共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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药用昆虫蜣螂对灵芝发酵和抗小鼠肝癌活性的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用液体深层发酵方式,研究了药用昆虫蜣螂对灵芝细胞生长、关键活性产物发酵动力学和抗小鼠肝癌活性的影响。结果表明,药用昆虫蜣螂在各添加浓度下对灵芝的细胞生长均无显著促进作用;但在添加量为5g/L时,对灵芝多糖和灵芝三萜的发酵动力学有显著影响(P<0.05),在发酵第7天时,灵芝总多糖和总三萜的产量分别达到2.81g/L和539.0mg/L(对照组分别为2.25g/L和428.2mg/L)。小鼠体内抗肝癌结果表明,灵芝对照发酵物的抑癌率为41.61%,灵芝-蜣螂配合物的抑癌率为42.24%;而补加蜣螂发酵后的灵芝加蜣发酵物的抑癌率高达57.21%,与灵芝对照发酵物的抑癌率相比,提高了37.49%。研究表明,采用昆虫蜣螂补料-分批发酵后,灵芝发酵物抗小鼠肝癌的活性得到显著增强。 相似文献
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外源因子对桦褐孔菌发酵产桦褐孔菌醇的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
食药用真菌因其丰富的天然活性物质成为具有开发潜力的药物来源。桦褐孔菌Inonotus obliquus作为一种珍稀的药用真菌,因其对糖尿病、消化系统疾病、心血管疾病、肝病和癌症等疾病有良好的治疗效果而受到广泛关注。桦褐孔菌醇(inotodiol)是桦褐孔菌特有的一种羊毛甾烷型三萜类化合物,具有多种抗癌活性。本文的主要目的是研究外源因子的添加对桦褐孔菌液态发酵产桦褐孔菌醇的影响,以及对桦褐孔菌醇合成途径中酶活的影响。结果表明:最佳外源因子是香叶醇,最佳添加浓度和添加时间分别为0.02%(V/V)和第144小时。发酵结束时(240h)桦褐孔菌醇的产量为27.89mg/L是对照组(9.23mg/L)的3.02倍。通过对比添加香叶醇后桦褐孔菌醇的产量变化以及合成途径中4种酶(法尼基焦磷酸合酶、角鲨烯合酶、角鲨烯环氧化酶和羊毛甾醇合酶)的活性变化,对香叶醇的作用机制进行了初步探究。研究结果表明添加香叶醇后,4种酶活性均较对照组有显著的提高,与此对应的桦褐孔菌醇产量也显著增加,说明这4种酶在桦褐孔菌醇合成途径中起到了积极的作用。 相似文献
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Production of tannase by Aspergillus niger Aa-20 in submerged and solid-state fermentation: influence of glucose and tannic acid 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aguilar CN Augur C Favela-Torres E Viniegra-González G 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2001,26(5):296-302
Tannase production by Aspergillus niger Aa-20 was studied in submerged (SmF) and solid-state (SSF) fermentation systems with different tannic acid and glucose concentrations.
Tannase activity and productivity were at least 2.5 times higher in SSF than in SmF. Addition of high tannic acid concentrations
increased total tannase activity in SSF, while in SmF it was decreased. In SmF, total tannase activity increased from 0.57
to 1.03 IU/mL, when the initial glucose concentration increased from 6.25 to 25 g/L, but a strong catabolite repression of
tannase synthesis was observed in SmF when an initial glucose concentration of 50 g/L was used. In SSF, maximal values of
total tannase activity decreased from 7.79 to 2.51 IU when the initial glucose concentration was increased from 6.25 to 200
g/L. Kinetic results on tannase production indicate that low tannase activity titers in SmF could be associated to an enzyme
degradation process which is not present in SSF. Tannase titers produced by A. niger Aa-20 are fermentation system-dependent, favoring SSF over SmF. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2001) 26, 296–302.
Received 07 July 2000/ Accepted in revised form 15 February 2001 相似文献
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几种昆虫水提和醇提物对灵芝深层发酵生产多糖的影响 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
研究了几种昆虫的水提物和醇提物对灵芝深层发酵生产菌体和多糖的影响。结果表明,松毛虫水提物在剂量为30mg/L时,能促进灵芝菌体的生长,生物量从15.23±0.53g/L提高到16.26±0.67g/L。其它昆虫提取物对灵芝菌体的生长无显著影响,其中斑蝥提取物表现出明显的抑制作用。对灵芝多糖产量的影响试验表明,蜣螂水提物在剂量为50mg/L时,能显著提高灵芝胞内多糖的产量,产值从1.93±0.09g/L提高到2.34±0.13g/L;地鳖虫醇提物在剂量为55mg/L,以及松毛虫醇提物在剂量为35mg/L时,对胞内多糖的生产也具有促进作用。此外,蜣螂醇提物在剂量为20mg/L时,对胞外多糖的生产具有促进作用,产量从520.3±20.2g/L提高到589.5±24.1mg/L。结果提示药用昆虫中含有促进灵芝多糖生物合成的功能因子。 相似文献
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Z.T. Xing J.H. Cheng Q. Tan Y.J. Pan 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2006,22(8):799-806
Summary Extracellular laccase in cultures of Grifola frondosa grown in liquid culture on a defined medium was first detectable in the early/middle stages of primary growth, and enzyme activity continued to increase even after fungal biomass production had peaked. Laccase production was significantly increased by supplementing cultures with 100–500 (M Cu over the basal level (1.6 mM Cu) and peak levels observed at 300 mM Cu were ∼
∼7-fold higher than in unsupplemented controls. Decreased laccase activity similar to levels detected in unsupplemented controls, as well as an adverse effect on fungal growth, occurred with further supplementation up to and including 0.9 mM Cu, but higher enzyme titres (2- to 16-fold compared with controls) were induced in cultures supplemented with 1–2 mM Cu2+. SDS-PAGE combined with activity staining revealed the presence of a single protein band (M
r ∼
∼70 kDa) exhibiting laccase activity in control culture fluids, whereas an additional distinct second laccase protein band (M
r␣∼
∼45 kDa) was observed in cultures supplemented with 1–2 mM Cu. Increased levels of extracellular laccase activity, and both laccase isozymes, were also detected in cultures of G. frondosa supplemented with ferulic, vanillic, veratric and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The optimal temperature and pH values for laccase activity were 65 °C and pH 2.2 (using 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) {ABTS} as substrate), respectively, and the enzyme was relatively heat stable. In solid-state cultures of G. frondosa grown under conditions adopted for industrial-scale mushroom production, extracellular laccase levels increased during the substrate colonization phase, peaked when the substrate was fully colonized, and then decreased sharply during fruit body development. 相似文献
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The novelty of this study was to produce humic acids by submerged fermentation of empty fruit bunch (EFB) with Trichoderma viride and to investigate the effects of the cellulosic substrates and the organic sources of nitrogen on the biotechnological production of these acids. The results obtained indicate the potential application of EFB, a waste of oil palm processing, for humic acids production. Because EFB contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, fermentations were also performed using these polymers as carbon sources, separately or in combination. After 120 h of fermentation, significant production of humic acids was observed only in cultures containing either EFB or a mixture of the three polymers. Use of either potato peptone or yeast extract as a nitrogen source yielded nearly identical patterns of fungal growth and production of humic acids. The data obtained from microscopic imaging of T. viride growth and sporulation in EFB, coupled with the determined rates of production of humic acids indicated that the production of these acids is related to T. viride sporulation. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 29:631–637, 2013 相似文献
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In submerged fermentation of Streptomyces sp. N1 in a shake flask, glucose (3% w/v) and (NH4)2SO4 (0.6% w/v) were found to be suitable for extracellular l-glutamate oxidase (GluOx) (EC.1.4.3.11) production. GluOx production was higher with the addition of further KCl or MgCl2 to the medium within the range of 0 to 0.12% (w/v). The effect of inoculum type, that is, spore inoculation or mycelium inoculation on GluOx biosynthesis was also investigated, and the maximum GluOx production obtained was 2.7 U/ml after 33h fermentation with mycelium inoculation. The results demonstrated a much higher GluOx production and productivity compared with those reported previously. 相似文献
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Carolina Campos Francisco J. Fernández Edgar C. Sierra Francisco Fierro Adriana Garay Javier Barrios-González 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(12):3017-3022
Penicillium chrysogenum low and high penicillin producing strains were transformed with a cosmid containing the whole penicillin biosynthetic gene
cluster. The cosmid library was constructed in a newly developed cosmid vector, IztapaCos, which allows cloning and direct
introduction of large DNA fragments in fungal recipients using phleomycin resistance as selection marker. The effect of increased
gene dosage on penicillin production was evaluated both in submerged (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF). Transformants
from the low-producing strain Wis 54-1255, showed a 67.3 and 28.3% increased penicillin titer in SSF and SmF, respectively.
In transformants from the high-producing strain P2-32 the increase was 92.9 and 158.4% respectively. Strain P2-32 already
contains originally about 14 copies of the penicillin biosynthetic cluster, which shows that the strategy of increasing the
gene dosage is still valid for high copy-number strains. The different behavior of the two strains in each type of culture
is discussed, along with the practical implications for industrial penicillin production. 相似文献
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Reynaldo De la Cruz Quiroz Sevastianos Roussos Daniel Hernández Raúl Rodríguez Francisco Castillo 《Critical reviews in biotechnology》2015,35(3):326-333
In recent years, production and use of bio-pesticides have increasing and replacing some synthetic chemical pesticides applied to food commodities. In this review, biological control is focused as an alternative, to some synthetic chemical treatments that cause environmental, human health, and food quality risks. In addition, several phytopathogenic microorganisms have developed resistance to some of these synthetic chemicals and become more difficult to control. Worldwide, the bio-pesticides market is growing annually at a rate of 44% in North America, 20% in Europe and Oceania, 10% in Latin and South American countries and 6% in Asia. Use of agro-industrial wastes and solid-state fermentation (SSF) technology offers an alternative to bio-pesticide production with advantages versus conventional submerged fermentations, as reduced cost and energy consumption, low production of residual water and high stability products. In this review, recent data about state of art regarding bio-pesticides production under SSF on agroindustrial wastes will be discussed. SSF can be defined as a microbial process that generally occurs on solid material in the absence of free water. This material has the ability to absorb water with or without soluble nutrients, since the substrate must have water to support the microorganism’s growth and metabolism. Changes in water content are analyzed in order to select the conditions for a future process, where water stress can be combined with the best spore production conditions, obtaining in this way an inexpensive biotechnological option for modern agriculture in developing countries. 相似文献
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《Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology》2013,48(3):236-249
Molecular hydrogen (H2) can be produced via hydrogenases during mixed-acid fermentation by bacteria. Escherichia coli possesses multiple (four) hydrogenases. Hydrogenase 3 (Hyd-3) and probably 4 (Hyd-4) with formate dehydrogenase H (Fdh-H) form two different H2-evolving formate hydrogen lyase (FHL) pathways during glucose fermentation. For both FHL forms, the hycB gene coding small subunit of Hyd-3 is required. Formation and activity of FHL also depends on the external pH ([pH]out) and the presence of formate. FHL is related with the F0F1-ATPase by supplying reducing equivalents and depending on proton-motive force. Two other hydrogenases, 1 (Hyd-1) and 2 (Hyd-2), are H2-oxidizing enzymes during glucose fermentation at neutral and low [pH]out. They operate in a reverse, H2-producing mode during glycerol fermentation at neutral [pH]out. Hyd-1 and Hyd-2 activity depends on F0F1. Moreover, Hyd-3 can also work in a reverse mode. Therefore, the operation direction and activity of all Hyd enzymes might determine H2 production; some metabolic cross-talk between Hyd enzymes is proposed. Manipulating of different Hyd enzymes activity is an effective way to enhance H2 production by bacteria in biotechnology. Moreover, a novel approach would be the use of glycerol as feedstock in fermentation processes leading to H2 production, reduced fuels and other chemicals with higher yields than those obtained by common sugars. 相似文献
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Extracellular laccase in cultures of Grifola frondosa grown in liquid culture on a defined medium was first detectable in the early/middle stages of primary growth, and enzyme activity continued to increase even after fungal biomass production had peaked. Laccase production was significantly increased by supplementing cultures with 100–500 μM Cu over the basal level (1.6 μM Cu) and peak levels observed at 300 μM Cu were 7-fold higher than in unsupplemented controls. Decreased laccase activity similar to levels detected in unsupplemented controls, as well as an adverse effect on fungal growth, occurred with further supplementation up to and including 0.9 mM Cu, but higher enzyme titres (2- to 16-fold compared with controls) were induced in cultures supplemented with 1–2 mM Cu2+. SDS-PAGE combined with activity staining revealed the presence of a single protein band (M
r 70 kDa) exhibiting laccase activity in control culture fluids, whereas an additional distinct laccase protein band (M
r 45 kDa) was observed in cultures supplemented with 1–2 mM Cu. Increased levels of extracellular laccase activity, and both laccase isozymes, were also detected in cultures of G. frondosa supplemented with ferulic, vanillic, veratric and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Using 2,2′-azino-bis(ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) as substrate, the optimal temperature and pH values for laccase activity were 65°C and pH 2.2, respectively, and the enzyme was relatively heat stable. In solid-state cultures of G. frondosa grown under conditions adopted for industrial-scale mushroom production, extracellular laccase levels increased during the substrate colonization phase, peaked when the substrate was fully colonized, and then decreased sharply during fruit body development. 相似文献