞系Hela和Caski的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。     

The Effect of ADAM8 on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Hepatocytes and Hepatoma Carcinoma Cells

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ADAM8 on the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes and hepatoma carcinoma cells during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. The expression of ADAM8 was significantly increased with good correlation of PCNA expression increasing and cells apoptosis decreasing during the progression of HCC in the liver of mice. Proliferation experiment in vitro showed that recombinant ADAM8 could induce the expression of PCNA in L02 cells, but not in HepG2 cells. Apoptosis experiment in vitro showed that recombinant ADAM8 did not induce or inhibit the expression of apoptosis‐related factors Bcl2, Bax, and Caspase3 in L02 cells, but significantly induced the expression of Bcl2, inhibited the expression of Bax and Caspase3 in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, our study suggested that ADAM8 could promote the proliferation of normal hepatocytes and render hepatoma carcinoma cells more resistant to apoptosis to play important roles during the progression of HCC. ADAM8; Proliferation; Apoptosis     

动脉介入新辅助化疗对宫颈癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:探讨动脉介入新辅助化疗对宫颈癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响,为中晚期宫颈癌的临床治疗提供依据。方法:选择2012年8月-2015年5月在我院确诊为中晚期宫颈癌并行动脉介入化疗的患者60例作为研究对象。分别在入院时和动脉介入化疗后收集患者肿瘤组织标本,应用免疫组化法检测肿瘤细胞增殖指数(LI),TUNEL法检测肿瘤细胞凋亡指数(AI)。结果:经动脉介入化疗后,宫颈癌细胞的增殖指数显著降低,而凋亡指数显著提高,与化疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。宫颈癌细胞增殖指数LI随临床分期的增加而升高,而凋亡指数AI随临床分期的增加而降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);介入化疗后,同一临床分期宫颈癌细胞的增殖指数LI均低于化疗前,而凋亡指数AI则高于化疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:动脉介入新辅助化疗能够抑制中晚期宫颈癌细胞的增殖,并促进其凋亡,为患者创造手术切除的机会。     

四株虫生真菌的鉴定及其醇提取物对Hela细胞的抑制作用

[背景]虫生真菌是非常重要的自然资源,但被发现和利用的种类相对较少.[目的]鉴定从野外采集的4株虫生真菌,并探讨4株菌的醇提物对宫颈癌Hela细胞的抑制活性.[方法]结合形态学特征与rDNA ITS和β-Tubulin序列分析对4株虫生真菌进行种类鉴定,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐[3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-Thiaz...     

顺铂诱导入宫颈癌细胞系P27表达及其超微弱发光测定的意义

目的：探讨化疗药物对肿瘤增殖活性的影响。方法：选择人宫颈癌细胞系Hela分为两组,分别采用MTT比色法分析测定顺铂处理Hela细胞的浓度;免疫组化SP法分别检测Hela细胞中P27蛋白表达;流式细胞仪分析加药前后细胞周期变化及凋亡情况;用IFFM-D型流动式化学发光仪检测细胞的超弱发光强度。结果：顺铂处理Hela细胞48h的IC50值为3mg／L,当DDP浓度在3mg／L以下时,对Hela细胞无明显毒性作用,超过此浓度时,其毒性呈剂量效应关系（P〈0．001）;流式细胞仪分析细胞周期可见与Hela细胞相比较,Hela＋DDP细胞的G2期细胞数增多,而Gl、S期的细胞数明显减少（P〈0．01）;从细胞凋亡检测显示Hela与Hela＋DDP相比,细胞凋亡率在不同时间点明显升高,在24h、48h、72h结果分别为（11．4±5．8、21．8±7．9、32．5±11．6）％。免疫组化结果显示Hela＋DDP与Hela细胞相比细胞膜上P27蛋白高表达;在10—4mol／L鲁米诺及0.3％的双氧水（H202）条件下Hela细胞超弱发光强度高于用Hela＋DDP细胞（P〈0．001）。结论：超弱发光能够快速、准确、有效地反映肿瘤细胞氧化代谢特点和增殖活动,也可用于筛选敏感的化疗药物。     

Selective suppression of cervical cancer Hela cells by 2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid isolated from the fruit of Lycium barbarum L.

Lycium barbarum fruit has been used as a Chinese traditional medicine and dietary supplement for centuries. 2-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid (AA-2βG), a novel stable vitamin C analog, is one of the main biologically active components of the fruit. In this report, we investigated the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect of AA-2βG against cancer cells in vitro and identified the proteins with significantly differential expression in the cervical cancer cells (Hela) cultured in the presence of AA-2βG proteomic analysis. Our results demonstrated that the cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity of AA-2βG on cancer cell lines were in a cell type-, time-, and dose-dependent manner. Similar to vitamin C, the AA-2βG selectively induced cell death repressed the proliferation of Hela cells by the mechanism of cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by AA-2βG through a mechanism of stabilizing p53 protein. However, the biological activity of inhibition of cell proliferation in other malignant cancer cell lines or primary cells were varied, as demonstrated by either moderate inhibition or slight promotion following treatment with AA-2βG. Comparative analysis of the proteomic profiles and immunoblot analysis identified 15 proteins associated with repressing cell apoptosis and/or stimulating cell proliferation in Hela cells that were downregulated in the presence of AA-2βG or vitamin C. These data indicate that a mechanism of the AA-2βG and vitamin C mediated antitumor activity by downregulating the expression of proteins involved in cell apoptosis and proliferation and consequently inducing Hela cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, suggesting that AA-2βG and vitamin C may share a similar mechanism of inducing Hela cell apoptosis. These results also suggest that the L. barbarum fruit may be a potential dietary supplement and anticancer agent aimed at the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.     

Identification of abnormal protein expressions associated with mouse spermatogenesis induced by cyclophosphamide

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a clinical anticancer drug that can cause male reproductive abnormalities, but the underlying mechanisms for this remain unknown. The present study aimed to explore the potential toxicity induced by CP in spermatogenesis events of germ cell proliferation, meiosis, and blood-testis barrier integrity at the molecular level. CP-treated mice showed significantly reduced serum testosterone levels, sperm motility and concentration. The results of immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that CP reduced the proliferation of germ cells (PCNA, PLZF) and increased germ cell apoptosis (Bax and TUNEL-positive cells) in CP-treated mice testes. The expression of meiotic related proteins (SYCP3, REC8, MLH1) decreased significantly in the fourth week after administration, and the expression of blood-testis barrier related proteins (β-catenin, ZO-1) and sperm quality-associated proteins (PGK2, HSPA4) decreased significantly in the first week after administration. CP leads to the apoptosis of male germ cells, inhibits the proliferation of germ cells, and affects meiosis and the blood-testis barrier, resulting in the decline of sperm quality. This study provides information to further the study of molecular mechanism and protective strategy of CP influence.     

Design,synthesis and evaluation of structurally diverse chrysin-chromene-spirooxindole hybrids as anticancer agents

A series of structurally diverse chrysin-chromene-spirooxindole hybrids were designed, synthesized via a Knoevenagel/Michael/cyclization of chrysin and isatylidene malononitrile derivatives through utilizing a hybrid pharmacophore approach. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity, and most of the compounds showed stronger anti-proliferative activity than parent compound chrysin. In particular, compound 3e had the highest cytotoxicity towards A549 cells (IC₅₀ = 3.15 ± 0.51 μM), and had better selectivity in A549 cells and normal MRC-5 cells. Furthermore, compound 3e could significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner, as well as induce the apoptosis possibly through mitochondria-mediated caspase-3/8/9 activation and multi-target co-regulation of the p53 signaling pathway. Thus, our results provide in vitro evidence that compound 3e may be a potential candidate for the development of new anti-tumour drugs.     

Up-regulation of MELK by E2F1 promotes the proliferation in cervical cancer cells

Cervical cancer is a common gynecologic cancer and a frequent cause of death. In this study, we investigated the role of MELK (maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase) in cervical cancer. We found that HPV 18 E6/E7 promoted MELK expression by activating E2F1. MELK knockdown blocked cancer cells growth. Furthermore, we used MELK-8A to inhibit the kinase activity of MELK and caused the G2/M phase arrest of cancer cells. Under the treatment of inhibitors, Hela cells formed multipolar spindles and eventually underwent apoptosis. We also found that MELK is involved in protein translation and folding during cell division through the MELK interactome and the temporal proteomic analysis under inhibition with MELK-8A. Altogether, these results suggest that MELK may play a vital role in cancer cell proliferation and indicate a potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer.     

Interferon-β Induced microRNA-129-5p Down-Regulates HPV-18 E6 and E7 Viral Gene Expression by Targeting SP1 in Cervical Cancer Cells

Infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cancer. Down-regulation of E6 and E7 expression may be responsible for the positive clinical outcomes observed with IFN treatment, but the molecular basis has not been well determined. As miRNAs play an important role in HPV induced cervical carcinogenesis, we hypothesize that IFN-β can regulate the expressions of specific miRNAs in cervical cancer cells, and that these miRNAs can mediate E6 and E7 expression, thus modulate their oncogenic potential. In this study, we found that miR-129-5p to be a candidate IFN-β inducible miRNA. MiR-129-5p levels gradually decrease with the development of cervical intraepithelial lesions. Manipulation of miR-129-5p expression in Hela cells modulates HPV-18 E6 and E7 viral gene expression. Exogenous miR-129-5p inhibits cell proliferation in Hela cells, promotes apoptosis and blocks cell cycle progression in Hela cells. SP1 is a direct target of miR-129-5p in Hela cells. This study is the first report of a cellular miRNA with anti-HPV activity and provides new insights into regulatory mechanisms between the HPV and the IFN system in host cells at the miRNA level.