Objective: The aim of our study was to explore the influence of Yap in septic cardiomyopathy in vivo and in vitro.
Materials and methods: In the current study, Yap transgenic mice and Yap adenovirus-mediated gain-of-function assays were used in an LPS-established septic cardiomyopathy model. Mitochondrial function and mitochondrial fission were determined through western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis and ELISA.
Results: Our results demonstrated that Yap expression was downregulated by LPS, whereas Yap overexpression sustained cardiac function and attenuated cardiomyocyte death. The functional exploration revealed that LPS treatment induced cardiomyocyte mitochondrial stress, as manifested by mitochondrial superoxide overproduction, cardiomyocyte ATP deprivation, and caspase-9 apoptosis activation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that LPS-mediated mitochondrial damage was controlled by mitochondrial fission. However, Yap overexpression reduced mitochondrial fission and therefore improved mitochondrial function. A molecular investigation revealed that Yap overexpression inhibited mitochondrial fission by reversing ERK activity, and the inhibition of the ERK pathway promoted DRP1 upregulation and thereby mediated mitochondrial fission activation in the presence of Yap overexpression.
Conclusions: Overall, our results suggest that the cause of septic cardiomyopathy appears to be connected with Yap downregulation. The overexpression of Yap can attenuate myocardial inflammation injury through the reduction of DRP1-related mitochondrial fission in an ERK pathway activation-dependent manner. 相似文献
Methods: Here, we examine the impact of oxidative insults on mitochondrial dynamics in 143B osteosarcoma and H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell lines via confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and protein-based analyses.
Results: When challenged with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a ROS donor, both cell lines display fragmentation of the mitochondrial network and loss of fusion-active OPA1 isoforms, indicating that OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion is disrupted by oxidative damage in mammalian cells. Consistent with this, cells lacking OMA1, a key protease responsible for cleavage of OPA1, are protected against OPA1 cleavage and mitochondrial fragmentation in response to H2O2 challenge.
Discussion: Taken together, these findings indicate that oxidative insults damage OPA1-mediated mitochondrial dynamics in mammalian cells via activation of OMA1, consistent with an emerging role for mitochondrial dynamics as an early indicator of cellular stress signaling. 相似文献
Objective: The aim of our study is to explore the role of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) in the apoptosis of epidermal HaCaT cells induced by H2O2, with a focus on mitochondrial homeostasis and inverted formin-2 (INF2).
Materials and methods: Cellular viability was determined using the MTT assay, TUNEL staining, western blot analysis and LDH release assay. Adenovirus-loaded INF2 was transfected into HaCaT cells to overexpress INF2 in the presence of Tan IIA treatment. Mitochondrial function was determined using JC-1 staining, mitochondrial ROS staining, immunofluorescence and western blotting.
Results: Oxidative stress promoted the death of HaCaT cells and this effect could be reversed by Tan IIA. At the molecular levels, Tan IIA treatment sustained mitochondrial energy metabolism, repressed mitochondrial ROS generation, stabilized mitochondrial potential, and blocked the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Tan IIA modulated mitochondrial homeostasis via affecting INF2-related mitochondrial stress. Overexpression of INF2 could abolish the protective effects of Tan IIA on HaCaT cells viability and mitochondrial function. Besides, we also reported that Tan IIA regulated INF2 expression via the ERK pathway; inhibition of this pathway abrogated the beneficial effects of Tan IIA on HaCaT cells survival and mitochondrial homeostasis.
Conclusions: Overall, our results indicated that oxidative stress-mediated HaCaT cells apoptosis could be reversed by Tan IIA treatment via reducing INF2-related mitochondrial stress in a manner dependent on the ERK signaling pathway. 相似文献
Methods: Wistar rats underwent running training for 6 weeks. In vitro measurements of hydroxyl radical production, oxygen consumption (under basal and maximal respiration conditions) and ATP production were made on permeabilized fibers. Mitochondrial function was examined after exposure and non-exposure to an in vitro generator system of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were also determined.
Results: Compared with sedentary males, females showed a greater resistance of mitochondrial function (oxygen consumption and ATP production) to ROS exposure, and lower MDA content and antioxidant enzyme activities. The training protocol had more beneficial effects in males than females with regard to ROS production and oxidative stress. In contrast to male rats, the susceptibility of mitochondrial function to ROS exposure in trained females was unchanged.
Discussion: Exercise training improves mitochondrial function oxidative capacities in both male and female rats, but is more pronounced in males as a result of different mechanisms. The resistance of mitochondrial function to in vitro oxidative stress exposure and the antioxidant responses are gender- and training-dependent, and may be related to the protective effects of estrogen. 相似文献
Recent knowledge indicates that EGFR deregulated tumors display differences in autophagy and dependence on autophagy for growth and survival and the use of autophagy to increase resistance to EGFR-targeting drugs. In this review the dependency on autophagy and its role in mediating resistance to EGFR-targeting agents will be discussed. Considering the current knowledge, autophagy inhibition could provide a novel strategy to enhance therapy efficacy in treatment of EGFR deregulated tumors. 相似文献
Methods: In the present study, Huh-7 cells and hepatocytes expressing HCV Core or NS3/4A proteins, both inducers of oxidative and ER stress, were additionally challenged with the superoxide anion generator menadione to mimic external oxidative stress. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as the response to oxidative stress and ER stress were investigated.
Results: We demonstrate that hepatocytes diminish oxidative stress through a reduction in ROS production, ER-stress markers (HSPA5 [GRP78], sXBP1) and apoptosis (caspase-3 activity) despite external oxidative stress. Interestingly, the level of the autophagy substrate protein p62 was downregulated together with HCV Core degradation, suggesting that hepatocytes can overcome excess oxidative stress through autophagic degradation of one of the stressors, thereby increasing cell survival.
Duscussion: In conclusion, hepatocytes exposed to direct and indirect oxidative stress inducers are able to cope with cellular stress associated with viral hepatitis and thus promote cell survival. 相似文献
Areas covered: We provide an overview of recent progress related to mitochondrial proteomics in cancer and the application of comparative mitochondrial proteomics in various biological processes, including apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy and metastasis, as well as clinical progress in cancer. Proteomics-related reports were found using PubMed and Google Scholar databases.
Expert commentary: Understanding both post-translational modification and post-translational processing is important in the comprehensive characterization of protein function. The application of comparative mitochondrial proteomics to investigate clinical samples and cancer cells will contribute to our understanding of the molecular interplay of mitochondrial proteins in the development of cancer. This approach will mine more biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis and improve therapeutic outcomes among cancer patients. 相似文献
Aims: To investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of Macqueen’s Bustard in Iran, using two mitochondrial DNA loci.
Methods: Molecular diversity of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) gene and part of the mitochondrial control region D-loop (in total 1183 base pairs) were analysed from 26 individual Macqueen’s Bustards from three regions of Iran.
Results: There was little variation in nucleotides and haplotypes in the populations for genes of both CR and COI. The population had free breeding and gene flow between the three study regions in Iran: Petregan, Ferdows and Yazd.
Conclusion: The use of molecular and genetic studies is essential to strengthen the protection of genetic diversity of the Macqueen’s Bustard. 相似文献
Methods: Bacterial ROS level was reduced by carrying out treatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI). After infection, the apoptosis of U251 cells was examined by flow cytometry assay and propidium iodide staining.
Results: DPI and NAC efficiently decreased ROS level in L. monocytogenes without affecting bacterial growth. Moreover, the apoptosis of glial cells was enhanced upon invasion of DPI- and NAC-pretreated L. monocytogenes.
Discussion: Results indicate that the apoptosis of glial cells can be induced by L. monocytogenes, and that the inhibition of bacterial ROS increases the apoptosis of host cells. 相似文献
Abbreviations:AIM: Atg8-interacting motif; GFP: green fluorescent protein; LIR: LC3-interacting region; NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance; NOESY: nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy; PDB: protein data bank; PsR: pseudo-receiver; RMSD: root-mean-square deviation 相似文献
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of airway inflammation on CD93 levels in murine models.
Methods: We established an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced acute asthma murine model (OVA model) and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway inflammation murine model (LPS model). Dexamethasone was administered by gavage to attenuate the airway inflammation.
Results: The OVA model demonstrated typical allergic asthma features with increased airway hyper-responsiveness, inflammatory cell infiltration, increased Th2 cytokine levels, compared to the control group. CD93 levels were decreased in lung homogenates and, respiratory epithelial cells, whereas serum sCD93 levels were increased in the OVA model, as compared to the control group. Dexamethasone reversed these effects of OVA. In contrast, in the LPS model, CD93 levels were not affected in neither respiratory epithelial cells nor serum.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the potential of using sCD93 as a biomarker for allergic asthma. 相似文献
Methods: Kallistatin levels were measured in subjects from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
Results: One hundred and thirty-five HIV-infected subjects were included. Kallistatin levels were 28.4?μg/mL at baseline and not affected by rosuvastatin. Levels were correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6, fibrinogen and insulin resistance.
Conclusions: Kallistatin levels were correlated with some markers of systemic inflammation and should be further explored in the HIV population. 相似文献
Materials and methods: MDD is a complex disorder; consequently, a reductionist approach to characterize the complex system changes found in MDD will be inchoate and unreliable. A holistic approach is used to identify biomarkers reflecting the tipping points seen before the catastrophic bifurcation that results in MDD.
Results: Applying CBP theories revealed skew, resistance to change, flickering, increased variance and autocorrelation as patterns of biomarkers. Integrals and differentials of extracellular and intracellular biomarkers were identified, specifically focussed on hypothalamo-pituitary axis (HPA) dysfunction, metabolic dysfunction, inflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress, and tryptophan metabolism.
Conclusions: Applying CBP theories to the dysfunctional complex biological systems in MDD led to development of integrals and differentials of biomarkers that can be used in screening for MDD and planning future biomarker research, targeting intracellular and extracellular inflammation, HPA axis dysfunction, and tryptophan metabolism. 相似文献
Methods: Eighty subjects were divided into two groups: 20 patients with AgP and 20 patients with CP with their 20 corresponding matched controls, based on clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Saliva reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and non-enzymatic antioxidant defences were measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay, as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARs) and total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), respectively. Pearson's correlation and multivariate analysis were used to determine the relationship between ROS and TBARs and the clinical parameters.
Results: ROS and TBARs were increased in AgP while TRAP was decreased, comparing with CP. In AgP, a strong and positive correlation was observed between ROS and TBARs and they were closely associated with CAL and PPD.
Discussion: In AgP, but not in CP, oxidative stress is a high contributor to periodontal pathology and it is closely associated with the clinical periodontal status. 相似文献
Methods: Secondary analyses of an observational clinical pilot study, including 60 patients with septic shock, 30 postoperative controls and 30 healthy volunteers.
Results: Plasma levels of sTREM-1 were found to identify patients with septic shock more effectively than procalcitonin and C-reactive protein. Moreover, sTREM-1 was identified to be an early predictor for survival in patients with septic shock.
Conclusion: Due to its diagnostic as well as prognostic value in sepsis syndrome, implementation of sTREM-1 measurements in routine diagnostics should be taken into account. 相似文献
Objective: To review the evidence and investigate the association between immune-inflammatory biomarkers and CE strokes versus other stroke subtypes.
Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature (sources: MEDLINE, web-based register http://stroke-biomarkers.com, reference lists) with quality assessment and meta-analysis of selected articles.
Results: The most consistent association was found between C-reactive protein (CRP) and CE strokes when compared to other stroke subtypes (standardized mean difference 0.223 (0.116, 0.343); p?<?0.001)
Conclusions: Our findings confirm a possible association between selected inflammatory biomarkers and CE stroke. 相似文献
Objective: This paper reviews the possible mechanisms of common and novel biomarkers involved in the development of DR and explores how these biomarkers could be used to monitor the damage induced by oxidative stress in DR, which is a significant complication in people with diabetes.
Conclusion: The poor control of glucemy in pacients with DB has been shown contribute to the development of complications in eyes as DR. 相似文献
Methods: In the present study, we demonstrated that H2O2-induced apoptosis and hypertrophy of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts was markedly exacerbated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for IDH2.
Results: Attenuated IDH2 expression resulted in the modulation of cellular and mitochondrial redox status, mitochondrial function, and cellular oxidative damage. MitoTEMPO, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, efficiently suppressed increased caspase-3 activity, increased cell size, and depletion of cellular GSH levels in IDH2 siRNA-transfected cells that were treated with H2O2.
Discussion: These results indicated that the disruption of cellular redox balance might be responsible for the enhanced H2O2-induced apoptosis and hypertrophy of cultured cardiomyocytes by the attenuated IDH2 expression. 相似文献
Methods: Secretome and miRNAs were analyzed during the first two weeks and on clinical suspicion of ACR in the bile of 45 OLT recipients.
Results: Levels of CD44, CXCL9, miR-122, miR-133a, miR-148a and miR-194 were significantly higher in bile of patients who developed ACR within the first 6 months after OLT and during ACR.
Conclusion: Analysis of secretome and miRNA in bile could improve our understanding of the local inflammatory process during rejection. 相似文献