泥河湾盆地南山边遗址发现的旧石器

南山边遗址位于泥河湾盆地东缘、大田洼台地北缘,于2013年的旧石器调查中发现。随后的试掘中,出土石制品38件,动物化石3件,石制品包括石核、石片、刮削器、残片、断块等,属于中国北方以小石制品为主的主工业类型。石制品位于泥河湾层中下部,根据地层对比,与大长梁地点、小长梁遗址、照坡遗址、葡萄园遗址等属于同一层位,时代相同,由此在台地北缘形成一处面积广阔、时代接近、分布集中的遗址区,为探讨早更新世古人类的活动范围、栖居模式、遗址功能分析等提供有益线索。     

吉林桦甸仙人洞旧石器遗址1993年发掘报告

1993年5—6月,仙人洞旧石器遗址发掘获得石制品197件,打制骨器18件,磨制骨器1件以及大量的动物骨骼化石。遗址分为上、下两个文化层,时代属旧石器时代早期之末或中期至晚期。石制品具有以小石制品为主的中国北方主工业的特点。     

广西百色公篓遗址石制品的初步研究

公篓遗址位于广西百色市田阳县境内, 地处百色盆地右江南岸第四级阶地, 地理坐标为23°45.568'N, 106°42.210'E。该遗址最早发现于上世纪八十年代, 当时采集石制品88件, 是百色盆地较早发现的一处旧石器时代遗址; 2010年我们对遗址进行复查时又采集石制品14件, 本文对两次采集的石制品进行了分析。石制品类型有石核、石片、砍砸器、手镐、刮削器、手斧和断块, 其中砍砸器数量最多; 原料来源于遗址附近第四级阶地的砾石层, 有石英岩、硅质岩、石英、粉砂岩、细砂岩和角砾岩6种, 以石英岩为主; 石制品以大型和中型为主, 也有一定数量的小型石制品; 剥片和修理方法主要为锤击法。根据地貌和地层可以判断该遗址年代为中更新世早期。     

丹江口库区水牛洼旧石器遗址发掘简报

水牛洼遗址位于湖北省丹江口市均县镇关门岩村,是汉水流域一处同时具有旧石器早期与晚期文化层的重要遗址。2010年3~4月间,吉林大学边疆考古研究中心对该遗址进行了发掘,揭露面积675m2,共获石制品301件,类型包括石核、石片、断块及工具等。地貌和地层对比显示,遗址年代大致为中更新世至晚更新世晚期。遗址可分为上、下两个文化层。上文化层出土石制品246件,属晚更新世;下文化层出土石制品55件,处于中更新世。下文化层石制品特点显示了中国南方砾石石器工业的特点,而上文化层却出现了中国北方石片石器工业的文化因素。     

山东日照黄泥梁遗址2012年调查与试掘

2012年在日照黄泥梁遗址的调查、试掘工作中共获得石制品75件,其中试掘出土者71件,地表采集者4件。试掘石制品埋藏于黄土地层的古土壤层中,石制品个体较小,原料以闪长玢岩和脉石英为主,类型包括石核、石片、石器、断块等,属石片石器工业组合;地表石制品原料主要为燧石,类型有细石核、细石叶、端刮器等,属细石器工业组合。本次的调查、试掘确认了黄泥梁遗址的原地埋藏属性,肯定了遗址的发掘潜力和研究价值。黄泥梁遗址的发现和研究将推动山东旧石器考古研究的进展。     

田阳百峰遗址发现的含手斧石制品研究

百峰遗址位于百色盆地西部右江南岸的第四级河流阶地。本文报道我们在该遗址调查时采集的37件石制品,其中包括2件手斧和16件手镐。这些手斧和手镐均用扁平砾石为毛坯加工而成,暗示生活在百色盆地的早期人类加工石器时利用附近可获得的原料。在遗址的网纹红土地层中,新暴露出来的石制品和玻璃陨石处于同一层位,显示百色盆地第四级阶地的石制品制作时代与玻璃陨石的降落事件时间一致,在中更新世早期。     

石人沟林场旧石器地点试掘报告

2007年8月, 对吉林延边和龙石人沟旧石器遗址周边进行考古调查时, 在石人沟林场东北的红旗河第2级阶地发现了该地点, 并进行了试掘, 面积为69m2。共获116件石制品, 其中出土86件, 采集30件。石制品包括石核、石片、细石叶、工具、断块及废片。根据地层堆积、石制品特征组合及与周边旧石器遗址对比分析, 推测该遗址的地质年代为晚更新世晚期。     

泥河湾盆地黑土沟遗址

黑土沟遗址是泥河湾盆地目前发现的时代较古老的一处早更新世旧石器时代考古遗址。根据磁性地层学资料判断,遗址位于Matsuyama反极性时的Olduvai正极性亚时阶段,其年龄为1.77-1.95Ma。2006年,在黑土沟遗址的考古地质勘探中,查明探坑文化层厚1.33m,由4个自然层组成;在大约7.6m~3的堆积中,出土遗物20585件,包括石制品20489件,哺乳动物骨牙碎片96件。石制品中,石核、石片、断块和器物分别占0.36%、97.90%、1.00%和0.74%,在石片中竟有87.74%的数量是碎屑。器物中出现旧石器晚期常见的圆盘状刮削器。石制品保存新鲜,发现拼合标本3组。石制品绝大部分属于微型和小型标本。砸击制品在地层中的密度较大,而且含有似棱柱状石核和似石叶薄长石片。     

鄂尔多斯乌兰木伦遗址石制品拼合研究及其对遗址成因的指示意义

乌兰木伦遗址是继上世纪20年代发现萨拉乌苏和水洞沟遗址以来,在鄂尔多斯高原时隔近90年新发现的重要旧石器遗址。自2010年发现以来,该遗址已进行了5个年度的连续性发掘,发现了丰富的石制品、动物化石以及用火遗迹等。光释光和碳14年代测定表明古人类在该遗址活动的时间为距今5~6.5万年。本文对乌兰木伦遗址1号地点2010-2012年发掘出土的11934件石制品进行拼合研究,辨别出28个拼合组,含64件石制品,拼合率约为0.53%;其拼合形式可分为拼对(conjoin)和拼接(join)两种类型。石制品拼合组空间分布等相关信息显示,乌兰木伦旧石器时代中期遗址为原地埋藏。     

洛南花石浪龙牙洞1995年出土石制品的拼合研究

本文是对洛南花石浪龙牙洞遗址洞内部分1995年发掘出土的18608件石制品的拼合研究结果。在纳入研究的18499件标本中(不含石料、石锤、石砧和烧石等标本108件)共获得94个拼合组,涉及212件石制品,拼合率约1．15％。分析结果显示拼合研究不但可以帮助我们更深刻地理解龙牙洞遗址石制品的平面及垂直分布规律,还是准确地判断遗址埋藏过程的有效手段。拼合研究在恢复早期人类石器制作技术上具有独到的优势,石核—石片拼合组合以及石片之间的拼合关系可以更清楚地显示早期人类所采用的剥片技术,但以拼合石制品在洞穴中的分布距离判断具体的剥片方法有局限性。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.