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1.
Valyshev AV Kirillov VA Kirillov DA Bukharin OV 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》2000,(1):79-80
The influence of inulin on some biological properties of Enterobacteriaceae, both pathogenic (Salmonella) and opportunistic (Klebsiella, Escherichia coli) was experimentally determined in vitro. The study revealed that inulin stimulated the production of colicin and suppressed the hemolytic activity in E. coli. The effect produced by inulin on the antilysozyme activity (ALA) of Enterobacteriaceae was different: in S. typhimurium ALA was decreased and in most K. pneumoniae strains the expression of this sign was enhanced. 相似文献
2.
Abramzon OM Kirillov DA Pan'kov AS Perunova NB Elagina NN Valyshev AV Bukharin OV 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》2003,(4):71-74
In a number of in vitro experiments the effect of oxytocin on the antilysozyme and anticomplemental activity of Propiobacterium propionicum, Bacteroides fragilis, Prevotella melaninogenica and Peptostreprtococcus anaerobius, isolated from patients with acute pyoinflammatory pleuropulmonary diseases, was studied. Antibiotic resistance dynamics of the infective agents under study to lincomycin, clindamycin, thienam, vancomycin was also detected. The inhibiting activity of oxytocin on the persistence properties of B. fragilis, P. melanogenica and P. anaerobius was noted. Under the influence of the preparations used changes in the sensitivity of the strains to a number of antibiotics of the lincosamide, carbapenem and glycopeptide groups were found to occur. The data thus obtained were indicative of the possible mechanisms of action of oxytocin in the treatment of acute pyoinflammatory pleuropulmonary diseases of anaerobic nonclostridial etiology. 相似文献
3.
Health benefits attributed to probiotics have been described for decades. They include the treatment and the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases, vaginal and urinary infections and allergies. Saccharomyces boulardii, a species of yeast widely distributed, has been described as a biotherapeutic agent since several clinical trials displayed its beneficial effects in the prevention and the treatment of intestinal infections and in the maintenance of inflammatory bowel disease. All these diseases are characterized by acute diarrhoea. Administration of the yeast in combination or not with an antibiotherapy has shown to decrease significantly the duration and the frequency of diarrhoea. Experimental studies elucidated partially the molecular mechanisms triggered to improve the host health. The discovery of its anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory activities in correlation with the advances in the understanding of mucosal immunology opens a new field of perspectives in S. boulardii therapeutic applications. 相似文献
4.
Saccharomyces boulardii is a selected strain of yeast that may have applications in the prevention and treatment of intestinal infections. The animal models and in vitro studies developed to elucidate the mechanisms of this protection are reviewed and discussed. 相似文献
5.
6.
S S Gizatulina M O Birger N A Kolyshkina 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》1989,(4):30-35
381 enterobacterial strains isolated from patients with acute enteric diseases were studied. Of these, 279 strains, as well as 20 strains isolated from 50 healthy children, were studied for the presence of adhesins, hemolysins and catalase. The comparison of the hemagglutinating activity of enterobacteria isolated from sick and healthy children revealed no essential differences between them. 15.8% of enterobacterial strains isolated from sick children possessed hemolytic activity, while strains isolated from healthy children did not induce the hemolysis of erythrocytes. All enterobacterial strains isolated from patients with acute enteric diseases were multi-resistant to antibiotics. A multitude of different antibiograms was obtained, most of them occurring only once. In 1985 the number of multiresistant (i. e. resistant to 11 and more antibiotics) strains dropped from 61% to 26..9% in comparison with 1981. 相似文献
7.
Graff S Chaumeil JC Boy P Lai-Kuen R Charrueau C 《The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology》2008,54(4):221-227
Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic with proven health benefits. However its survival is challenged by gastrointestinal transit, and a ratio between 1 and 3% of living yeast is recovered in the feces after oral administration. The aim of the study was to determine to what extent the yeast was sensitive to gastrointestinal pH conditions. Therefore we explored the survival of different concentrations of S. boulardii in conditions mimicking the stomach pH (pH 1.1 0.1 N HCl) and the intestinal pH (pH 6.8 phosphate buffer) in vitro. The probiotic being commercialized as a freeze-dried powder obtained from an aqueous suspension, both forms were evaluated. In phosphate buffer pH 6.8, the viability remained stable for both forms of S. boulardii for 6 h. In HCl pH 1.1, viability of both forms (200 mg L(-1)) significantly decreased from 5 min. Observation under scanning/transmission electron microscopy showed morphological damages and rupture of the yeast wall. Threshold value from which S. boulardii viability was unaltered was pH 4. At the highest concentration of 200 g L(-1), the initial pH value of 1.1 rose to 3.2, exerting a protective effect. In conclusion, although the yeast in aqueous suspension was less sensitive than the freeze-dried yeast to acidic conditions, a gastric protection for improvement of oral bioavailability of viable S. boulardii appears necessary. 相似文献
8.
布拉酵母菌(Saccharomyces boulardii)是一种从印尼荔枝中分离出的益生菌,广泛用于肠道疾病的防治,本研究根据近年来的文献,对布拉酵母菌在防治肠道疾病中的研究进展进行了综述. 相似文献
9.
Edwards-Ingram L Gitsham P Burton N Warhurst G Clarke I Hoyle D Oliver SG Stateva L 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2007,73(8):2458-2467
Saccharomyces boulardii, a yeast that was isolated from fruit in Indochina, has been used as a remedy for diarrhea since 1950 and is now a commercially available treatment throughout Europe, Africa, and South America. Though initially classified as a separate species of Saccharomyces, recent publications have shown that the genome of S. boulardii is so similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae that the two should be classified as conspecific. This raises the question of the distinguishing molecular and phenotypic characteristics present in S. boulardii that make it perform more effectively as a probiotic organism compared to other strains of S. cerevisiae. This investigation reports some of these distinguishing characteristics including enhanced ability for pseudohyphal switching upon nitrogen limitation and increased resistance to acidic pH. However, these differences did not correlate with increased adherence to epithelial cells or transit through mouse gut. Pertinent characteristics of the S. boulardii genome such as trisomy of chromosome IX, altered copy number of a number of individual genes, and sporulation deficiency have been revealed by comparative genome hybridization using oligonucleotide-based microarrays coupled with a rigorous statistical analysis. The contributions of the different genomic and phenotypic features of S. boulardii to its probiotic nature are discussed. 相似文献
10.
目的研究布拉氏酵母菌能否通过改善肠源性内毒素血症、肠道环境改善四氯化碳诱导的肝硬化模型大鼠肝纤维化的程度。方法50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组(8只)、模型组(20只)、预防组(14只)和治疗组(8只)。预防组在制模同时给予喂服布拉氏酵母菌制剂,治疗组在制模成功后开始给予喂服布拉氏酵母菌制剂,正常组和模型组给予同等生理盐水喂服。实验过程中每周称量所有大鼠体重,观察其日常生活习性,实验在18周末处死所有大鼠,HE染色观察肝脏病理改变,测定血清中天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、丙二醛(MDA)和白蛋白(ALB)水平及血浆内毒素含量,用变性梯度凝胶电泳法检测大鼠肠道菌群情况。结果正常组[(0.052±0.005)EU/mL]、预防组[(0.058±0.028)EU/mL]和治疗组[(0.230±0.027)EU/mL]大鼠血浆中的内毒素明显低于模型组[(0.310±0.039)EU/mL](P〈0.05)。预防组和正常组大鼠血浆内毒素含量有区别,但差异无统计学意义。通过变性梯度凝胶电泳发现正常组大鼠肠道菌群数量明显好于模型组,肝硬化大鼠肠道菌群失衡。而治疗组介于预防组和模型组之间。结论布拉氏酵母菌对于改善肝硬化模型大鼠肠道菌群情况,减少肠源性内毒素血症有重要意义。 相似文献
11.
de Andrade Antero S.R. dos Santos Raquel G. Nicoli Jacques R. Neves Maria J. 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2000,16(7):691-694
Lyophilized cells of the non-pathogenic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii are used in many countries for the treatment of several types of diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal diseases. Although
the cells must be viable, their mechanism of action is unknown. The disaccharide trehalose is a protectant against several
forms of environmental stress in yeast and is involved in maintaining cell viability. There is no information on the enzymes
involved in degradation of trehalose in S. boulardii. The aim of the present study was to characterize trehalase activity in this yeast. Cells of S. boulardii grown in glucose exhibited neutral trehalase activity only in the exponential phase. Acidic trehalase was not detected in
glucose medium. Cells grown in trehalose exhibited acid and neutral trehalase activities at all growth stages, particularly
in the exponential phase. The optimum pH and temperature values for neutral trehalase activity were determined as 6.5 and
30 °C respectively, the half-life being approximately 3 min at 45 °C. The relative molecular mass of neutral trehalase is
80 kDa and the K
m 6.4 mM (±0.6). Neutral trehalase activity at pH 6.5 was weakly inhibited by 5 mM EDTA and strongly inhibited by ATP, as well
as the divalent ions Cu++, Fe++ and Zn++. Enzyme activity was stimulated by Mg++ and Ca++ only in the absence of cAMP. The presence of cAMP with no ion additions increased activity by 40%.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
Aims: The yeast Saccharomyces boulardii is used as a probiotic for the prevention and treatment of diarrhoea. In this study, the quality of 15 probiotic products containing S. boulardii was verified. Methods and Results: Using microsatellite typing, the identity of all Saccharomyces strains in the products was confirmed as S. boulardii. Additionally, solid‐phase cytometry (SPC) and a plate method were used to enumerate S. boulardii cells. SPC was not only able to produce results more rapidly than plating (4 h compared to 48 h) but the cell counts obtained with SPC were significantly higher than the plate counts. Finally, we found that <1% of the S. boulardii cells survived 120 min in gastric conditions and storage for 3 months at 40°C with 75% relative humidity. Conclusions: We developed a SPC method for the quantification of viable S. boulardii cells in probiotics. Additionally, we demonstrated that gastric conditions and storage have a marked effect on the viability of the yeast cells. Significance and Impact of the Study: To our knowledge, this is the first time SPC is used for the quality control of probiotics with S. boulardii. Additionally, we demonstrated the need for gastric protection and accurate storage. 相似文献
13.
目的评价布拉酵母菌在感染性腹泻治疗中的作用及影响因素。方法收集浙江省龙游县人民医院自2010年5月至2012年10月共36例感染性腹泻病例,其中18例患者治疗应用左氧氟沙星联合布拉酵母菌,对照组18例患者单用左氧氟沙星,观察患者症状的改善状况和治愈疗程的差异。结果左氧氟沙星联合布拉酵母菌治疗患者大便次数在疗程第2~4天较单用左氧氟沙星患者明显缩短,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P 〈 0. 05);联合治疗组平均止泻时间为(3. 85±1. 74) d,单用左氧氟沙星治疗组的平均止泻时间为(4. 89 ± 1. 67)d,两组比较差异有统计学意义〈0. 05)。结论感染性腹泻患者联合应用布拉酵母菌,有助于平衡肠道菌群,及早康复。 相似文献
14.
The biotherapeutic agent Saccharomyces boulardii has been shown to inhibit castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats in a dose-response fashion, and one of the suggested mechanisms of action included involvement of the nitric oxide pathway. The present study was designed to address this mechanism of action by firstly measuring the effects of S. boulardii on the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) isoform activity in vitro. Second, the effects of S. boulardii on the increase in colonic citrulline level associated with castor oil treatment were examined. In vitro, S. boulardii showed a dose-dependent inhibition of iNOS activity with an IC50 of 0.89 mg/ml. In the rat diarrhoea model, the antidiarrhoeal effect of S. boulardii was confirmed using a single oral dose of 12 x 10(10) CFU/kg (viable cells). In this model, castor oil significantly elevated citrulline level from 2526+/-164 to 3501+/-193 nmol/g in the colon. When the rats were treated with the same antidiarrhoeal single dose of S. boulardii, no increase in citrulline level was observed. Moreover, the iNOS inhibitor 1400 W at 10 mg/kg and the inhibitor of iNOS expression dexamethasone at 1 mg/kg, administered subcutaneously, blocked the citrulline production induced by the laxative. Taken together, these findings confirm the involvement of inhibition of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase in the mechanism of action of S. boulardii in diarrhoea. 相似文献
15.
Summary Light in the blue and green bands of the spectrum inhibited ascospore formation in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. carlsbergensis. Ascospores which were produced failed to stain with malachite green and mature spores formed in the dark lost their staining ability when exposed to light in these bands. It is thought that this is due to an alteration brought about in the molecular organization of the spore wall, so that the damaged walls become permeable to molecules of considerably greater size. Red light was without effect on S. cerevisiae, but stimulated sporulation in S. carlsbergensis. This response seemed to be strictly under the control of the yeast cell, and of a totally different nature from the injurious character of shorter wave lengths. 相似文献
16.
Background
Motility is an important component of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) pathogenesis allowing the bacteria to move into appropriate niches, across the mucus layer and invade the intestinal epithelium. In vitro, flagellum-associated motility is closely related to the invasive properties of ST. The probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii BIOCODEX (S.b-B) is widely prescribed for the prophylaxis and treatment of diarrheal diseases caused by bacteria or antibiotics. In case of Salmonella infection, S.b-B has been shown to decrease ST invasion of T84 colon cell line. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of S.b-B on ST motility.Methodology/Principal Findings
Experiments were performed on human colonic T84 cells infected by the Salmonella strain 1344 alone or in the presence of S.b-B. The motility of Salmonella was recorded by time-lapse video microscopy. Next, a manual tracking was performed to analyze bacteria dynamics (MTrackJ plugin, NIH image J software). This revealed that the speed of bacterial movement was modified in the presence of S.b-B. The median curvilinear velocity (CLV) of Salmonella incubated alone with T84 decreased from 43.3 µm/sec to 31.2 µm/sec in the presence of S.b-B. Measurement of track linearity (TL) showed similar trends: S.b-B decreased by 15% the number of bacteria with linear tract (LT) and increased by 22% the number of bacteria with rotator tract (RT). Correlation between ST motility and invasion was further established by studying a non-motile flagella-deficient ST strain. Indeed this strain that moved with a CLV of 0.5 µm/sec, presented a majority of RT and a significant decrease in invasion properties. Importantly, we show that S.b-B modified the motility of the pathogenic strain SL1344 and significantly decreased invasion of T84 cells by this strain.Conclusions
This study reveals that S.b-B modifies Salmonella''s motility and trajectory which may account for the modification of Salmonella''s invasion. 相似文献17.
Rodrigues AC Cara DC Fretez SH Cunha FQ Vieira EC Nicoli JR Vieira LQ 《Journal of applied microbiology》2000,89(3):404-414
The effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on the immune system was evaluated, comparing germ-free Swiss/NIH mice monoassociated with the probiotic with germ-free mice. Saccharomyces boulardii colonized the gut of germ-free mice and survived the gastrointestinal conditions. An increase in sIgA production, both total and anti-S. boulardii, was observed in the intestinal contents of monoassociated mice when compared with germ-free controls. The number of Kupffer cells was significantly higher in monoassociated mice than in germ-free controls. In S. boulardii-monoassociated mice, clearance of Escherichia coli B41 was higher than in germ-free controls. TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-12 serum levels were higher at earlier time points in monoassociated mice when compared with germ-free mice. These results show that the yeast S. boulardii modulates the host immune responses. This effect may be of interest for improving the resistance to enteropathogenic bacterial infections. 相似文献
18.
Wu X Vallance BA Boyer L Bergstrom KS Walker J Madsen K O'Kusky JR Buchan AM Jacobson K 《American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology》2008,294(1):G295-G306
Saccharomyces boulardii has received increasing attention as a probiotic effective in the prevention and treatment of infectious and inflammatory bowel diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the ameliorating effects of S. boulardii on Citrobacter rodentium colitis in vivo and identify potential mechanisms of action. C57BL/6 mice received 2.5 x 10(8) C. rodentium by gavage on day 0, followed by S. boulardii (25 mg; 5 x 10(8) live cells) gavaged twice daily from day 2 to day 9. Animal weights were monitored until death on day 10. Colons were removed and assessed for epithelial barrier function, histology, and myeloperoxidase activity. Bacterial epithelial attachment and type III secreted proteins translocated intimin receptor Tir (the receptor for bacterial intimin) and EspB (a translocation apparatus protein) required for bacterial virulence were assayed. In infected mice, S. boulardii treatment significantly attenuated weight loss, ameliorated crypt hyperplasia (234.7 +/- 7.2 vs. 297.8 +/- 17.6 microm) and histological damage score (0.67 +/- 0.67 vs. 4.75 +/- 0.75), reduced myeloperoxidase activity (2.1 +/- 0.4 vs. 4.7 +/- 0.9 U/mg), and attenuated increased mannitol flux (17.2 +/- 5.0 vs. 31.2 +/- 8.2 nm.cm(-2).h(-1)). The ameliorating effects of S. boulardii were associated with significantly reduced numbers of mucosal adherent C. rodentium, a marked reduction in Tir protein secretion and translocation into mouse colonocytes, and a striking reduction in EspB expression and secretion. We conclude that S. boulardii maintained colonic epithelial barrier integrity and ameliorated inflammatory sequelae associated with C. rodentium infection by attenuating C. rodentium adherence to host epithelial cells through putative actions on the type III secretion system. 相似文献
19.
目的观察布拉氏酵母菌散对轮状病毒肠炎患儿肠道微生态的影响。方法采用前瞻性随机对照临床研究方法,将90例轮状病毒肠炎患儿分为观察组和对照组,对照组采用补液及抗病毒等常规治疗,观察组采用常规治疗的基础上加用布拉氏酵母菌散口服,在治疗前、治疗后第8天及治愈后1个月应用实时荧光定量PCR法对粪便标本中双歧杆菌、肠杆菌、乳杆菌的数量进行检测。结果治疗后观察组双歧杆菌、乳杆菌数量高于治疗前(P0.01,P0.05),且观察组两类细菌数量均高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后两组肠杆菌数量均低于治疗前(P0.01,P0.05),且观察组肠杆菌数量低于对照组(P0.05)。治愈后1个月,三类菌群在两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论布拉氏酵母菌散可改善轮状病毒肠炎患儿肠道微生态,且无长期不良影响。 相似文献